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Medical Terminology > The Urinary and Reproductive Systems > Flashcards

The Urinary and Reproductive Systems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q 
The medical term that translates as a removal of the ducts that carry sperm cells is
Select one:
a. vasovasostomy.
b. epididymectomy.
c. spermicide.
d. vasectomy.
A

d. vasectomy.

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2
Q 
Which root refers to the tubes that carry urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
Select one:
a. glomerul/o
b. urethr/o
c. ureter/o 
d. balan/o
A

c. ureter/o

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3
Q 
Translate the root ren/o.
Select one:
a. bladder
b. kidney 
c. opening
d. renal pelvis
A

b. kidney

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4
Q

Why is a urologist able to diagnose and treat both urinary tract and male genital problems?
Select one:
a. Most specialists have dual functions.
b. The functions of the male reproductive system and the urinary system are similar.
c. The male reproductive system is not as complex as the female reproductive system, so a specialist in male anatomy is able to learn enough about both systems easily
d. The male reproductive system shares structures with the urinary system.

A

d. The male reproductive system shares structures with the urinary system.

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5
Q 
Select the root that refers to sperm.
Select one:
a. balan/o
b. epididym/o
c. orchid/o
d. sperm/i
A

d. sperm/i

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6
Q 
Identify and define the root in the medical term heminephrectomy.
Select one:
a. nephr- kidney 
b. nephr- bladder
c. -ectomy surgical removal
d. hemi- half
A

a. nephr- kidney

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7
Q 
Identify and define the root in the medical term orchidotomy.
Select one:
a. orchido- sperm
b. orchido- testicle
c. orch/i- testicle 
d. tomy- incision
A

b. orchido- testicle

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8
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term cystoplegia?

Select one:

a. cysto (bladder) + plegia (paralysis) = paralysis of the bladder
b. cysto (kidney) + plegia (paralysis) = paralysis of the kidney
c. cysto (pelvis) + plegia (paralysis) = paralysis of the kidney pelvis
d. cysto (opening) + plegia (paralysis) = paralysis of the opening between the bladder and urethra

A

a. cysto (bladder) + plegia (paralysis) = paralysis of the bladder

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9
Q 
Translate the medical term orchidoptosis.
Select one:
a. discharge from the penis
b. condition of excessive sperm
c. condition of low sperm count
d. drooping of the testicle
A

d. drooping of the testicle

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10
Q 
Translate the medical term orchichorea.
Select one:
a. discharge from the penis
b. another term for ejaculation
c. c. involuntary jerking movement of the testicles 
d. enlargement of the testicles
A

c. c. involuntary jerking movement of the testicles

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11
Q 
Build a medical term that means pain in the kidney.
Select one:
a. nephr + algia 
b. nephr + itis
c. nephro + ptosis
d. nephro + scler +osis
A

a. nephr + algia

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12
Q 
Select the medical term that means involuntary urination.
Select one:
a. dysuria
b. enuresis 
c. hematuria
d. polyuria
A

b. enuresis

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13
Q 
Which of the following medical terms describes a persistent and painful erection?
Select one:
a. priapism 
b. enuresis
c. phimosis
d. orchialgia
A

a. priapism

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14
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term urethrostenosis?
Select one:
a. urethro (ureter) + sten (hardening) + osis (condition) = condition of ureter hardening
b. urethro (urethra) + sten (narrowing) + osis (condition) = condition of urethra narrowing
c. urethro (ureter) + sten (narrowing) + osis (condition) = condition of ureter narrowing
d. urethro (urethra) + sten (softening) + osis (condition) = condition of urethra softening

A

b. urethro (urethra) + sten (narrowing) + osis (condition) = condition of urethra narrowing

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15
Q 
Translate the medical term anorchidism.
Select one:
a. condition of no sperm
b. condition of few sperm
c. condition of no testicle
d. condition of only one testicle
A

c. condition of no testicle

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16
Q 
Translate the medical term aspermia.
Select one:
a. condition of no sperm 
b. condition of few sperm
c. pertaining to no sperm motility
d. condition of excessive sperm
A

a. condition of no sperm

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17
Q 
Select the medical term that means condition of the kidney.
Select one:
a. nephralgia
b. nephrosis 
c. nephropathy
d. nephrolithiasis
A

b. nephrosis

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18
Q 
Select the medical term that means creating thirst.
Select one:
a. dipsogenic
b. orchichorea
c. polydipsia 
d. priapism
A

a. dipsogenic

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19
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term vesicocele?
Select one:
a. vesico (bladder) + cele (hernia) = hernia of the bladder
b. vesico (bladder) + cele (rupture) = rupture of the bladder
c. vesico (bladder) + cele (tumor) = tumor in the bladder
d. vesico (kidney vessel) + cele (hernia) = hernia of the vessels in the kidney

A

a. vesico (bladder) + cele (hernia) = hernia of the bladder

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20
Q 
Translate the medical term nephromegaly.
Select one:
a. condition of weak bladder
b. softening of the kidney
c. over development of the kidney
d. enlargement of the kidney
A

d. enlargement of the kidney

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21
Q 
Build a medical term that means disease of the renal pelvis and kidney.
Select one:
a. nephrolithiasis
b. nephropathy
c. pyeloma
d. pyelonephropathy
A

d. pyelonephropathy

22
Q 
Select the correct breakdown of the medical term heminephroureterectomy into its component parts.
Select one:
a. heminephroureter/ectomy
b. hemi/nephroureter/ectomy
c. hemi/nephro/ureter/ectomy 
d. hemi/nephro/ure/terec/tom/y
A

c. hemi/nephro/ureter/ectomy

23
Q 
Translate the medical term nephrotoxin
Select one:
a. destruction of the kidney
b. poison of the kidney 
c. stone in the kidney
d. binding of the kidney
A

b. poison of the kidney

24
Q 
Translate the medical term orchioplasty.
Select one:
a. surgical reconstruction of a testicle 
b. surgical reconstruction of the penis
c. removal of a testicle
d. incision into the penis
A

a. surgical reconstruction of a testicle

25
Q 
Select the medical term that means surgical removal of the prostate and seminal vesicles.
Select one:
a. prostatovesiculectomy 
b. orchiepididymitis 
c.  prostatolithotomy
d. orchidectomy
A

a. prostatovesiculectomy

26
Q

Translate the medical term fetometry as literally as possible.
Select one:
a. procedure for looking at the fetus using an instrument
b. procedure for measuring the fetus
c. procedure for recording the fetus
d. procedure for palpating the fetus

A

b. procedure for measuring the fetus

27
Q 
Which of the following medical terms means procedure for looking at the vagina?
Select one:
a. colposcopy 
b. cervicography
c. hysteroscopy
d. mammogram
A

a. colposcopy

28
Q

Select the correct translation for the medical term cardiotocograph.
Select one:
a. an instrument for recording the baby’s heart rate during contractions
b. a procedure for imaging the uterus
c. a procedure for measuring the fetus

A

a. an instrument for recording the baby’s heart rate during contractions

29
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term vaginomycosis?
Select one:
a. vagino (vagina) + myc (fungus) + osis (condition) = condition of vaginal fungus
b. vagino (vagina) + myc (fungus) + osis (inflammation) = inflammation of the vagina caused by fungus
c. vagino (vagina) + myc (muscle) + osis (condition) = condition of the vaginal muscles
d. vagino (vagina) + myc (muscle) + osis (inflammation) = inflammation of vaginal muscles

A

a. vagino (vagina) + myc (fungus) + osis (condition) = condition of vaginal fungus

30
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hysterorrhexis?
Select one:
a. hystero (uterus) + rrhexis (fixation) = surgical fixation of the uterus
b. hystero (uterus) + rrhexis (discharge) = discharge from the uterus
c. hystero (uterus) + rrhexis (puncture) = puncture of the uterus
d. hystero (uterus) + rrhexis (rupture) = rupture of the uterus

A

d. hystero (uterus) + rrhexis (rupture) = rupture of the uterus

31
Q 
Which of the following medical terms means inflammation of the inside of the cervix?
Select one:
a. cervicovaginitis
b. chorioamnionitis
c. colpocystitis
d. endocervicitis
A

d. endocervicitis

32
Q

Select the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term mammoplasty
Select one:
a. mammo (breast) + plasty (incision) = incision into a breast
b. mammo (breast) + plasty (puncture) = puncture of a breast
c. mammo (breast) + plasty (reconstruction) = surgical reconstruction of a breast
d. mammo (breast) + plasty (removal) = surgical removal of a breast

A

c. mammo (breast) + plasty (reconstruction) = surgical reconstruction of a breast

33
Q 
Translate the medical term ovariocentesis.
Select one:
a. puncture of an ovary 
b. discharge from an ovary
c. pregnancy in an ovary
d. cyst in the ovary
A

a. puncture of an ovary

34
Q 
Select the medical term that means suture of the external genital organs of a female.
Select one:
a. episiorrhaphy 
b. myomectomy
c. perineoplasty
d. vulvoplasty
A

a. episiorrhaphy

35
Q 
The surgical removal of a tumor in the muscle of the uterine wall is called a(n)
Select one:
a. myometrectomy.
b. episiorrhaphy.
c. myomectomy. 
d. perineoplasty.
A

c. myomectomy.

36
Q

What does the abbreviation Cx refer to?
Select one:
a. a biopsy of the external genital organs of a female
b. a Pap smear
c. any gynecologic diagnostic procedure
d. the opening between the uterus and the vagina

A

d. the opening between the uterus and the vagina

37
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the abbreviation HSG?
Select one:
a. hysterosalpingogram: hystero (uterus) + salpingo (fallopian tube) + gram (record) = record of the uterus and fallopian tubes
b. hysterosalpingectomy: hystero (uterus) + salping (fallopian tube) + ectomy (removal) = surgical removal of the uterus and fallopian tubes
c. severe hyperemesis gravidarum: severe hyper (over) + emesis (vomiting) + gravidarum (pregnancy) = severe pregnancy-related vomiting; extreme morning sickness
d. hysterosonography: hystero (uterus) + sono (sound) + graphy (process of recording) = procedure using sound waves to examine the uterus
Feedback

A

a. hysterosalpingogram: hystero (uterus) + salpingo (fallopian tube) + gram (record) = record of the uterus and fallopian tubes

38
Q

What is the correct definition for the abbreviation IVF?
Select one:
a. intentional termination of a pregnancy
b. surgical reconstruction of the vagina and perineum
c. surgical removal of a fallopian tube and ovary
d. the fertilization of an egg done in a test tube

A

d. the fertilization of an egg done in a test tube

39
Q

Read the following postoperative note: “Objective: She was 3 cm dilated and effaced. Initial lab work included a CBC that showed an elevated white blood cell count but no anemia. The patient was placed on IV fluids and antibiotics for presumed chorioamnionitis and was placed under continuous monitoring. Two hours after admission, fetal heart rate monitors alerted us to fetal bradycardia. The decision was made to proceed with emergency CS.” According to the note, which kind of procedure did the patient undergo?
Select one:
a. delivery of a baby through an incision made in the uterus
b. intentional termination of a pregnancy
c. surgical reconstruction of the vagina
d. surgical removal of an ovarian cyst

A

a. delivery of a baby through an incision made in the uterus

40
Q

Read the following excerpt from a patient’s medical record: “Emergency Department Course: Ms. Miller arrived at the emergency department in mild discomfort. An IV was started, and she was treated with IV fluids for mild dehydration. Ms. Miller was also given an antiemetic and ibuprofen. A swab of Ms. Miller’s purulent vaginal discharge revealed leukorrhea. We performed transvaginal sonography. Suspicion for pelvic inflammatory disorder was confirmed by findings of enlarged ovaries consistent with oophoritis and endometritis. Results for chlamydia reinfection and gonorrhea are still pending.” What is the correct breakdown and translation for the underlined terms in the Emergency Department Note excerpt?
Select one:
a. oophoritis:oophor (fallopian tube) + itis (condition) = condition of the fallopian tubes; endometritis:endo (inside) + metr (uterus) + itis (condition) = condition inside the uterus
b. oophoritis:oophor (fallopian tube) + itis (disease) = disease of the fallopian tubes endometritis:endo (outside) + metr (uterus) + itis (disease) = disease outside the uterus
c. oophoritis:oophor (ovary) + itis (disease) = disease of an ovary; endometritis:endo (inside) + metr (uterus) + itis (disease) = disease inside the uterus
d. oophoritis:oophor (ovary) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of an ovary; endometritis:endo (inside) + metr (uterus) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation inside the uterus

A

d. oophoritis:oophor (ovary) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of an ovary; endometritis:endo (inside) + metr (uterus) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation inside the uterus

41
Q 
Select the medical term that means painful menstruation
Select one:
a. menorrhagia 
b. dyspareunia
c. amenorrhea
d. dysmenorrhea
A

d. dysmenorrhea

42
Q 
Build a medical term that translates as looking procedure in the uterus.
Select one:
a. metro + scope
b. hystero + scope
c. hystero + scopy 
d. colpo + scope
A

c. hystero + scopy

43
Q 
Select the imaging procedure that uses sound waves emitted from a device inserted into the vagina.
Select one:
a. cardiotocograph
b. transvaginal sonography 
c. ultrasonography
d. hysterosalpingogram
A

b. transvaginal sonography

44
Q 
Select the medical term that translates as difficult labor.
Select one:
a. bradytocia
b. dystocia 
c. gravida
d. hypotocia
A

b. dystocia

45
Q 
Select the correct translation of the medical term hysterocele.
Select one:
a. hernia of the uterus 
b. rupture of the uterus
c. pain in the uterus
d. removal of the uterus
A

a. hernia of the uterus

46
Q 
Select the pair of terms that are synonyms
Select one:
a. antepartum, postpartum
b. prenatal, postnatal
c. prenatal, antepartum 
d. postnatal, antepartum
A

c. prenatal, antepartum

47
Q 
A complete cessation of menstruation is called
Select one:
a.  amenorrhea. 
b.  menarche.
c. dysmenorrhea.
d. menopause.
A

d. menopause.

48
Q

Select the correct definition for the medical term placenta previa.
Select one:
a. condition in which the placenta is attached to the uterus near the cervix
b. condition in which the placenta separates from the wall of the uterus
c. implantation of a fertilized egg outside the uterus
d. naturally occurring termination of pregnancy

A

a. condition in which the placenta is attached to the uterus near the cervix

49
Q 
Select the medical term that means incision into the vulva.
Select one:
a. vulvectomy
b. vulvectomy
c. episiotomy 
d. episiectomy
A

c. episiotomy

50
Q

The action of the medication oxytocin is to
Select one:
a. stimulate uterine contractions and accelerate labor.
b. stop or delay premature labor and contractions.
c. cause the termination of pregnancy
d. relieve pain during childbirth.

A

a. stimulate uterine contractions and accelerate labor.

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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