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Medical Terminology > The Blood, Lymphatic, and Cardiovascular Systems > Flashcards

The Blood, Lymphatic, and Cardiovascular Systems Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Which of the following roots refers to the bone marrow?

Select one:

a. lymph/o
b. marr/o
c. myel/o
d. oste/o

A

c. myel/o

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2
Q

Choose the correct translation of the root hemat/o.

Select one:

a. blood condition
b. blood
c. clotting
d. deficiency

A

b. blood

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3
Q

Identify and define the root in the medical term hemoptysis.

Select one:

a. hemo- blood
b. op- eye
c. ptysis- coughing
d. -is condition

A

a. hemo- blood

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4
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term pancytopenia?

Select one:

a. pan (few) + cyto (blood) + penia (deficiency) = deficiency of several types of blood cells
b. pan (many) + cyto (blood) + penia (excess) = excessive numbers of blood cells
c. pan (all) + cyto (cell) + penia (deficiency) = deficiency of all blood cells
d. pan (many) + cyto (cell) + penia (excess) = excessive numbers of many types of blood cells

A

c. pan (all) + cyto (cell) + penia (deficiency) = deficiency of all blood cells

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5
Q

Translate the medical term hemorrhage.

Select one:

a. condition in which the blood doesn’t clot
b. drug that stops the flow of blood
c. bursting forth of blood
d. mass of blood within an organ, cavity, or tissue

A

c. bursting forth of blood

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6
Q

Translate the medical term lymphocyte as literally as possible.

Select one:

a. clotting cell
b. lymph cell
c. normal cell
d. red cell

A

b. lymph cell

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7
Q

Translate the term tonsillectomy.

Select one:

a. incision into a tonsil
b. presence of a tonsil
c. inflammation of a tonsil
d. surgical removal of a tonsil

A

d. surgical removal of a tonsil

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8
Q

Build a medical term that means deficiency of lymph cells.

Select one:

a. leuko +cyto + penia
b. leuk + emia
c. lympho + cyto + penia
d. lymph + oma

A

c. lympho + cyto + penia

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9
Q

Build a medical term that means record of the study of a lymph vessel.

Select one:

a. lymph + angio +gram
b. lymph + angio + graphy
c. lymph + angio + graph
d. lymph +angio + metry

A

a. lymph + angio +gram

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10
Q

Build a medical term that means a tumor of the bone marrow.

Select one:

a. lymph + angi + oma
b. myelo + dys + plas + ia
c. myel + oma
d. osteo + myel + oma

A

c. myel + oma

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11
Q

What is the difference between a thrombus and an embolus?

Select one:

a. A thrombus is a clot of blood and is in motion. An embolus is foreign material and is stationary.
b. A thrombus is a clot of blood and is stationary. An embolus is foreign material and is in motion.
c. An embolus is a clot of blood and is in motion. A thrombus is foreign material and is stationary.
d. An embolus is a clot of blood and is stationary. A thrombus is foreign material and is in motion.

A

b. A thrombus is a clot of blood and is stationary. An embolus is foreign material and is in motion.

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12
Q

The medical term that translates as a blockage in a blood vessel caused by a mass of matter in the blood is a(n)

Select one:

a. embolism.
b. embolus.
c. thrombocyte.
d. thrombosis.

A

a. embolism.

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13
Q

Which of the following represents the best definition of aplastic anemia?

Select one:

a. anemia cause by the destruction of red blood cells
b. anemia caused by inadequate iron intake
c. anemia caused by red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities
d. anemia caused by a defective gene

A

c. anemia caused by red blood cells not being formed in sufficient quantities

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14
Q

The abbreviation IVIG refers to

Select one:

a. a drug, administered by mouth, which contains a protein that provides protection (immunity) against disease.
b. a drug, administered by mouth, which contains an iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the cells.
c. a protein, administered through a vein, which provides protection (immunity) against disease.
d. an iron-containing pigment in red blood cells that carries oxygen to the cells and is administered through a vein.

A

c. a protein, administered through a vein, which provides protection (immunity) against disease.

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15
Q

What is the correct definition for the abbreviation BMT?

Select one:

a. basic myeloid transfusion
b. bone marrow transplant
c. blood macrothrombosis
d. blood myeloid thromboplastin

A

b. bone marrow transplant

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16
Q

The following lab results were found in a patient’s Hospital Progress Note: Labs: Hgb: 9.2; WBC: 20.2; PLT: 24. PT and PTT both elevated. Which of the following statements is a correct interpretation of the data?

Select one:

a. hematocrit = 9.2; white blood count = 20.2; phagocyte count = 24; rothrombin and prothromboplastin times are elevated
b. hematocrit = 9.2; white blood count = 20.2; platelet count = 24; prothrombolysis and partial thromboplastin times are elevated
c. hemoglobin = 9.2; white blood count = 20.2; phagocyte count = 24; thromboplastin and partial thromboplasia times are elevated
d. hemoglobin = 9.2; white blood count = 20.2; platelet count = 24; prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times are elevated

A

d. hemoglobin = 9.2; white blood count = 20.2; platelet count = 24; prothrombin and partial thromboplastin times are elevated

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17
Q

Build a medical term that means specialist in the study of blood.

Select one:

a. hemato + log + ist
b. hemat + ologist
c. hemato + logist
d. hemo + log + y

A

c. hemato + logist

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18
Q

The medical term for a small bruise is

Select one:

a. hemophilia.
b. petechia.
c. ecchymosis.
d. hematoma.

A

b. petechia.

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19
Q

The medical term that translates as deficiency of platelets is

Select one:

a. leukocytopenia.
b. thrombocytosis
c. erythrocytosis.
d. thrombocytopenia.

A

d. thrombocytopenia.

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20
Q

Translate the medical termmononucleosis.

Select one:

a. condition of one nucleus
b. pertaining to one nucleus
c. condition of a large nucleus
d. pertaining to a small nucleus

A

a. condition of one nucleus

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21
Q

Build a medical term that means removal of the spleen.

Select one:

a. spleen + ectomy
b. spleno + plasty
c. spleno + stomy
d. splen + ectomy

A

d. splen + ectomy

22
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term phagocytosis?

Select one:

a. phago (eat) + cyto (cell) +sis (condition) = condition of eating cells
b. phago (eat) + cy (cell) + tosis (condition) = condition of eating cells
c. phago (eat) + cyt (cell) + osis (condition) = condition of eating cells
d. phago (eat) + cyt (cell) + osis (pertaining to) = pertaining to eating cells

A

c. phago (eat) + cyt (cell) + osis (condition) = condition of eating cells

23
Q 
The medical term that means that the immune system is incapable of responding normally and completely to a pathogen or disease is
Select one:
a.  immunosuppression.
b. immunocompromised.
c. immunodeficiency. 
d. immunoglobinopathy.
A

b. immunocompromised.

24
Q

Build a medical term that means inflammation of a lymph vessel.

Select one:

a. lymph + ang + itis
b. lympho + vascul + itis
c. lympho + vas + itis
d. lympho + angio + it is

A

a. lymph + ang + itis

25
Q

Which of the following statements regarding the translation of the medical term plateletpheresis is correct?

Select one:

a. Platelets are administered to a patient.
b. The number of platelets is reduced.
c. Platelets are separated.
d. Plasma is removed.

A

c. Platelets are separated.

26
Q

Which root literally means crown and refers to the way the blood vessels that supply the heart descend and support the heart like a crown?

Select one:

a. angi/o
b. arteri/o
c. cardi/o
d. coron/o

A

d. coron/o

27
Q

Which of the following word roots translates as a partition?

Select one:

a. sept/o
b. atri/o
c. ventricul/o
d. valvul/o

A

a. sept/o

28
Q

Translate the root phleb/o.

Select one:

a. fatty plaque
b. valve
c. vein
d. vessel

A

c. vein

29
Q

Translate the root ather/o.

Select one:

a. artery
b. fatty plaque
c. clot
d. atrium

A

b. fatty plaque

30
Q

Identify and define the root in the medical term venospasm.

Select one:

a. veno- vessel
b. veno- vein
c. spasm- dilation
d. spasm- involuntary contraction

A

b. veno- vein

31
Q

Identify and define the suffix in the medical term arteriosclerosis.

Select one:

a. scler - hard
b. sclero - hardening
c. sclerosis - condition of hardening
d. osis – condition

A

d. osis – condition

32
Q

The medical term for oppressive pain in the chest caused by irregular blood flow to the heart is

Select one:

a. angina pectoris.
b. diaphoresis
c. arrhythmia.
d. pectoralgia.

A

a. angina pectoris.

33
Q

Identify the correct definition for the medical term diaphoresis.

Select one:

a. oppressive pain in the chest caused by irregular blood flow to the heart
b. pain in a vein
c. profuse sweating
d. rapid or irregular beating of the heart

A

c. profuse sweating

34
Q

Translate the medical term phlebalgia.

Select one:

a. pain in the chest
b. pain in the heart
c. pain in a vein
d. pain in the ventricle

A

c. pain in a vein

35
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term aortolith?

Select one:

a. aorto (aorta) + lith (dilation) = dilation of the aorta
b. aorto (aorta) + lith (disease) = disease in the aorta
c. aorto (aorta) + lith (inflammation) = inflammation of the aorta
d. aorto (aorta) + lith (stone) = stone in the aorta

A

d. aorto (aorta) + lith (stone) = stone in the aorta

36
Q

Which of the following medical terms means an excessive loss of blood?

Select one:

a. hemolysis
b. hemophilia
c. hemorrhage
d. hemostatic

A

c. hemorrhage

37
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term endocardium?

Select one:

a. endo (outside) + card heart + ium (tissue) = tissue outside the heart
b. endo (through) + card heart + ium (tissue) = tissue through the heart
c. endo (upon) + card heart + ium (tissue) = tissue upon the heart
d. endo (inside) + card heart + ium (tissue) = tissue inside the heart

A

d. endo (inside) + card heart + ium (tissue) = tissue inside the heart

38
Q

Which of the following medical terms means tissue around the heart?

Select one:

a. pericardium
b. epicardium
c. myocardium
d. endocardium

A

a. pericardium

39
Q

Translate the medical term myocardium.

Select one:

a. tissue of heart muscle
b. tissue around the heart
c. tissue lining the outside of the heart
d. tissue upon the heart

A

a. tissue of heart muscle

40
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term aortogram?

Select one:

a. aorto (aorta) + gram (instrument to look) = instrument used to look at the aorta
b. aorto (aorta) + gram (instrument) = instrument used to make a record of the aorta
c. aorto (aorta) + gram (process of looking) = process of looking at the aorta
d. aorto (aorta) + gram (record) = record of the aorta

A

d. aorto (aorta) + gram (record) = record of the aorta

41
Q

Translate the medical term angiosclerosis.

Select one:

a. disease of a blood vessel
b. involuntary contraction of a blood vessel
c. condition of vessel hardening
d. softening of a blood vessel

A

c. condition of vessel hardening

42
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term arteriogram?

Select one:

a. arterio (aorta) + gram (instrument to look) = instrument used to look at the aorta
b. arterio (artery) + gram (record) = record of an artery
c. arterio (fatty plaque) + gram (process of looking) = process of looking at fatty plaques
d. arterio (vein) + gram (process of recording) = process of recording the vein

A

b. arterio (artery) + gram (record) = record of an artery

43
Q

Translate the medical term vasospasm.

Select one:

a. condition of a blood vessel
b. disease of a blood vessel
c. involuntary contraction of a vessel
d. condition of vessel hardening

A

c. involuntary contraction of a vessel

44
Q

Translate the medical term phlebotomy as literally as possible

Select one:

a. Vein incision procedure-the technical term for drawing blood
b. Vein specialist-one who draws blood
c. Vein specialist-specialist in veins
d. Study of veins

A

a. Vein incision procedure-the technical term for drawing blood

45
Q

Which of the following medical terms means rupture of an artery?

Select one:

a. arteriopathy
b. arteriorrhaphy
c. arteriorrhexis
d. arteriosclerosis

A

c. arteriorrhexis

46
Q

Which of the following medical terms means specialist in vein cutting?

Select one:

a. cardiologist
b. phlebotomist
c. phlebology
d. phlebologist

A

b. phlebotomist

47
Q

Which of the following terms describes a hardening of an artery due to the build-up of fatty plaque?

Select one:

a. arteriosclerosis
b. atherosclerosis
c. embolus
d. aneurysm

A

b. atherosclerosis

48
Q

The medical term for narrowing of the aorta is

Select one:

a. aortalgia
b. aortectasia
c. aortic stenosis.
d. aortolith

A

c. aortic stenosis.

49
Q

Which of the following medical terms means closing or blockage of a passage?

Select one:

a. embolus
b. occlusion
c. thrombus
d. venosclerosis

A

b. occlusion

50
Q

Which of the following is the correct breakdown and translation of the medical term coronary thrombosis?

Select one:

a. coron (circulation) + ary (pertaining to) + thromb (clot) + osis (condition) = condition of a clot pertaining to the circulation
b. coron (circulation) + ary (pertaining to) + thromb (fatty plaque) + osis (condition) = condition of a fatty plaque pertaining to the circulation
c. coron + ary (pertaining to) + thromb (fatty plaque) + osis (condition) = condition of fatty plaque pertaining to the heart
d. coron + ary (pertaining to) + thromb (clot) + osis (condition) = condition of a clot pertaining to the heart

A

d. coron + ary (pertaining to) + thromb (clot) + osis (condition) = condition of a clot pertaining to the heart

Medical Terminology (8 decks)

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