The Urinary System Flashcards
How does blood flow into the glomerulus? What epithelial cells is the glomerulus made of?
Via the afferent arteriole.
Glomerulus made of fenestrated epithelium.
How does blood leave the glomerulus?
The efferent arteriole
Where are the kidneys found?
In the retroperitoneum in the dorsal abdominal cavity
Where is the nephron located?
In the cortex, but the loop of henle is located in the medulla.
Where does 70% of reabsorption occur?
In the proximal convoluted tube
What happens to glucose in the nephron?
It passes through the filter and gets completely reabsorbed in the PCT. This is by active transport by carrier proteins.
What occurs in the glomerulus?
Ultrafiltration of substances which produces urine
What occurs in the PCT?
The urine moves into the PCT, 70% of urine and sodium are reabsorbed. The resorption of sodium gives the osmotic potential for water resorption. Drugs are also excreted by the PCT (penicillin)
What occurs in the descending/ascending loop of henle?
Descending loop has a thin wall so water is allowed to pass out and into the interstitial
Ascending henle thicker with squamous epithelium so water can’t pass out but Na, K, and chloride are pumped out into the interstitial cells.
What occurs in the DCT?
More sodium is reabsorbed, potassium and hydrogen are excreted. Hydrogen excretion is important because it maintains acid-base balance.
What happens in the collecting duct?
Collects urine from a number of different nephrons. The ant. pit gland releases AHD on the collecting tube to reabsorb more water.
