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Histology Class MD1 > The Urinary system > Flashcards

The Urinary system Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the erythropoietin produced ?

A

Kidney

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2
Q

What is modified in the kidney ?

A

Vitamin D

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3
Q

Where is renin produced ?

A

Kidney

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4
Q

Division of the kidney

A

Outer cortex And inner

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5
Q

What does the kidney lobe consist of ?

A

medullary pyramid, its overlying cortex, and the associated renal column.

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6
Q

Renal columns

A

Tissue in between the pyramids

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7
Q

Medullary Ray

A

A region where a portion of the medulla project into the renal cortex

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8
Q

Ducts of Bellini

A

Large collecting tubules near the apex of the pyramid

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9
Q

Functional unit of the kidney

A

Nephron

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10
Q

Divisions of the nephron

A

Glomerulus and uriniferous tubule

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11
Q

Glomerulus

A

Capillary tuft of the nephron

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12
Q

Bowman’s capsule

A

Double layered cap surrounding the glomerulus

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13
Q

Renal capsule

A

Glomerulus and bowman’s capsule

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14
Q

Malpighian corpuscle

A

Renal corpuscle

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15
Q

What does the bowman capsule lead to ?

A

PCT

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16
Q

What does the PCT lead to ?

A

Loop of Henle.

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17
Q

What does the loop of Henle lead to ?

A

DCT

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18
Q

What does the DCT lead to ?

A

Collecting duct

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19
Q

Visceral layer of bowman’s capsule

A
  • Inner layer

- consist of podocytes

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20
Q

Parietal layer of the Bowman’s capsule

A

-outer layer

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21
Q

Pedicels

A

foot like processes on the podocytes

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22
Q

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

A

The juxtaglomerular cells and macula densa

23
Q

What do the juxtaglomerular cells secrete ?

A

Renin

24
Q

Macula densa

A

specialized cells in the distal convoluted tubule that are sensitive to sodium.

25
Q

What branches off the interlobular artery?

A

Afferent arteriole

26
Q

Blood supply to the glomerulus

A

Afferent arteriole

27
Q

What converges to form the efferent arteriole ?

A

Glomerulus

28
Q

What is the second capillary network to argue after the deferent arteriole ?

A

peritubular capillaries

29
Q

Vasa recta

A

Straight vessels that arise from some of the efferent arterioles.

30
Q

Location of the bladder

A
  • within the pelvic cavity
  • behind the symphysis pubis
  • below the parietal peritoneum
31
Q

Innermost portion of the urinary bladder

A

mucosa

32
Q

Transitional epithelium

A

domed shaped cells on the apical surface

33
Q

Does the epithelial layer contain blood vessels or lymphatics ?

A

No

34
Q

Basement membrane

A
  • Single layer of cells

- separates the epithelium from the connective tissue

35
Q

Lamina Propria

A
  • epithelium that lies upon connective tissue
  • composed of areolar connective tissue.
  • contains blood vessels, nerves, and, in some regions, glands.
36
Q

where does the lamina propria and submucosa tend to merge ?

A

urinary sites because they have no muscular mucosae

37
Q

Layers of the muscular of the bladder

A

inner longitudinal, middle circlular, and outer longitudinal.

38
Q

Detrusor muscle

A

Smooth muscle of the bladder

39
Q

Mucosa

A

epithelium, transitional epithelium, mucosal surface, transitional mucosa, urothelium

40
Q

Lamina propria

A

subepithelial tissue, stroma, submucosa, suburothelial connective tissue

41
Q

Muscularis

A

muscularis externa, smooth muscle, muscle, muscularis propria

42
Q

Urethra

A

tube -like structure which urine leaves the bladder

43
Q

Wall of the urethra

A

smooth muscle

44
Q

Sphincters of the urethra

A

Internal sphincter and external urethral sphincter

45
Q

Internal urethral sphincter

A
  • At the start of the urethra

- smooth muscle

46
Q

External urethral sphincter

A

-Composed of skeletal muscle

47
Q

Female urethra

A
  • short

- lining = psuedostratified columnar epithelium & stratified squamous

48
Q

Male urethra

A
  • Longer

- Functions as a conduit for urine and semen

49
Q

Three sections of the male urethra

A

prostatic urethra, membranous urethra, and spongy (penile) urethra.

50
Q

Prostatic urethra

A
  • First portion of the male urethra

- transitional epithelium

51
Q

Membranous Urethra

A
  • 2nd portion

- psuedostratified columnar epithelium

52
Q

Spongy urethra

A
  • 3rd part
  • penile urethra
  • longest
  • travels through the corpus spongiosum of the penis
  • psuedostratified columnar epithelium which then transitions to stratified squamous epithelium distally.
53
Q

Ureter

A
  • muscular tube

- 25 to 28 cm long

54
Q

Layers of tissue of the ureter

A

Fibrous coat
muscular coat
mucosa

Histology Class MD1 (19 decks)

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