The Structure and Function of Living Organisms: Nutrition in Humans and Biological Molecules Flashcards
What is the human alimentary canal?
The alimentary canal is a muscular tube, which extends from the mouth to the anus.
What is the use of the mouth?
The two functions of the mouth are eating and speaking which are essential for human survival.
What is the use of the oesophagus?
It connects the mouth to the stomach and when a food is chewed in the mouth and swallowed it uses peristalsis to pass the food from the mouth to the stomach.
What is the use of the stomach?
Temporary storage for food and there is the mixing and breakdown of food by contraction and relaxation of the muscle layers in the stomach.
What is the use of the small intestine?
It helps to further digest food coming from the stomach. It absorbs nutrients and water from food so they can be used by the body.
What is the use of the large intestine?
To absorb water and salts from the material that has not been digested as food, and get rid of any waste products left over
What is the use of the pancreas?
Your pancreas is important for digesting food and managing your use of sugar for energy after digestion
What is the use of the liver?
The liver regulates most chemical levels in the blood and excretes a product called bile
What is peristalsis?
Peristalsis is a series of wavelike muscle contractions that move food through the oesophagus
What is bile?
Bile is used for neutralising stomach acids and emulsifying lipids
Where is bile made?
The liver
Where is bile stored?
The gallbladder
What are enzymes in metabolic reactions
biological catalysts
What is the term optimum temperature meant for with enzyme function
The temperature in which an enzyme will function best
What is the term optimum pH meant for with enzyme function
The pH in which an enzyme works at it’s best
