The Nature of Living Organisms Flashcards
What are all the characteristics of living organisms?
Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Homeostasis, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition
What is movement?
The ability to move from place to place, forward, backward. For plants it is to move toward light.
What is respiration?
A chemical reaction that releases energy from food. There are two types
What are the two types of respiration?
Aerobic and Anaerobic
What is sensitivity?
The ability to sense and interact with your surroundings using the five senses
What are the five senses?
To look, to touch, to taste, to hear, to smell
What is homeostasis?
The ability to manage one’s internal temperature and environment
What is growth?
The ability to create multiple cells and get bigger upwards and outwards
What is reproduction?
The ability to produce offspring
What is excretion?
The ability to dispose of waste
What is nutrition?
The ability to intake food, essential for growth and respiration
Name the organism(s) that contain a cell wall made of chitin
Fungi
Name the organism(s) that contain genetic material
Virus and all prokaryotic organisms
Name the organism(s) that contain a circular chromosome
Bacteria
What is Amoeba an example of?
Protoctista
How do fungi feed?
They feed by secreting enzymes onto their food - the enzymes breakdown (digest) the food, and the fungi then absorb the products of digestion
What is the the fungal process called when fungi make food?
Saprotrophic Nutrition
What does prokaryotic mean?
An organism whose cells don’t contain a nucleus
Name all the organisms that are prokaryotic?
Viruses and Bacteria
What does eukaryotic mean?
An organism whose cells do contain a nucleus
Name the five kingdoms
Fungi, Bacteria, Protoctista, Animals and Plants
Why are Viruses not included?
Because they are not considered to be living as are not made of cells, also they only have one characteristic of living organisms being reproduction.
Name the eukaryotic organisms?
Animals, Plants and Fungi
Give an example of a fungi
Mucor or Penicillium
Give an example of a bacteria
E. Coli or Pneumococcus
Give an example of a virus
Tobacco Mosaic or Influenza
What is a pathogen?
Pathogens are microorganisms that cause disease
What form is a pathogen?
Pathogens can be bacteria, viruses, fungi or protoctista
What is the word equation for photosynthesis?
Carbon Dioxide + Water —> Glucose + Oxygen
What is the word equation for respiration?
Glucose + Oxygen —> Carbon Dioxide + Water
