The Structure and Function of Living Organisms: Nutrition in Flowering Plants

Question 1

What is Photosynthesis?

Answer 1

The process plants use to respire in the conversion of light energy to chemical energy.

Question 2

What is the balanced equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 2

6CO2 + 6H2O → C6,H12,O6 + 6O2

Question 3

What are the limiting factors for photosynthesis?

Answer 3

Carbon dioxide concentration, temperature control and light intensity

Question 4

How has the leaf adapted to photosynthesis?

Answer 4

Palisade cells are tall as it means they get more light absorption for photosynthesis and they have a large surface area. Also, they are green, useful for absorbing light.

Question 5

What are palisade cells?

Answer 5

The palisade cells contain chloroplasts which contain chlorophyll where photosynthesis takes place.

Question 6

What is the function of the waxy cuticle?

Answer 6

A waxy waterproof layer which reduces water loss, it is transparent to allow light through the leaf

Question 7

What is the function of the upper epidermis?

Answer 7

This is a single layer of cells found directly below the waxy cuticle. It helps in preventing water loss and providing an extra layer between the outside and inside of the leaf. Also it makes the waxy cuticle.

Question 8

What is the function of the chloroplasts?

Answer 8

Chloroplasts are plant cell organelles that convert light energy into chemical energy

Question 9

What is the function of the xylem?

Answer 9

They transport water through the plant

Question 10

What is the function of the phloem?

Answer 10

They transport food through the plant, it is now chemical energy

Question 11

What is the function of the guard cell?

Answer 11

It controls the opening and closing of the stomata, letting materials in and out

Question 12

What is the function of the stomata?

Answer 12

They regulate the flow of gas throughout the leaf and decides what goes in and out the leaf.

Question 13

What is the function of the lower epidermis?

Answer 13

To protect the plant and it is where the stomata is found

Question 14

What is the function of the chlorophyll in chloroplasts?

Answer 14

It is where photosynthesis takes place

Question 15

Why do plants need mineral ions?

Answer 15

To help grow and photosynthesise

Question 16

What are the different types of mineral ions?

Answer 16

Nitrogen (N), Potassium(K), Calcium(Ca), Sulfur(S), Magnesium (Mg), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe)

Question 17

What is the purpose of a nitrogen ion?

Answer 17

It is needed to make proteins for healthy growth

Question 18

What is the purpose of a potassium ion?

Answer 18

It is needed for the opening and closing of the stomata, alongside the guard cell

Question 19

What is the purpose of a calcium ion?

Answer 19

It is a structural component of cell walls and membranes

Question 20

What is the purpose of a sulfur ion?

Answer 20

It is an essential building block in chlorophyll development and protein synthesis.

Question 21

What is the purpose of a magnesium ion?

Answer 21

Plants use magnesium ions to make chlorophyll in their leaves

Question 22

What is the purpose of a copper ion?

Answer 22

Copper activates some enzymes in plants which are essential for many enzyme systems.

Question 23

What is the purpose of a zinc ion?

Answer 23

It is used in the formation of chlorophyll and some carbohydrates also it is involved in the conversion of starches to sugars and its presence in plant tissue helps the plant to withstand cold temperatures

Question 24

What is the purpose of a iron ion?

Answer 24

Iron is a constituent of several enzymes and some pigments, and assists in nitrate and sulfate reduction and energy production within the plant