The Reproduction System (Male) Flashcards
What is the production of sperm called?
Spermatogenesis
Where does sperm maturation occur?
Epididymis
Name functions of the reproduction tract
- Produce sperm 2. Secrete male hormones 3. Conduct sperm from the testes into female
Function of the testes
Make sperm, hormones
Function of epididymis
Storage of sperm, maturation
Function of the urethra in the penis
Sperm ejaculation, urinary
What are the accessory glands? what are their functions?
Prostate gland and bulbourethral gland, function: secretions
What is the gubernaculum?
Short band of inelastic connective tissue that attaches testes to scrotum
Through what does the testes go through when coming down from the abdominal wall
The inguinal canal
Scrotum function
- Regulate temperature (keeps 2-6 degrees cooler than body) 2. Supports and protects the testes.
What muscles are involved in moving the testes away from the abdomen?
The cremaster muscle (abdomen) and Dartos tunica (lining scrotum). These can contract in cold weather and relax in warm weather.
What is the function of the spermatic chord?
Links testis with the rest of the body, tubelike connective tissue
What things surround the testes?
The tunic albuginea which is a capsule, and then a thick layer called the parietal vaginal tunic, and then a thinner layer called the visceral vaginal tunic.
The testis are divided into lobules which contain cells. What cells do they contain?
Sertoli cells (nurse cells) and Leydig cells (interstitial cells)
What are the functions of the Sertoli cells?
Mechanical and nutritional support, produce oestrogen and shield from immune system
What are the functions of Leydig cells?
Secretes testosterone, under control of ICHS (interstitial cell stimulating hormone - Ant. Pit.)
What is the deferent duct?
Transports sperm from the epididymis to enter the urethra at the neck of the bladder
What is a Sertoli cell tumour? symptoms/treatment?
Proliferation of Sertoli cells, symptoms inc. alopecia, inc in mammary gland size, other male dogs may be attracted, Treatment: castration
What are the 3 parts of the penis?
- Roots: crura, connective tissue attach penis to pelvis
- Body: 2 bundles of erectile tissue
- Glans: tip, rich supply of sensory nerves
What are the 2 types of penis?
Musculocavernous penis and fibroelastic penis
What’s a musculocavernous penis?
This type has large spaces which fill up with blood during erection (horse, dog and man)
What is a fibroelastic penis?
Contains a lot of fibroelastic tissue and has small spaces which fill up with blood Has an s-shaped sigmoid flexure which straightens out (ruminants and pigs)
What parts make up the spermatozoa? function?
- Head: nucleus, acrosome (digestive enzymes)
- Midpiece: mitochondria (energy)
- Tail: propulsion
What is spermiogenesis?
Transformation of spermatids to spermatozoa
What is capacitation? where does it occur?
It is the last step of sperm maturation, occurs at the isthmus in the oviduct
