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Medical Terminology > The Nervous and Sensory Systems > Flashcards

The Nervous and Sensory Systems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Translate the suffix -paresis.

Select one:

a. paralysis
b. feeling, sensation
c. know
d. slight or partial paralysis

A

d. slight or partial paralysis

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2
Q

Translate the root gnosi/o.

Select one:

a. feeling, sensation
b. know
c. mind
d. sleep

A

b. know

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3
Q

Which root(s) refer to the entire membrane surrounding the brain and spinal cord?

Select one:

a. dur/o
b. gangli/o
c. mening/o, meningi/o
d. myel/o

A

c. mening/o, meningi/o

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4
Q

Which of the following roots is associated with the function of the nervous system (as opposed to the structure of the nervous system)?

Select one:

a. cerebr/o
b. crani/o
c. encephal/o
d. psych/o

A

d. psych/o

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5
Q

Which syllable receives the emphasis in the term neurasthenia?

Select one:

a. 1st: neur
b. 2nd: as
c. 3rd: then
d. 4th: i

A

c. 3rd: then

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6
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown of the medical term encephalomyelitis into its component parts?

Select one:

a. encephalo/myelitis
b. encephalo/myel/itis
c. en/cephalo/myel/itis
d. en/cephalo/mye/lit/is

A

b. encephalo/myel/itis

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7
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term hydrophobia?

Select one:

a. hydro (heights) + phobia (excessive fear) = fear of heights
b. hydro (light) + phobia (excessive fear) = fear of light
c. hydro (marketplace) + phobia (excessive fear) = fear of open spaces
d. hydro (water) + phobia (excessive fear) = fear of water

A

d. hydro (water) + phobia (excessive fear) = fear of water

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8
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term anesthetic?

Select one:

a. an (against) + esthestic (feeling, emotion) = a drug that calms emotional responses
b. an (bad) + esthestic (feeling, sensation) = a drug that prevents bad feelings or unpleasant sensations
c. an (in, inside) + esthestic (movement) = a drug that creates movement inside the body
d. an (not) + esthestic (feeling, sensation) = a drug that causes loss of sensation

A

d. an (not) + esthestic (feeling, sensation) = a drug that causes loss of sensation

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9
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term neurolysis?
Select one:
a. neuro (nerve) + lysis (incision) = incision into a nerve
b. neuro (nerve) + lysis (loose) = destruction of nerve tissue
c. neuro (nerve) + lysis (reconstruction) = reconstruction of a nerve
d. neuro (nerve) + lysis (removal) = removal of a nerve

A

b. neuro (nerve) + lysis (loose) = destruction of nerve tissue

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10
Q

Build a medical term that means head pain.

Select one:

a. cephalalgia
b. dysesthesia
c. encephalalgia
d. neurodynia

A

a. cephalalgia

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11
Q

Build a medical term that means nerve tumor.

Select one:

a. neuritis
b. neuroma
c. neuromalacia
d. neurosclerosis

A

b. neuroma

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12
Q

Build a medical term that means study of the mind.

Select one:

a. neurosis
b. psychology
c. psychopathy
d. psychopharmacology

A

b. psychology

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13
Q

Build a medical term that means reconstruction of a nerve.

Select one:

a. neurectomy
b. neurolysis
c. neuroplasty
d. neurorrhaphy

A

c. neuroplasty

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14
Q

Translate the medical term myelomeningocele as literally as possible.

Select one:

a. Condition of the spinal cord and meninges
b. Condition of the spinal cord and its muscles
c. Hernia of the spinal cord and meninges
d. Hernia of the spinal cord and its muscles

A

c. Hernia of the spinal cord and meninges

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15
Q

Translate the medical term cerebral palsy as literally as possible.

Select one:

a. Pertaining to brain paralysis: paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement
b. Pertaining to brain partial paralysis: partial paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement
c. Pertaining to nerve paralysis: paralysis caused by damage to the nerves
d. Pertaining to nerve partial paralysis: partial paralysis caused by damage to the nerves

A

a. Pertaining to brain paralysis: paralysis caused by damage to the area of the brain responsible for movement

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16
Q

A loss or decline in mental function is called

Select one:

a. aphasia
b. catatonia
c. dementia
d. dyslexia

A

c. dementia

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17
Q

Which of the following procedures is used to examine the electrical activity of the brain?

Select one:

a. cerebral angiography
b. echoencephalography
c. electroencephalography
d. magnetic resonance angiography

A

c. electroencephalography

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18
Q

A _________________ anesthetic causes a complete loss of consciousness.

Select one:

a. general
b. local
c. regional
d. topical

A

a. general

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19
Q

Which of following statements most accurately describes a PET scan?

Select one:

a. A procedure used to examine the blood vessels
b. A procedure used to examine the spinal cord
c. An imaging procedure that uses radiation to produce cross sections of the brain
d. An imaging technique that produces an image of the brain using sound waves sent through the skull

A

c. An imaging procedure that uses radiation to produce cross sections of the brain

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20
Q

The medical term for an inflammation of the spinal cord is

Select one:

a. meningitis.
b. encephalitis.
c. spinalitis.
d. myelitis.

A

d. myelitis.

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21
Q

An image of the spinal cord, usually done using an x-ray is a

Select one:

a. CT scan.
b. myelogram.
c. PET.
d. LP.

A

b. myelogram.

22
Q 
A type of stroke in which the blood supply to the brain is cut off due to a blockage is called a(n) \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_stroke.
Select one:
a. ischemic 
b. transient
c. hemorrhagic
d. intracerebral
A

a. ischemic

23
Q

_________ is an eating disorder characterized by overeating followed by forced vomiting.

Select one:

a. Anorexia
b. Neurosis
c. Schizophrenia
d. Bulimia

A

d. Bulimia

24
Q

Translate the root in the medical term anorexia.

Select one:

a. condition
b. no
c. hunger
d. appetite

A

d. appetite

25
Q

Translate the root in the medical term pyromania.

Select one:

a. fear
b. excessive desire
c. pus
d. fire

A

d. fire

26
Q

Translate the root salping/o as it relates to the ear.

Select one:

a. eardrum
b. Eustachian tube
c. hearing condition
d. mastoid process

A

b. Eustachian tube

27
Q

Identify and define the roots in the medical term dacryolith.

Select one:

a. dacryo- eyelid; lith - formation
b. dacryo- tear, lith - stone
c. dacryo- lens; lith - cloudiness
d. dacryo- tear; lith - formation

A

b. dacryo- tear, lith - stone

28
Q

Identify the correct pronunciation of the medical term otoscope.

Select one:

a. AW-toh-skohp
b. AW-tuh-skohp
c. OH-toh-skohp
d. OH-too-skohp

A

c. OH-toh-skohp

29
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term dacryohemorrhea?

Select one:

a. dacryo (eyelid) + hemo (water) + rrhea (discharge) = fluid buildup on the eyelid
b. dacryo (eye) + hemo (blood) + rrhea (discharge) = blood in the eye
c. dacryo (lens) + hemo (water) + rrhea (discharge) = water on the lens of the eye
d. dacryo (tear) + hemo (blood) + rrhea (discharge) = discharge of blood in the tears

A

d. dacryo (tear) + hemo (blood) + rrhea (discharge) = discharge of blood in the tears

30
Q 
Build a medical term that means eye paralysis.
Select one:
a. cycloplegia
b. miosis
c. ophthalmalgia
d. ophthalmoplegia
A

d. ophthalmoplegia

31
Q

Translate the medical term xerophthalmia as literally as possible.

Select one:

a. condition of dry ears
b. condition of dry eyes
c. condition of dryness of the cornea
d. condition of ear pain

A

b. condition of dry eyes

32
Q

Which of the following are problems or complaints related to the inner ear?

Select one:

a. cycloplegia, vertigo
b. otorrhea, tinnitus
c. presbycusis, vertigo
d. tinnitus, vertigo

A

d. tinnitus, vertigo

33
Q

Build a medical term that means condition of ear wax.

Select one:

a. cerumenolysis
b. ceruminolytic
c. ceruminosis
d. dacryocystitis

A

c. ceruminosis

34
Q

Translate the term audiogram as literally as possible.

Select one:

a. hearing record
b. instrument for recording the ear
c. instrument for recording hearing
d. record of the ear

A

a. hearing record

35
Q

Build a medical term that means inflammation of the conjunctiva.

Select one:

a. blepharitis
b. conjunctivitis
c. iridokeratitis
d. keratitis

A

b. conjunctivitis

36
Q

Select the correct definition for the term otosclerosis.

Select one:

a. buildup of earwax blocking the ear canal
b. hearing loss caused by sound not being transmitted from the inner ear to the brain
c. hearing loss caused by sound not getting to the middle/inner ear
d. hearing loss caused by the hardening of the bones in the middle ear

A

d. hearing loss caused by the hardening of the bones in the middle ear

37
Q

_________hearing loss is caused by sound not being transmitted from the inner ear to the brain as a result of problems with the sensory organs or nerves.

Select one:

a. Cerumen impaction
b. Conductive
c. Otosclerotic
d. Sensorineural

A

d. Sensorineural

38
Q

_________hearing loss is caused by sound not getting to the middle/inner ear due to blockages.

Select one:

a. Acoustic
b. Cerumen impaction
c. Conductive
d. Otosclerotic

A

c. Conductive

39
Q

Build a medical term that means reconstruction of the eardrum.

Select one:

a. blepharoplasty
b. myringoplasty
c. oculoplasty
d. otoplasty

A

b. myringoplasty

40
Q

Translate the term iridectomy as literally as possible

Select one:

a. removal of the ciliary body
b. removal of the eardrum
c. removal of the iris
d. removal of the tear sac

A

c. removal of the iris

41
Q

Which abbreviation would be used to refer to both ears?

Select one:

a. AD
b. AS
c. AU
d. AOM

A

c. AU

42
Q

The root in the medical term amblyopia translates as

Select one:

a. dull.
b. gray.
c. outward.
d. vision condition.

A

a. dull.

43
Q

Build a medical term which means eyelid paralysis.

Select one:

a. blepharo + plasty
b. blepharo + paresis
c. blepharo + plegia
d. blepharo + acusis

A

c. blepharo + plegia

44
Q

An instrument for measuring hearing is a(n)

Select one:

a. audiogram.
b. audioscope.
c. audiometer.
d. audiometry.

A

c. audiometer.

45
Q

What is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term nasolacrimal?

Select one:

a. naso (nose) + lacri (tears) + mal (bad) = bad nose and tears
b. naso (nose) + lac (tear) + rim (duct) + al (pertaining to) = pertaining to nose and tear duct
c. naso (nose) + lacrim (tear) + al (pertaining to) = pertaining to the nose and tears
d. nas (nose) + olac (tears) + rim (duct) + al (condition) = condition of nose and tear duct

A

c. naso (nose) + lacrim (tear) + al (pertaining to) = pertaining to the nose and tears

46
Q

A wing-like growth of conjunctival tissue extending to the cornea is a(n)

Select one:

a. pterygium
b. blepharoptosis.
c. nystagmus.
d. exophthalmos.

A

a. pterygium

47
Q

An instrument used to measure intraocular pressure is a(n)

Select one:

a. oculometer.
b. tonometer.
c. audiometer.
d. retinometer.

A

b. tonometer.

48
Q

__________ is a condition in which the lens of the eye becomes opaque.

Select one:

a. Aeroitis
b. Cataract
c. audiometer
d. retinometer.

A

b. Cataract

49
Q

The medical term for swimmer’s ear is

Select one:

a. otitis externa.
b. otitis media.
c. myringitis.
d. otomycosis.

A

a. otitis externa.

50
Q

The medical term retinopexy translates as

Select one:

a. disease of the retina.
b. surgical fixation of the retina.
c. detached retina.
d. suture of the retina.

A

b. surgical fixation of the retina.

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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