The Structure and Function of Living Organisms: Nutrition in Flowering Plants Flashcards
What is Photosynthesis?
The process plants use to respire in the conversion of light energy to chemical energy.
What is the balanced equation for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O → C6,H12,O6 + 6O2
What are the limiting factors for photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide concentration, temperature control and light intensity
How has the leaf adapted to photosynthesis?
Palisade cells are tall as it means they get more light absorption for photosynthesis and they have a large surface area. Also, they are green, useful for absorbing light.
What are palisade cells?
The palisade cells contain chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll where photosynthesis takes place.
What is the function of the waxy cuticle?
A waxy waterproof layer which reduces water loss, it is transparent to allow light through the leaf
What is the function of the upper epidermis?
This is a single layer of cells found directly below the waxy cuticle. It helps in preventing water loss and providing an extra layer between the outside and inside of the leaf. Also it makes the waxy cuticle.
What is the function of the chloroplasts?
Chloroplasts are plant cell organelles that convert light energy into chemical energy
What is the function of the xylem?
They transport water through the plant
What is the function of the phloem?
They transport food through the plant, it is now chemical energy
What is the function of the guard cell?
It controls the opening and closing of the stomata, letting materials in and out
What is the function of the stomata?
They regulate the flow of gas throughout the leaf and decides what goes in and out the leaf.
What is the function of the lower epidermis?
To protect the plant and it is where the stomata is found
What is the function of the chlorophyll in chloroplasts?
It is where photosynthesis takes place
Why do plants need mineral ions?
To help grow and photosynthesise
What are the different types of mineral ions?
Nitrogen (N), Potassium(K), Calcium(Ca), Sulfur(S), Magnesium (Mg), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe)
What is the purpose of a nitrogen ion?
It is needed to make proteins for healthy growth
What is the purpose of a potassium ion?
It is needed for the opening and closing of the stomata, alongside the guard cell
What is the purpose of a calcium ion?
It is a structural component of cell walls and membranes
What is the purpose of a sulfur ion?
It is an essential building block in chlorophyll development and protein synthesis.
What is the purpose of a magnesium ion?
Plants use magnesium ions to make chlorophyll in their leaves
What is the purpose of a copper ion?
Copper activates some enzymes in plants which are essential for many enzyme systems.
What is the purpose of a zinc ion?
It is used in the formation of chlorophyll and some carbohydrates also it is involved in the conversion of starches to sugars and its presence in plant tissue helps the plant to withstand cold temperatures
What is the purpose of a iron ion?
Iron is a constituent of several enzymes and some pigments, and assists in nitrate and sulfate reduction and energy production within the plant
