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Medical Terminology > The Endocrine System > Flashcards

The Endocrine System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q 
Choose the correct translation for the roots adren/o and adrenal/o.
Select one:
a. adrenal gland 
b. gland
c. gonads
d. hormone
A

a. adrenal gland

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2
Q 
Choose the correct translation for the root crin/o.
Select one:
a. adrenal gland
b. hormone
c. outer surface
d. to secrete
A

d. to secrete

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3
Q 
Which of the following word parts means stimulating hormone?
Select one:
a. crin/o
b. hypophyso
c. ket/o
d. -tropin
A

d. -tropin

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4
Q 
Which of the following roots refers to both an endocrine gland and a gastrointestinal organ?
Select one:
a. aden/o
b. gonad/o
c. pancreat/o 
d. thym/o
A

c. pancreat/o

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5
Q 
Identify and define the root in the medical term polyadenopathy.
Select one:
a. poly- many
b. ad- toward
c. adeno- gland 
d. eno- endocrine system
A

c. adeno- gland

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6
Q 
Identify the correct pronunciation of the term thyrotropin.
Select one:
a. THAI-rah-trah-peen
b. THAI-roh-TROH-pin 
c. THEE-rah-trah-peen
d. THEE-roh-TROH-pin
A

b. THAI-roh-TROH-pin

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7
Q 
Which of the following is the correct breakdown of the medical term hypoglycemic into its component parts?
Select one:
a. hypo/glycemic
b. hypo/glycem/ic
c. hypo/glyc/emic 
d. hypo/glyc/em/ic
A

d. hypo/glyc/em/ic

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8
Q 
Which of the following is the correct breakdown of the medical term thyroparathyroidectomy into its component parts?
Select one:
a. thyroparathyroid/ectomy
b. thyro/parathy/roidec/tomy
c. thyro/para/thyroid/ectomy 
d. thyro/para/thyroid/ecto/my
A

c. thyro/para/thyroid/ectomy

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9
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term acromegaly?
Select one:
a. acro (extremities) + megaly (abnormal enlargement) = abnormal enlargement of the extremities
b. acro (extremities) + megaly (abnormally small) = abnormally small extremities
c. acro (extremities) + megaly (development) = development of the extremities
d. acro (extremities) + megaly (fixed) = fixed extremities

A

a. acro (extremities) + megaly (abnormal enlargement) = abnormal enlargement of the extremities

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10
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term myxedema?
Select one:
a. myx (mucus) + edema (condition) = mucus condition
b. myx (mucus) + edema (disease) = disease of the skin caused by deposits under the skin
c. myx (mucus) + edema (pain) = pain of the skin caused by deposits under the skin
d. myx (mucus) + edema (swelling) = swelling of the skin caused by deposits under the skin

A

d. myx (mucus) + edema (swelling) = swelling of the skin caused by deposits under the skin

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11
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term endocrine?
Select one:
a. endo (inside) + crine (hormone) = hormones within the body
b. endo (inside) + crine (secretion) = to secrete internally
c. endo (outside) + crine (hormone) = hormones outside the body
d. endo (outside) + crine (secretion) = to secrete outside the body

A

b. endo (inside) + crine (secretion) = to secrete internally

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12
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term ketogenesis?
Select one:
a. keto (ketone) + genesis (breakdown) = breakdown of ketone bodies
b. keto (ketone) + genesis (creation) = creation of ketone bodies
c. keto (ketone) + genesis (removal) = removal of ketone bodies
d. keto (ketone) + genesis (secretion) = secretion of ketone bodies

A

b. keto (ketone) + genesis (creation) = creation of ketone bodies

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13
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term panhypopituitarism?
Select one:
a. pan (all) + hypo (over) + pituitar (pituitary gland) + ism (condition) = overactivity of the entire pituitary gland
b. pan (all) + hypo (under) + pituitar (pituitary gland) + ism (condition) = defective or absent function of the entire pituitary gland
c. pan (many) + hypo (over) + pituitar (pituitary gland) + ism(formation) = the condition of having multiple pituitary glands
d. pan (one) + hypo (under) + pituitar (pituitary gland) + ism condition) = defective or absent function of part of the pituitary gland

A

b. pan (all) + hypo (under) + pituitar (pituitary gland) + ism (condition) = defective or absent function of the entire pituitary gland

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14
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hypophysitis?
Select one:
a. hypophys (pancreas) + itis (disease) = disease of the pancreas
b. hypophys (pituitary gland) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the pituitary gland.
c. hypo (over) + phys (pancreas) + itis (disease) = disease of the glands over the pancreas
d. hypo (under) + phys (pancreas) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation under the pancreas

A

b. hypophys (pituitary gland) + itis (inflammation) = inflammation of the pituitary gland.

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15
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hypophysectomy?
Select one:
a. hypophys (pancreas) + ectomy (cut) = cutting into the pancreas
b. hypophys (pituitary gland) + ectomy (surgical removal) = surgical removal of the pituitary gland
c. hypo (over) + phys (gland) + ectomy (cut) = cutting into the gland
d. hypo (under) + phys (gland) + ectomy (cut) = cutting under the gland

A

b. hypophys (pituitary gland) + ectomy (surgical removal) = surgical removal of the pituitary gland

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16
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term parathyroidectomy?
Select one:
a. para (beside) + thyroid (thyroid) + ectomy (incision) = incision beside the thyroid
b. para (beside) + thyroid (thyroid) + ectomy (removal) = removal beside the thyroid
c. para (inside) + thyroid (thyroid) + ectomy (incision) = incision inside the thyroid
d. para (inside) + thyroid (thyroid) + ectomy (removal) = removal of the inside of the thyroid

A

b. para (beside) + thyroid (thyroid) + ectomy (removal) = removal beside the thyroid

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17
Q 
Which of the following medical terms means pain in the pancreas?
Select one:
a. pancreatalgia 
b. pancreatectomy
c. pancreatitis
d. pancreatolith
A

a. pancreatalgia

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18
Q 
A goiter is most commonly caused by a deficiency of
Select one:
a. potassium.
b. sodium.
c. iodine. 
d. calcium.
A

c. iodine.

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19
Q 
Which of the following medical terms means calcium in the urine?
Select one:
a. calcemia
b. calciuria 
c. chloremia
d. kenonuria
A

b. calciuria

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20
Q 
Which of the following medical terms means hormone that stimulates the gonads?
Select one:
a. corticotropin
b. glucagon
c. gonadogenesis
d. gonadotropin
A

d. gonadotropin

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21
Q 
Which of the following medical terms means tumor of the thymus?
Select one:
a. thymectomy
b. thymoma 
c. thyrocele
d. thyromegaly
A

b. thymoma

22
Q 
Which medical term means over thyroid condition, overproduction by the thyroid?
Select one:
a. hyperparathyroidism
b. hyperthyroidism 
c. hypoparathyroidism
d. hypothyroidism
A

b. hyperthyroidism

23
Q 
Which of the following medical terms means inflammation of the thyroid?
Select one:
a. thyrocele
b. thyroiditis 
c. thyroidotomy
d. thyromegaly
A

b. thyroiditis

24
Q 
Which of the following medical terms means removal of the thymus?
Select one:
a. thymectomy 
b. thymoma
c. thyrocele
d. thyromegaly
A

a. thymectomy

25
Q 
Which of the following medical terms means incision into the thyroid?
Select one:
a. thyrocele
b. thyroiditis
c. thyroidotomy 
d. thyromegaly
A

c. thyroidotomy

26
Q 
Translate the medical term hypoglycemic as literally as possible.
Select one:
a. condition of low blood sugar
b. condition of low sugar
c. disease with low blood count
d. pertaining to low blood sugar
A

d. pertaining to low blood sugar

27
Q 
Translate the medical term euglycemia as literally as possible.
Select one:
a. condition of bad blood sugar
b. pertaining to bad sugar
c. pertaining to normal blood sugar
d. condition of good sugar
A

c. pertaining to normal blood sugar

28
Q

Translate the medical term adrenomegaly as literally as possible.
Select one:
a. abnormal enlargement of the adrenal gland
b. formation of the adrenal gland
c. enlargement of a gland
d. formation of a gland

A

a. abnormal enlargement of the adrenal gland

29
Q

Translate the medical term adenocarcinoma as literally as possible.
Select one:
a. cancerous tumor originating in the cortex of the adrenal gland
b. tumor of the adrenal gland
c. cancerous tumor of a gland
d. disease of a gland

A

c. cancerous tumor of a gland

30
Q

Translate the medical term hyperparathyroidism as literally as possible.
Select one:
a. overproduction by the parathyroid glands
b. overproduction by the thyroid gland
c. underproduction by the parathyroid glands
d. underproduction by the thyroid gland

A

a. overproduction by the parathyroid glands

31
Q 
Translate the medical term insulinoma.
Select one:
a. insulin condition
b. insulin production (formation of insulin)
c. overproduction of insulin
d. tumor that secretes insulin
A

d. tumor that secretes insulin

32
Q 
Translate the medical term thyroidotoxin.
Select one:
a. death of the thyroid
b. degeneration of the thyroid
c. formation of thyroid hormone
d. poison of the thyroid
A

d. poison of the thyroid

33
Q 
Pituitary dwarfism and pituitary gigantism are both caused by improper secretions from the pituitary gland that affects a person's
Select one:
a. storage of fat.
b. development of sex organs.
c. digestion.
d. height.
A

d. height.

34
Q 
A patient with exophthalmos has
Select one:
a. hypothyroidism.
b. hyperthyroidism. 
c. hypoparathyroidism.
d. hyperparathyroidism.
A

b. hyperthyroidism.

35
Q 
Epinephrine is a hormone secreted by the
Select one:
a. adrenal gland. 
b. pancreas.
c. pituitary gland.
d. thymus.
A

a. adrenal gland.

36
Q 
A pituitary infarction is
Select one:
a. a tumor on the pituitary gland.
b. the absence of the pituitary gland.
c. the death of the pituitary gland. 
d. the malfunctioning of the pituitary gland.
A

c. the death of the pituitary gland.

37
Q

Read the patient’s health information: Mrs. Moon returned to the clinic today to discuss her blood tests. She first came to the office with a chief complaint of amenorrhea. She had also noticed a hump developing on the back of her neck, recent weight gain, and hirsutism. Which of the following is an accurate interpretation of the patient’s health information?
Select one:
a. Mrs. Moon first came to the clinic with a chief complaint of a lack of a menstrual flow and a growth of facial hair.
b. Mrs. Moon first came to the clinic with a chief complaint of an excessive development of breast tissue and a goiter.
c. Mrs. Moon first came to the clinic with a chief complaint of an excessive menstrual flow and an excessive growth of facial hair.
d. Mrs. Moon first came to the clinic with a chief complaint of an excessive secretion of the sex glands and a goiter.

A

a. Mrs. Moon first came to the clinic with a chief complaint of a lack of a menstrual flow and a growth of facial hair.

38
Q

Read the patient’s health information: Tests revealed low ACTH, increased cortisol, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia. Which of the following statements is an accurate interpretation of the patient’s health information?
Select one:
a. Tests revealed low adrenaline, cortisol, thyroxin, hemoglobin, fat, and sugar in her blood.
b. Tests reveal low adrenocoricothyrotoxins, increased cortisol, and excessive fat and sugar in the blood.
c. Tests revealed low adrenocorticotropic hormone, excessive fat, and sugar in the blood.
d. Tests revealed low growth hormones, but increased fat, calcium, and sugar in her blood.

A

c. Tests revealed low adrenocorticotropic hormone, excessive fat, and sugar in the blood.

39
Q

Read the following excerpt from a patient’s health record: Labs: Mildly elevated TSH and low T4. Calcium-normal. According to the patient’s lab results, he has
Select one:
a. mildly elevated triiodothyronine and low thyroxine.
b. mildly elevated thyrotropin and low triiodothyronine.
c. mildly elevated thyrotropin and low thyroxine.
d. mildly elevated thyroxine and low triiodothyronine.

A

c. mildly elevated thyrotropin and low thyroxine.

40
Q 
The development of male secondary sexual characteristics caused by excessive secretion of the adrenal gland is called
Select one:
a. acromegaly.
b. goiter.
c. adrenal virilism. 
d. hyperadrenalism.
A

c. adrenal virilism.

41
Q 
A condition of excessive thirst is called
Select one:
a. hyperdipsia.
b. polydipsia. 
c. diaphoresis.
d. polydipsosis.
A

b. polydipsia.

42
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term endocrinologist?
Select one:
a. endo (outside) + crino (secretion) + logist (specialist in the study of)
b. endo (inside) + crino (secretion) + logist (specialist in the study of)
c. end (inside) + ocrino (secretion) + log (study) +ist (specialist)
d. end (outside) + crino (secretion) + log (study) + ist (specialist)

A

b. endo (inside) + crino (secretion) + logist (specialist in the study of)

43
Q 
Which of the following terms, if observed in a patient’s health record, would indicate a normal functioning thyroid gland?
Select one:
a. dysthyroid
b. hypothyroid
c. hyperthyroid
d. euthyroid
A

d. euthyroid

44
Q 
Build a medical term that means inflammation of the pancreas.
Select one:
a. pancrea + titis 
b. pancreas + itis
c. pancreat + itis
d. pancrea + itis
A

c. pancreat + itis

45
Q 
Translate the medical term hypophysectomy.
Select one:
a. removal of the hypophys
b. incision above the pituitary gland
c. enlargement of the pituitary gland
d. removal of the pituitary gland
A

d. removal of the pituitary gland

46
Q 
The suffix -tropin means
Select one:
a. to turn.
b. formation.
c. development.
d. stimulating hormone.
A

d. stimulating hormone.

47
Q 
Type 2 diabetes mellitus can be abbreviated as
Select one:
a. NIDDM. 
b. IDDM.
c. GTT.
d. CSII.
A

a. NIDDM.

48
Q 
Translate the medical termadrenalitis.
Select one:
a. incision into a gland
b. inflammation of a gland
c. infection of a gland
d. inflammation of the adrenal gland
A

d. inflammation of the adrenal gland

49
Q 
The abbreviation for a test to evaluate a patient’s thyroid gland activity is a(n)
Select one:
a. TFT.
b. GTT.
c. TSH. 
d. ACTH.
A

a. TFT.

50
Q 
Type 1 diabetes mellitus can be abbreviated as
Select one:
a. NIDDM.
b. IDDM. 
c. GTT.
d. CSII.
A

b. IDDM.

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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