The Terror Flashcards
when was Louis XVI executed?
20th January 1793
between 1792-1794 how many victims of the terror were there? how many were guillotined?
40,000 with 17,000 guillotined
when was the Law of Suspects? what was it?
17 September 1793- this defined the enemies of the people and revolution
what were show trials?
public executions of high profile figures such as the king, Marie Antoinette
how many of the executions in the first phase of the terror were nobility and clergy?
9% nobility and 7% clergy
when was Marie Antoinette executed?
16 October 1793
when was the revolutionary tribunal set up?
march 1793
when was the summary execution decree? what was it?
19 march 1793- rebels bearing arms could be executed without appeal within 24 hours
when was the committee of public safety (CPS) established? what did it do?
6 April 1793- had responsibility of conduct of war, diplomacy, and revolutionary laws. it had authority over the CGS
when was Marat arrested and acquitted for inciting murder?
April 1793
when did Robespierre call for a rising against corrupt deputies?
26 may 1793
when were the Jacobin leaders in Lyons forced out of office?
29 may 1793
when did the sans culottes surround the convention to demand the expulsion of the girondin?
31 May- 2 June 1793
how many sans culottes surrounded the convention to demand expulsion? what happened?
2 June 1793- 80,000-100,000 S-C surrounded convention and 29 girondin deputies arrested and expelled
how many departments protested the expulsion of the girondin?
60/83
when was the Montagnard Constitution published what did it state?
24 June 1793- never implemented but would allow all adult males to vote ( constitution of 1793)
When was Marat murdered?
13 July 1793
when was the levee en masse decreed? what was it?
23 august 1793- all men aged 18-25 to give military service, women to make tents and serve in hospitals
when did the s-c march on the convention demanding lower bread prices and attack on grain hoarders?
5 September 1793
what was the s-c paramilitary armee revolutionnaire?
established on 9 September to force farmers to Surrender grain and attack hoarders
when was the Law of General Maximum? what was it?
29 September 1793- set minimum price for grain and flour act. and imposed wage regulations
when did dechristianisation become an official policy of Paris commune?
October 1793
when was the new revolutionary calendar introduced?
October 1793
when was the trial of the 21 expelled girondin?
24 October and were executed on 31 October 1793
when did all Paris churches close?
November 1793
when was the festival of reason held? where was it held?
November 1793- at the Temple of reason (Notre dame)
when did Robespierre pass the ‘liberty of cults’? what did it do?
December 1793- promised religious toleration
when did the rebellion in the vendee begin? what caused it?
began in march 1793 and was caused by the draft for 300,000 men in February
when was the vendee rebellion finally suppressed?
December 1793
how many people were guillotined in the vendee?
total of 7873 killed and many more shot without trial
between November 1793 and January 1794 how many were executed in noyades (mass drownings)?
2000
when was the first law of ventose passed? what did it do?
January 1794- promised patriots land from seized counter-revolutionaries
when did Saint Just denounce the herbertists and indulgents?
march 1794
when was Herbert executed?
24 march 1794 along with 18 of his associates
when were the indulgents arrested? and how many were executed?
30 march with 1000 being executed between march and June 1794
when were Danton and Desmoulins executed?
5 April 1794 along with 13 associates
when were all provincial revolutionary tribunals shut down?
8 may 1794 and all political prisoners transferred to Paris
when was Law of 22 Prairial? what did it state?
10 June 1794-
- all trials to be no longer than 3 days with no defence.
- two verdicts, acquittal or death
how long did the great terror last?
10 June- 26 July 1794
how many death sentences did the revolutionary tribunal give out in the great terror and how many acquittals?
1284 death sentences and 182 acquittals
who were the victims of the great terror?
- nobility 35%
- clergy 25%
- bourgeoise 40%
when was the maximum wage set in Paris?
23 July 1794
when was the decree for Robespierre’s arrest?
27 July (9 Thermidor) 1794
when was the overthrow of Robespierre?
(10 Thermidor) 28 July 1794- he was found guilty and executed along with 22 associates
what was examples of dechristianisation?
religious statues, street crosses, other ornaments were removed. the figures on the Notre dame were all beheaded, street names were changed
when was the Law of 14 Frimaire? what was it?
4 December 1793- gave CPS direct power over minister, generals, and local government
what views did Danton and Desmoulins have?
they suggested it was time for the terror to be scaled back.
what were the views of Herbert?
he wrote radical pamphlets which accused Robespierre of setting up a dictatorship and called upon the s-c to raise up against him
what was the fall of Robespierre called?
The Coup de Thermidor
how many of the commune were killed after Robespierre’s execution?
87/95 commune members killed
Was the terror successful?
ultimately no as Robespierre was overthrown
when was the Amoire de fer discovered? what was it?
20 November 1792, was a box of letters from Louis to Austria which was evidence of counter revolution
What were the federalist revolts? When were they?
The reaction by those who had supported the girondins to their expulsion
Jacobin leaders in Lyon forced out of office and the protest of 60 departments
When were the federalist revolts?
Began in early June 1793 as reaction to girondins expulsion
