The Test Too

Question 1

Bladder innervation: Sympathetic?

Answer 1

Hypogastric n.

Question 2

Bladder innervation: Parasympathetic?

Answer 2

Pelvic n.

Question 3

Bladder innervation: Somatic

Answer 3

Pudendal n.

Question 4

Pelvic n: Give the muscle supplied and action on that muscle and spinal cord segments!

Answer 4

Pelvic (parasympathetic): detrusor contraction and S1-S3

Question 5

Pudendal n. (muscle supplied? and spinal cord segments?)

Answer 5

Pudendal n. (somatic) striated muscle of EUS; S1-S3

Question 6

Hypogastric n: muscle supplied? and action on muscle? and spinal cord segments?

Answer 6

Hypogastric (sympathetic): detrusor inhibition (beta adrenergic) and contraction of IUS

Question 7

What type of drug is bethanecol?

Answer 7

parasympathomimetic

Question 8

What type of drug is Phenoxybenzamine?

Answer 8

sympathetolytic

Question 9

What is Oxybutrin—

Answer 9

antispasmostic; effect directly on smooth m to allow ↑ bladder
capacity; relief of symptoms associated with detrusor instability and hyperreflexia

Question 10

Cystostomy may be performed by placing a Foley catheter (6 to 20 French [Fr]; depending on the size of the animal) via a small midline abdominal incision, through a _____________ approach (Bray et al, 2009), by __________ (Zhang et al, 2010), or percutaneously.

Answer 10

muscle-splitting inguinal approach -Bray; laparoscopy -Zhang

Question 11

Stamey Malecot catheters (10 to 14 Fr) are used for ____________ placement; however, premature removal of this catheter may occur. Therefore surgically placed Foley catheters are often preferred for long-term catheterization in ambulatory patients.

Answer 11

percutaneous

Question 12

Use of low-profile gastrostomy tubes for cystostomy in dogs and cats has been described and appears to be well tolerated. Regular gastrostomy (Pezzer; mushroom tip) tubes have also been used for ______ catheters. (name the location of placement).

Answer 12

prepubic

Question 13

The ______ _______ catheter can be removed by gentle traction within 3 or 4 days after placement without risk of urinary leakage; however, it is recommended that a ________ catheter be left in for 5 to 7 days.

Answer 13

Stamey Malecot catheter: 3-4 days. Foley catheter: 5-7 days.

Question 14

What is callotasis?

Answer 14

callotasis—induction of endochondral ossification due to slow distraction of callus; used in distraction osteogenesis for limb lengthening procedures

Question 15

What is the DuraFace pin?

Answer 15

Griffin 2011; negative-profile pin featuring a tapered thread runout that mitigates the stress–riser effect at the thread–shaft junction

Question 16

Fick’s equation?

Answer 16

O2 consumption=CO x (A-V)O2
↓PVO2=↓CO

Question 17

Fluids for uroabdomen

Answer 17

UC

Question 18

Ehrlos Danlos

Answer 18

aka cutaneous asthenia – definition

Inherited deficiency of type I or III collagen, Himalyan cats

Question 19

Dermatome-power driven, free knife vs other?

Question 20

Location of the bronchus in relationship to the pulmonary artery and vein?

Question 21

Left lung anatomy vs. Right lung anatomy?

Question 22

Osteochondromatosis? (MCE)

Question 23

Three bottle set up for thoracic pleural drainage?

Question 24

Accessory carpal bone fracture in greyhounds?

Question 25

Muscle type classifications?

Question 26

PRAA

Question 27

ASA

Question 28

Blood supply to the caudal rectum?

Question 29

Chondrocyte transplantation?>

Question 30

Pancreatic duct anatomy (dog vs. cat)?

Answer 30

In the dog the accessory pancreatic duct (duct of Santorini) enters the minor duodenal papilla and is the major contributor. The pancreatic duct (duct of Wirsung) opens at the major duodenal papilla ADJACENT to the common bile duct

In the CAT 80% have a single pancreatic duct and it fuses with the common prior to entering the MAJOR dudenal papilla

Question 31

Surgicell, gelfoam, Instat (bovine collagen mesh), hemopad (bovine collagen mesh), fibrin glue?

Question 32

Urachal diverticulum?

Question 33

Vesicularurtero reflux

Question 34

Partition coefficient-methoxy, iso, halothane (stability, rate of induction, MAC)?

Question 35

Absorbent soda lime

Question 36

What is the treatment for oral melanoma ?

Question 37

What is the prognosis for oral melanoma?

Question 38

Dermal melanoma? What are the factors that influcence malignancy? depth? size? etc

Question 39

Normal ratio of trachea in dogs? brachycephalics? English bulldogs?

Question 40

name 4 or 5 colloids and then order them from the smallest to largest size.

Question 41

The different effects of all the different colloids on coagulation?

Question 42

EEA

Question 43

GIA

Question 44

TA