The Terror

Question 1

when was Louis XVI executed?

Answer 1

20th January 1793

Question 2

between 1792-1794 how many victims of the terror were there? how many were guillotined?

Answer 2

40,000 with 17,000 guillotined

Question 3

when was the Law of Suspects? what was it?

Answer 3

17 September 1793- this defined the enemies of the people and revolution

Question 4

what were show trials?

Answer 4

public executions of high profile figures such as the king, Marie Antoinette

Question 5

how many of the executions in the first phase of the terror were nobility and clergy?

Answer 5

9% nobility and 7% clergy

Question 6

when was Marie Antoinette executed?

Answer 6

16 October 1793

Question 7

when was the revolutionary tribunal set up?

Answer 7

march 1793

Question 8

when was the summary execution decree? what was it?

Answer 8

19 march 1793- rebels bearing arms could be executed without appeal within 24 hours

Question 9

when was the committee of public safety (CPS) established? what did it do?

Answer 9

6 April 1793- had responsibility of conduct of war, diplomacy, and revolutionary laws. it had authority over the CGS

Question 10

when was Marat arrested and acquitted for inciting murder?

Answer 10

April 1793

Question 11

when did Robespierre call for a rising against corrupt deputies?

Answer 11

26 may 1793

Question 12

when were the Jacobin leaders in Lyons forced out of office?

Answer 12

29 may 1793

Question 13

when did the sans culottes surround the convention to demand the expulsion of the girondin?

Answer 13

31 May- 2 June 1793

Question 14

how many sans culottes surrounded the convention to demand expulsion? what happened?

Answer 14

2 June 1793- 80,000-100,000 S-C surrounded convention and 29 girondin deputies arrested and expelled

Question 15

how many departments protested the expulsion of the girondin?

Answer 15

60/83

Question 16

when was the Montagnard Constitution published what did it state?

Answer 16

24 June 1793- never implemented but would allow all adult males to vote ( constitution of 1793)

Question 17

When was Marat murdered?

Answer 17

13 July 1793

Question 18

when was the levee en masse decreed? what was it?

Answer 18

23 august 1793- all men aged 18-25 to give military service, women to make tents and serve in hospitals

Question 19

when did the s-c march on the convention demanding lower bread prices and attack on grain hoarders?

Answer 19

5 September 1793

Question 20

what was the s-c paramilitary armee revolutionnaire?

Answer 20

established on 9 September to force farmers to Surrender grain and attack hoarders

Question 21

when was the Law of General Maximum? what was it?

Answer 21

29 September 1793- set minimum price for grain and flour act. and imposed wage regulations

Question 22

when did dechristianisation become an official policy of Paris commune?

Answer 22

October 1793

Question 23

when was the new revolutionary calendar introduced?

Answer 23

October 1793

Question 24

when was the trial of the 21 expelled girondin?

Answer 24

24 October and were executed on 31 October 1793

Question 25

when did all Paris churches close?

Answer 25

November 1793

Question 26

when was the festival of reason held? where was it held?

Answer 26

November 1793- at the Temple of reason (Notre dame)

Question 27

when did Robespierre pass the ‘liberty of cults’? what did it do?

Answer 27

December 1793- promised religious toleration

Question 28

when did the rebellion in the vendee begin? what caused it?

Answer 28

began in march 1793 and was caused by the draft for 300,000 men in February

Question 29

when was the vendee rebellion finally suppressed?

Answer 29

December 1793

Question 30

how many people were guillotined in the vendee?

Answer 30

total of 7873 killed and many more shot without trial

Question 31

between November 1793 and January 1794 how many were executed in noyades (mass drownings)?

Answer 31

2000

Question 32

when was the first law of ventose passed? what did it do?

Answer 32

January 1794- promised patriots land from seized counter-revolutionaries

Question 33

when did Saint Just denounce the herbertists and indulgents?

Answer 33

march 1794

Question 34

when was Herbert executed?

Answer 34

24 march 1794 along with 18 of his associates

Question 35

when were the indulgents arrested? and how many were executed?

Answer 35

30 march with 1000 being executed between march and June 1794

Question 36

when were Danton and Desmoulins executed?

Answer 36

5 April 1794 along with 13 associates

Question 37

when were all provincial revolutionary tribunals shut down?

Answer 37

8 may 1794 and all political prisoners transferred to Paris

Question 38

when was Law of 22 Prairial? what did it state?

Answer 38

10 June 1794-

• all trials to be no longer than 3 days with no defence.
• two verdicts, acquittal or death

Question 39

how long did the great terror last?

Answer 39

10 June- 26 July 1794

Question 40

how many death sentences did the revolutionary tribunal give out in the great terror and how many acquittals?

Answer 40

1284 death sentences and 182 acquittals

Question 41

who were the victims of the great terror?

Answer 41

• nobility 35%
• clergy 25%
• bourgeoise 40%

Question 42

when was the maximum wage set in Paris?

Answer 42

23 July 1794

Question 43

when was the decree for Robespierre’s arrest?

Answer 43

27 July (9 Thermidor) 1794

Question 44

when was the overthrow of Robespierre?

Answer 44

(10 Thermidor) 28 July 1794- he was found guilty and executed along with 22 associates

Question 45

what was examples of dechristianisation?

Answer 45

religious statues, street crosses, other ornaments were removed. the figures on the Notre dame were all beheaded, street names were changed

Question 46

when was the Law of 14 Frimaire? what was it?

Answer 46

4 December 1793- gave CPS direct power over minister, generals, and local government

Question 47

what views did Danton and Desmoulins have?

Answer 47

they suggested it was time for the terror to be scaled back.

Question 48

what were the views of Herbert?

Answer 48

he wrote radical pamphlets which accused Robespierre of setting up a dictatorship and called upon the s-c to raise up against him

Question 49

what was the fall of Robespierre called?

Answer 49

The Coup de Thermidor

Question 50

how many of the commune were killed after Robespierre’s execution?

Answer 50

87/95 commune members killed

Question 51

Was the terror successful?

Answer 51

ultimately no as Robespierre was overthrown

Question 52

when was the Amoire de fer discovered? what was it?

Answer 52

20 November 1792, was a box of letters from Louis to Austria which was evidence of counter revolution

Question 53

What were the federalist revolts? When were they?

Answer 53

The reaction by those who had supported the girondins to their expulsion
Jacobin leaders in Lyon forced out of office and the protest of 60 departments

Question 54

When were the federalist revolts?

Answer 54

Began in early June 1793 as reaction to girondins expulsion