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History (French Rev)- evidence > Napoleons reforms > Flashcards

Napoleons reforms Flashcards

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1
Q

How did Napoleon legitimise the coup de Brumaire?

A

held a plebiscite in 1800

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2
Q

when did Napoleon become emperor?

A

1804

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3
Q

what was the senatus consultum?

A

the act of blocking the wishes of the tribunate and legislative body

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4
Q

when was the tribunate abolished?

A

1810

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5
Q

when was the last meeting of the legislative body?

A

1813

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6
Q

what did Napoleon do about the jacobins?

A

in 1801 129 Jacobin leaders were arrested and deported to Seychelles or Guiana

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7
Q

what happened to royalists in Brittany?

A

1800- general brune sent to suppress royalists, 6000 chouan prisoners were taken and 750 shot

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8
Q

what did Napoleon do about the Comte de Provence?

A

NB assured him he would not return to France

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9
Q

how did NB deal with Madame de Stael?

A

1803- NB ordered that both stael and her husband were to be banished 63km away from Paris

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10
Q

what was Amalgame?

A

ending the social divisions of the Ancien regime by reconciling with old nobility

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11
Q

what was Ralliement?

A

rallying everyone round the regime

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12
Q

what was The legion d’Honneur?

A

a military and civil service award, mostly given for military service, 32,000 given out

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13
Q

how many civilians received the Legion d’Honneur?

A

1500 went to civilians our of 32,000

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14
Q

what was the Napoleonic Nobility? when was it established?

A

1808- the award gave the holder the title (knight of the empire)

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15
Q

how many women received the Legion d’Honneur?

A

3

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16
Q

what was the imperial nobility?

A

1808- titles given out to ministers, senators, archbishops, high remaking state officials and some generals.
the number of princes also increased

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17
Q

what were Lycées?

A

boarding schools for boys which a taught a curriculum decided by NB. trained boys for either military or civil service

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18
Q

what was the Imperial University?

A

1808- acted as supervisory body ensured all education met standards

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19
Q

how many newspaper were they reduced to?

A

from 73 to 9 by 1801

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20
Q

what were restrictions put on newspapers?

A
  • censors appointed to each paper, couldn’t discuss controversial subjects
  • papers reduced to one per department
  • police given powers to search publishers shops
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21
Q

when was the censorship board set up?

A

1810- set up to approve or reject books

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22
Q

how did the civil code 1804 affect women?

A

granted more control over their own property when married. also allowed divorce by mutual consent

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23
Q

when was the concordat with the Catholic Church?

A

published in July 1802

24
Q

what were the terms of the concordat?

A
  • pope recognised as head of catholic church
  • catholicism recognised as the religion of the majority
  • catholic worship became freely available
  • pope promised not to reclaim church lands
  • bishops and clergy nominated by first consul, had to take oath of loyalty
25
Q

what were the organic articles?

A

1802 *government approval had to be given for any papal document given
*guaranteed religious toleration to protestants and jews

26
Q

what were the key revolutionary changes in the code Napoleon?

A
  • abolition of feudalism and removal of church privilege
  • the secularisation of the state
  • equality before the law and freedom of conscience
27
Q

what was the roman law influence on the code Napoleon?

A
  • the father/husband head of the family
  • female rights of inheritance restricted
  • unmarried woman could not act as guardian or witness in legal document
  • legitimate children, at least 75% of property had to be equally dispersed between all offspring
28
Q

what was the code on criminal procedure?when?

A

1808-

  • maintained trial by jury
  • permitted arrest without trial
29
Q

what was the penal code?when?

A

1810

  • allowed death penalty for murder
  • allowed corporal punishment (hard labour and branding)
  • set maximum and minimum penalties
30
Q

what were the prefects?

A

agents directly responsible for carrying out central authority in the departments

31
Q

what jobs did the prefect do?

A

chief administrator in each department with responsibility for conscription, tax collection, agriculture, education and public works

32
Q

How were prefects chosen?

A

They were chosen for thier talents as administrator, rather than politics

33
Q

What percentage of prefects were previously in the revolutionary goverment?

A

68%

34
Q

Who were the gendarmerie?

A

A force of 6-10 men who were former army veterans. Established in each community

35
Q

What tasks did the gendarmerie have?

A

Responsible for everyday law enforcemnt, dealing with bandits, theft and putting down riots.

36
Q

Who were the admistrative police?

A

The civillian police responsible for genral survaillence

37
Q

What taxes did NB keep from the directory?

A

Land tax and personal property tax

38
Q

How did NB make tax fairer?

A

Set up cadastre, a land register to recalculate land tax

39
Q

How did NB stabalise the money supply?

A

In 1800 established bank of france

Also declared that metal coinage was the only legal tender

40
Q

How did Chaptal improve the economy?

A
  • Established bureau of statistics
  • Established chambers of commerce 23 of largest cities
  • establishment of councils of agriculture, arts and commerce
41
Q

How much did the wool and silk industry increase by?

A

400% wool and silk value rose from 26 million francs to 64 million

42
Q

What was the largest sector of the economy?

A

Agriculture, much of france in small owners hands

43
Q

how did Napoleon pay for war?

A

increased tax, took out loans, selling land (Louisiana in USA), taking what he could from conquered territories

44
Q

how much did NB sell Louisiana for?

A

1803- 50 million francs in gold and bond and cancelled 18 million in debt

45
Q

what had a massive impact on French trade?

A

war and British naval blockade

46
Q

what effect did the naval blockade have on France?

A

trade moved away from The Atlantic and overseas colonies and towards Frances allies and territories in Europe

47
Q

which French ports were hit badly by blockade?

A

Le Harve and Rouen

48
Q

what was Napoleons continental system?

A

banned all French trade with Britain, NB tried to weaken Britain by closing European markets

49
Q

How effective was the continental system?

A

the system failed as French navy was strong enough to hold coastlines of Europe, and smuggling thrived

50
Q

how effective was the British response to the continental system?

A

it affected French producers by depriving them of raw materials

51
Q

what factors limited degree of economic change?

A
  • limited demand as mass of population lived on farms
  • France had no rich capitalists willing to invest in industry
  • communications were poor
  • many farms were small and unprofitable
  • industrial work unattractive since workers restrained by livret and banned trade unions
52
Q

What was the treaty of fontainbleu? When?

A

april 1814- Napoleon was made to give up his throne, but was allowed to keep title of emperor and income of £200,000, he was sent to the island of Elba as his kingdom

53
Q

what was the turnout for the plebiscite of 1800 that justified coup de Brumaire?

A

around 25% with 3 million in favour and 1500 against

54
Q

what was turnout and result of the vote for Napoleon to become emperor?

A

47.2% turnout with 3.5 million voting yes and 2500 no

55
Q

how did Napoleon reconcile with bourgeoisie?

A

made changes to the vote which gave them more political influence and told that there would be no attempt to restore church lands

History (French Rev)- evidence (8 decks)

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