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Medical Terminology > The Respiratory System > Flashcards

The Respiratory System Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Which of the following roots pertains to the upper respiratory system?

Select one:

a. adenoid/o
b. capn/o
c. lob/o
d. phren/o

A

a. adenoid/o

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2
Q

Which of the following roots mean the throat, the pathway used for both food and air?

Select one:

a. laryng/o
b. palat/o
c. pharyng/o
d. tonsill/o

A

c. pharyng/o

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3
Q

Which of the following roots mean windpipe?

Select one:

a. palat/o
b. pharyng/o
c. tonsill/o
d. trache/o

A

d. trache/o

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4
Q

Which of the following roots refers to a well-defined portion of any organ?

Select one:

a. capn/o
b. lob/o
c. sept/o
d. sinus/o

A

b. lob/o

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5
Q

Which of the following roots refers to the main branch from the trachea into each lung?

Select one:

a. bronch/o
b. bronchiol/o
c. laryng/o
d. alveol/o

A

a. bronch/o

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6
Q

Identify the correct translation for the root nas/o.

Select one:

a. gland
b. hollow or cavity
c. mouth
d. nose

A

d. nose

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7
Q

Identify the correct translation for the root or/o.

Select one:

a. adenoid
b. hollow or cavity
c. mouth
d. nose

A

c. mouth

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8
Q

Identify the correct translation for the root pneumat/o.

Select one:

a. air sac
b. breathing
c. lung
d. air or lungs

A

d. air or lungs

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9
Q

Identify the correct translation for the root phren/o.

Select one:

a. carbon dioxide
b. chest
c. diaphragm
d. membrane surrounding the lungs

A

c. diaphragm

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10
Q

Identify the correct translation for the root capn/o.

Select one:

a. breathing
b. carbon dioxide
c. chest
d. diaphragm

A

b. carbon dioxide

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11
Q

Identify and define the root in the term pansinusitis.

Select one:

a. pan-all
b. pan-both
c. sinus-sinus
d. itis-disease

A

c. sinus-sinus

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12
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown of the term hyperventilation into its component parts?

Select one:

a. hyper/ventil/ation
b. hyperventila/tion
c. hyper/ven/tilation
d. hyper/ven/tila/tion

A

a. hyper/ventil/ation

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13
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown of the term atelectasis into its component parts?

Select one:

a. atelectas/is
b. a/telectasis
c. a/tel/ectasis
d. a/telecta/sis

A

c. a/tel/ectasis

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14
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the term hypopnea?

Select one:

a. hypo (good) + pnea (breathing) = breathing good
b. hypo (over) + pnea (breathing) = breathing heavy
c. hypo (slow) + pnea (breathing) = breathing slow
d. hypo (under) + pnea (breathing) = breathing shallow

A

d. hypo (under) + pnea (breathing) = breathing shallow

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15
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the term pleurodynia?

Select one:

a. pleuro (pleura) + dynia (pain) = pain in the pleura
b. pleuro (ribs) + dynia (pain) = pain in the ribs
c. pleuro (lung) + dynia (pain) = pain in the lung
d. pleuro (chest) + dynia (pain) = pain in the chest

A

a. pleuro (pleura) + dynia (pain) = pain in the pleura

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16
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the term pulmonary edema?

Select one:

a. pulmon (airway) + ary (pertaining to) + edema (narrowing) = narrowing pertaining to the airway
b. pulmon (airway) + ary (pertaining to) + edema (swelling) = swelling pertaining to the airway
c. pulmon (lung) + ary (pertaining to) + edema (narrowing) = narrowing pertaining to the lungs
d. pulmon (lung) + ary (pertaining to) + edema (swelling) = swelling pertaining to the lungs

A

d. pulmon (lung) + ary (pertaining to) + edema (swelling) = swelling pertaining to the lungs

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17
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the term hypocapnia?

Select one:

a. hypo (over) + capn (breathing) + ia (condition) = condition of heavy breathing
b. hypo (over) + capn (carbon dioxide) + ia (condition) = condition of excessive carbon dioxide
c. hypo (under) + capn (carbon dioxide) + ia (condition) = condition of insufficient carbon dioxide
d. hypo (under) + capn (breathing) + ia (condition) = condition of shallow breathing

A

c. hypo (under) + capn (carbon dioxide) + ia (condition) = condition of insufficient carbon dioxide

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18
Q

Translate the medical term eupnea as literally as possible.

Select one:

a. breathing fast
b. breathing normal
c. breathing heavy
d. breathing slow

A

b. breathing normal

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19
Q

Translate the medical term pleuralgia.

Select one:

a. disease of the pleura
b. inflammation of the pleura
c. pain in the pleura
d. removal of the pleura

A

c. pain in the pleura

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20
Q

Translate the medical term phrenoplegia.

Select one:

a. pain in the diaphragm
b. paralysis of the diaphragm
c. inflammation of the pleura
d. swelling of the pleura

A

b. paralysis of the diaphragm

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21
Q

Translate the medical term pneumohemothorax as literally as possible.

Select one:

a. air and blood in the chest
b. blood in the lungs and chest
c. hernia of the airway into the chest
d. hernia of the lung into the chest

A

a. air and blood in the chest

22
Q

Translate the medical term capnometer.

Select one:

a. analysis of the gases (carbon dioxide and oxygen) in the blood
b. instrument to measure breathing
c. instrument to measure carbon dioxide levels
d. procedure to measure breathing

A

c. instrument to measure carbon dioxide levels

23
Q

Translate the medical term spirometry.

Select one:

a. analysis of the gases (carbon dioxide and oxygen) in the blood
b. instrument to measure breathing
c. instrument to measure carbon dioxide levels
d. procedure to measure breathing

A

d. procedure to measure breathing

24
Q

Translate the medical term bronchiogenic carcinoma.
Select one:
a. inflammation of the lungs originating in the bronchi
b. cancerous tumor beginning in the bronchi
c. disease of the bronchi
d. reconstruction of the bronchi

A

b. cancerous tumor beginning in the bronchi

25
Q

Translate the medical term tonsillitis.

Select one:

a. inflammation of the tonsil
b. pain in the tonsil
c. reconstruction of the tonsil
d. swelling of the tonsil

A

a. inflammation of the tonsil

26
Q

Translate the medical term rhinitis.

Select one:

a. disease of the nose
b. inflammation of the nose
c. pain in the nose
d. inflammation of the sinus

A

b. inflammation of the nose

27
Q

Translate the medical term pleuropexy.

Select one:

a. fixation of the pleura
b. incision into the pleura
c. removal of the pleura
d. separation of the pleura

A

a. fixation of the pleura

28
Q

Translate the medical term pneumonectomy.

Select one:

a. removal of the chest
b. incision into the lung
c. puncture of the lung
d. removal of a lung

A

d. removal of a lung

29
Q

Build a medical term that means involuntary contraction of the diaphragm (also known as the hiccups).

Select one:

a. bronchio + spasm
b. phreno + spasm
c. broncho + spasm
d. phreno + plegia

A

b. phreno + spasm

30
Q

Build a medical term that means chest pain.

Select one:

a. pleuro + dynia
b. pneumon + itis
c. thorac + algia
d. trache + it is

A

c. thorac + algia

31
Q

Build a medical term that means blood in the chest.

Select one:

a. hemo + thorax
b. pneumo + coni + osis
c. pneumo + hemo + thorax
d. pneumo + thorax

A

a. hemo + thorax

32
Q

Build a medical term that means procedure to measure oxygen levels.

Select one:

a. oxi + metry
b. poly + somno + graphy
c. pulmon + ary angio + graphy
d. pulmon + ary function testing

A

a. oxi + metry

33
Q

Build a medical term that means inflammation in the lung.

Select one:

a. bronchiol + itis
b. pleur + itis
c. pneumon + itis
d. trache + it is

A

c. pneumon + itis

34
Q

Build a medical term that means incision into the windpipe.

Select one:

a. palato + plasty
b. tonsill + ectomy
c. tracheo + stomy
d. tracheo + tomy

A

d. tracheo + tomy

35
Q

Which of the following medical terms refers to a drug that prevents coughing?

Select one:

a. antitussive
b. bronchodilator
c. expectorant
d. mucolytic

A

a. antitussive

36
Q

Which of the following statements best defines the medical term expectoration?

Select one:

a. coughing or spitting material out of the lungs
b. coughing or spitting material out of the lungs
c. discharge from the bronchi
d. discharge of bloody material from the lungs

A

a. coughing or spitting material out of the lungs

37
Q

Which of the following statements best describes the medical condition emphysema?

Select one:

a. a disease that causes the alveoli to lose elasticity
b. a disease causing fluid to pour out of the lungs into the chest
c. a disease characterized by pus inside the chest
d. a disease causing swelling in the lungs

A

a. a disease that causes the alveoli to lose elasticity

38
Q

The best definition for the abbreviation OSA is

Select one:

a. a lung disorder caused by a blockage.
b. a lung disorder caused by limited amounts of air entering the lungs.
c. a condition where the patient ceases to breathe while asleep.
d. a procedure for recording pulmonary blood vessel activity.

A

c. a condition where the patient ceases to breathe while asleep.

39
Q

Which of the following abbreviations refers to a blockage in the pulmonary blood supply?

Select one:

a. CTA
b. ET
c. OSA
d. PE

A

d. PE

40
Q

Which of the following abbreviations refers to a group of tests used to evaluate the condition and operation of the lungs?

Select one:

a. CT
b. CXR
c. PFT
d. PSG

A

c. PFT

41
Q

Which of the following abbreviations refers to a method of artificially maintaining blood flow and airflow when breathing and pulse have stopped?

Select one:

a. CPR
b. CTA
c. OSA
d. PSG

A

a. CPR

42
Q

Which of the following abbreviations refers to a treatment for apnea involving keeping a patient’s airways open using air pressure delivered via a face mask?

Select one:

a. CPAP
b. CPR
c. CTA
d. OSA

A

a. CPAP

43
Q

Read this excerpt from a patient’s health record: “The patient is a 4-month-old with a 3-day history of nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, and a dry cough. He has been wheezing for the past 2 days and his congestion is getting worse. He has had a fever up to 103.4°F. His parents say he has not had any apnea, cyanosis, or dyspnea.” Which of the following is a symptom exhibited by the patient?

Select one:

a. a bluish color in the skin caused by insufficient oxygen
b. a bloody nose
c. difficulty breathing
d. runny nose

A

d. runny nose

44
Q

The following note was posted in a patient’s Past Medical History: “Cystic fibrosis; bronchiectasis.” Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the underlined medical term?

Select one:

a. bronchi (bronchiole) + ec (out) + tas (cough) + is (condition) = condition where the patient is coughing a substance from the bronchiole
b. bronchi (bronchiole) + ectasis (expansion) = expansion of the bronchiole
c. bronchi (bronchus) + ec (out) + tas (cough) + is (condition) = condition where the patient is coughing a substance from the bronchi
d. bronchi (bronchus) + ectasis (expansion) = expansion of the bronchi

A

d. bronchi (bronchus) + ectasis (expansion) = expansion of the bronchi

45
Q

The pathology report reads, “Thoracoscopy with biopsy was done under sedation in the surgical suite. The biopsy sample was sent to the pathology lab where the results showed bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.” Which of the following is the correct interpretation of the biopsy results?

Select one:

a. The patient has a cancerous tumor of the bronchiole and alveoli.
b. The patient has a cancerous tumor originating in the bronchi.
c. The patient has a lung disorder caused by a tumor.
d. The patient needs to have a procedure to create an opening in his chest.

A

a. The patient has a cancerous tumor of the bronchiole and alveoli.

46
Q

Which of the following is the correct root and definition in the medical term orthopnea?

Select one:

a. orth- straight
b. or- shallow
c. ortho- straight
d. opnea- breathing

A

c. ortho- straight

47
Q

The translation of the medical term cyanosis is

Select one:

a. low oxygen levels.
b. condition of blue.
c. pertaining to blue,
d. difficulty breathing.

A

b. condition of blue.

48
Q

Build a medical term that means air in the chest.

Select one:

a. pneumo (air)+ thorax (chest)
b. pneumo (air)+ thorax (chest)
c. pneumatico (air) + thorax (chest)
d. pulmono (air)+ thorax (chest)

A

a. pneumo (air)+ thorax (chest)

49
Q

The medical term for a condition of low oxygen is

Select one:

a. hypocarbia.
b. hypocapnia.
c. hypoxemia.
d. hypoxia

A

d. hypoxia

50
Q

The medical term that means incision into the chest is

Select one:

a. pulmonotomy.
b. pneumonectomy.
c. thoracotomy
d. pneumonotomy.

A

c. thoracotomy

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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