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Veterinary Anatomy > The Cardiovascular System > Flashcards

The Cardiovascular System Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 heart valves?

A

Tricuspid (right) Mitral (Left) - atrioventricular valves

Pulmonary, aortic - semi lunar valves

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2
Q

The right side of the heart pumps…to..

A

Deoxygenated blood to the pulmonary circulation

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3
Q

The left side of the heart pumps..to..

A

Oxygenated blood to the systemic circulation

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4
Q

The endocardium:

A

lines atria, ventricles, forms valves

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5
Q

Myocardium:

A

is the cardiac muscle

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6
Q

Epicardium:

A

covers external surface of the heart, also known as the pericardium

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7
Q

Identify the principle features of cardiac muscle (pericardium)

A

Central nucleus (usually one but sometimes 2), Intercalated discs, Branched fibres, blood vessels

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8
Q

What is the bundle of his?

A

the atrioventricular bundle (tricuspid and mitral valve)

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9
Q

What are purkinje fibres?

A

network of cardiac conducting fibres

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10
Q

What is atrial diastole?

A

blood gathers in atria and passes into the ventricles

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11
Q

What is atrial systole?

A

blood forced into the ventricles by atrial contraction

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12
Q

What is ventricular diastole?

A

ventricles fill with blood slowly

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13
Q

What is ventricular systole?

A

ventricles eject blood into the aorta and pulmonary trunk

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14
Q

What is the filling phase? how long?

A

0.5 sec. The atria in systole for the last third of this, ventricles in diastole. The AV valves open, and there is a rapid filling of the ventricles.

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15
Q

What is the Isovolumetric contraction?

A

0.05 sec. The AV valves close (first heart sound, ‘lub’) Semi lunar valves still shut, atria in diastole.

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16
Q

What is the ejection phase?

A

0.3 sec. The ventricular pressure now > arterial pressure. The semi lunar valves open, blood is rapidly ejected. Semi lunar valves snap shut (second hear sound, ‘dub’)

17
Q

What is Isovolumetric relaxation?

A

0.08 sec. The ventricles are in diastole , AV valves open, cycle repeats itself.

18
Q

What is tachycardia?

A

Heart rate in excess of normal

19
Q

What is bradycardia?

A

Heart rate below normal.

20
Q

Deoxygenated blood comes from the body to …..

Goes to the lungs from ….

A

From the body to the cranial and caudal vena cava…From the lungs to the pulmonary vein

21
Q

Oxygenated blood comes from the lungs to ….oxygenated blood to the body comes from the…

A

From the lungs to pulmonary artery…To the body from the aorta

Veterinary Anatomy (6 decks)

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