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French Wine Scholar V7.1 > The South-West Wine Region > Flashcards

The South-West Wine Region Flashcards

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1
Q

What small appellation makes wines of a similar style to Monbazillac?

A

Saussignac AOC

Grapes may be late-harvest and/or botrytized and primary varieties must consitute the majority of the blend.

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2
Q

Name the appellation with the largest dessert wine by size and volume in France.

A

Monbazillac AOC

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3
Q

What is the primary grape variety of Cahors AOC?

A

Cot

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4
Q

True or False

Cahors AOC makes both red and white as well rose wines.

A

False

Only red wines featuring Cot.

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5
Q

What is two general soils found in Dorgogne/Bergerac?

A
  • Limestone
  • Clay
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6
Q

What AOC covers the same area as Madiran AOC and only makes dry and sweet whites?

A

Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC

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7
Q

What is the primary white grape especially popular for dry or sweet white wines in Gaillac?

A

Len de l’El (Loin de l’Oeil)

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8
Q

What is the principal grape for dry white wines in Dordgone/Bergerac sub region?

A

Sauvginon Blanc

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9
Q

True or False

All wines in Cotes de Bergerac AOC must have higher minimum alcohol level than Bergerac AOC.

A

True

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10
Q

Describe “Marques & Coop”

A

An umbrella label to promote top cuvees by Vinovalie Co-Operative and 11 other Co-operatives in France

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11
Q

Which grape variety is used in Gaillac for dry and sweet white wines plus sparkling wines made by both Ancestrale and Traditional methods?

A

Mauzac Rose

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12
Q

Which is the southern most AOC of South-West France and the only AOC within French Basque country?

A

Irouleguy AOC

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13
Q

In Fronton AOC, this grape variety must have at least 40% for Reds and Roses and 100% if the producers so choose.

Name the grape variety

A

Negrette

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14
Q

True or False

Bergerac AOC can produce semi-sweet or sweet white wines from Semillon.

A

False

Only dry wines are produced in Begerac AOC.

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15
Q

In Jurancon AOC, varietal bottlings from both of the primary white grapes are allowed.

What are the two grape varieties?

A
  • Gross Manseng
  • Petit Manseng
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16
Q

What three grapes are primarilly used for white Doux style of sweet wines in Gaillac?

How are the grapes harvested?

A
  • Mauzac
  • Muscadelle
  • Len de l’El
  • Grapes are amply over-riped or over riped before fermented
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17
Q

What is the primary soil type of Fronton AOC?

A

Boulbenes

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18
Q

Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC covers the same area as Madiran AOC.

What other AOC wines are also made in the territory of Pachrenc du Vic-Bilh?

A

Bearn AOC

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19
Q

What is Cahor’s inky wine known?

A

“Black wines of Cahors”

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20
Q

Name the top three grape varieties in volume of South West region.

A
  1. Merlot (14%)
  2. Colombard (13%)
  3. Sauvginon Blanc (13%)
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21
Q

Name the grape variety produced by the cross of Prunelard and Magdeleine Noire des Charantes.

A

Cot

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22
Q

What is the ageing requirement of Jurancon Vendanges Tardives wines?

A

Only allowed to be released for sale after June 15 of the second year after harvest

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23
Q

What is Micro-Oxygenation or MOS called in French?

A

Micro-Bullage

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24
Q

True or False

Over 300 different grape varieties have been identified in the South-West.

A

True

120 of these are indigenous

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25
Q

True or False

All reds and roses in South-West are dry and still.

A

True

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26
Q

Name two tributaries of Garonne River and have transported eroded materials from the Causses and the Massif Central downriver.

A
  • Tarn River
  • Lot River
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27
Q

True or False

Viticulture was established in the South West before Bordeaux.

A

True

The Romans helped cultivate vineyards during the 1st century BCE.

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28
Q

In Cahors AOC, which grape variety must constitute 70% of its wines?

A

Cot (Auxerrois)

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29
Q

What grape variety is used primarilly for Rose in Begerac/Dordogne region?

A

Sauvginon Gris

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30
Q

Name two grape varieties used to make Gaillac Sparkling - Methode Traditionelle?

A
  • Len de l’EL / Loin de l’Oeil
  • Mauzac
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31
Q

Which AOC benefits from foehn winds which makes its Autumn mild and extended?

A

Irouleguy AOC

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32
Q

What historical and cultural region Dordogne/Bergerac wineregion is a part of?

A

Perigold

Several dialects of Occitan are spoken here

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33
Q

What are the labels of dry and sweet wines of Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC?

A
  • Sweet: Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh
  • Dry: Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh Sec
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34
Q

What are two primaryWHITE grape varieties of Bergerac/Dordogne?

A
  • Sauvignon Blanc
  • Semillon
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35
Q

What were the South West region historically known as (3)?

A
  1. Gallia Aquitania
  2. Aquitaine
  3. Gascony
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36
Q

What is the primary difference between Bergerac AOC and Cotes de Bergerac AOC as related to their wine style?

A
  • Bergerac AOC : Dry White, Rose, Red
  • Cotes de Bergerac AOC: Red, Semi-Sweet to Sweet White
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37
Q

Name three primary red grape varieties used in Gaillac AOC.

A
  • Duras
  • Syrah
  • Fer Servadou
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38
Q

What are two well known AOCs in the Garonne, Tarn and Lot sub-region?

A
  1. Cahors
  2. Gaillac
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39
Q

Describe “VinoValie”

A

An co-operative in South-West itself an amalgamation of four co-operatives working to entice and train people to work in the wine industry.

Partnered with 11 other co-operatives in France to collectively promote all of their top cuvees under the Marques & Coop umbrella.

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40
Q

What is the most important white grape for sweeter wines especially in Monbazillac?

A

Semillon

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41
Q

Name the geological feature the South-West wine region is located.

A

Aquitaine Basin

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42
Q

Name the grape variety produced from the cross of Cabernet Franc and Gros Cabernet.

Which country did the grape find home?

A

Carmenere

Chile

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43
Q

What grape vareity was the most planted grape in South-West before phylloxera?

A

Cot/Malbec

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44
Q

True or False

Bearn AOC covers the terriotoiry of both Jurancon and Madiran.

A

True

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45
Q

What AOC makes the widest range of wine styles in all of South-West France?

A

Gaillac AOC

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46
Q

Which IGP is the second in IGP production volume next to IGP Pays d’Oc?

A

Cotes de Gascone IGP

Approximately 100 million bottles (750,000 hl) are produced annually.

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47
Q

What is the primary grape variety of Madiran AOC?

A

Tannat

Madiran AOC only makes red wines.

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48
Q

Which AOC did Cot find fame in the South-West?

What is another name for Cot and which country it has found success in?

A
  • Cahors
  • Malbec
  • Argentina
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49
Q

What grape variety is used for Gaillac Red Primeur wines?

A

100% Gamay - by Semi-Carbonic Maceration and is released on the third Thursday of November

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50
Q

What is the requirement of Cahors AOC as related to the grapes used?

A
  • Minimum of 70%
  • No Cabernet Sauvignon nor Cabernet Franc allowed
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51
Q

What grape resulted from the cross of Magdelaine des Charantes and South-West native Prunelard?

A

Cot

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52
Q

What type of wine is Gaillac Blanc Sec Perle?

A

Lightly sparkling “prickly” or petillant style.

  • Carobon dioxide captured during Malolactic conversion
  • CO2 added to the wine after Malolactic conversion
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53
Q

Who is Patrick Ducournau?

A

While working with the native South-West grape Tannat Patrick Ducournau introduced Micro-Oxygenation technique in 1991.

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54
Q

Vin de Paille is made in this Dordogne/Bergerac sub-region AOC.

Name the AOC

A

Correze AOC

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55
Q

True or False

The Tarn and Lot rivers are both tributaries of Dordogne River.

A

False

Both Tarn and Lot Rivers are tributaries of the Garonne River and the western AOCs are closer to the Atlatnic and have strong Maritime influence.

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56
Q

Name two grape varieties Gaillac Sparkling - Methode Ancestrale are made from.

A
  • Mauzac Blanc and/or
  • Mauzac Rose
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57
Q

Which AOC is the home of Negrette?

A

Fronton AOC

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58
Q

What AOC covers the same area as Madiran AOC but for whites only?

A

Pacherenc du Vicc-Bilh AOC

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59
Q

What is the only AOC within the French Basque country?

A

Irouleguy AOC

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60
Q

This AOC is on steep slope with soils sandy-clays studded with Galets (known locally as Poundingues) washed down from the Pyrenees.

It produces Dry White, Semi-Sweet to Sweet Wine with Gross Manseng and Petit Manseng represent the majority of wines.

Name the AOC

A

Jurancon AOC

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61
Q

What is the primary red grape in Gaillac where it is usually known as Braucol?

A

Fer Servadou

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62
Q

True or False

The Pyrenees sub region vineyards benefit from the warm dry foehn winds that crest the Pyrenees and chase away humidity and bring clear skies.

A

True

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63
Q

True or False

Dorgodgne/Bergerac sub region is also known as Perigord.

A

True

64
Q

What river Cahor AOC lie on?

A

Lot River

65
Q

What are two administrative regions covered by the South-West wine region?

A
  1. Most of Nouvelle-Aquitaine
  2. Half of Occitanie
66
Q

What is well known production area Cotes de Gascone IGP shares with?

A

Armagnac

67
Q

Name the grape variety that produced by the cross of Handabrribi Beltza and Fer Servadou.

A

Gros Cabernet

68
Q

What grape variety is well known in Argentina and synonym of Cot?

A

Malbec

69
Q

What are two primary grapes of Jurancon?

A
  • Gros Manseng
  • Petit Manseng

Jurancon is white (dry, semi-sweet and sweet) wines only AOC

and Bearn AOC wines are also made here.

70
Q

What grape was once an important part of the Bordeaux blend and today found success in Cahors?

A

Cot (aka Malbec)

71
Q

True or False

Cotes de Begerac wines must NOT be dry

A

True

72
Q

What is the Cot grape referred locally in Cahors?

A

Auxerrois

73
Q

What is a primary red grape in Gaillac where it is known as “Braucol”?

A

Fer Servadou

74
Q

Name the four grape varieties that Gaillac Blanc Sec and Gaillac Blanc Sec Perle are based on.

A
  • Mauzac
  • Mauzac Rose
  • Muscadelle
  • Len de ‘El / Loin de l’Oeil
75
Q

Which route is well transversed by pilgrims in the South-West?

A

Path to Santiago de Compostela in Spain

76
Q

Point out the requirement on the label of Jurancon AOC Dry White wines.

A

“Sec” must aplpear on the label so that consumers know there is no residual sugar for Jurrancon Sec wines

77
Q

True or False

Armagnac is the famous brandy of Gascony and has AOC status.

A

True

78
Q

What is the soil of sand-clay with dotted galets called locally in Jurancon?

A

Poundingues

79
Q

What is another name used for Cot in Cahors?

A

Auxerrois

80
Q

Which well known area shares the same zone of production as Cotes de Gascogne IGP?

A

Armagnac

81
Q

Describe “Micro-Oxygeneration”

A

Very small quantities of oxygen are bubbled through a vat of fermenting wine to keep yeast healthy and avoid stuck fermentation.

Likewise small qunatities of oxygen can be bubbled through a vat of finished wine to polymerize tannins, clarity and stablize.

This technique is employed worldwide today.

82
Q

What AOC lies deep within Gascony on the left bank of the Ardour River?

A

Madiran AOC

83
Q

Which sub-region is the southernmost of the South-West?

A

Pyrenees

84
Q

By having small amounts of oxygen bubbled through a vat of fermenting wine i.e. Micro-Oxygeneation, what are two beneficial effects?

A
  • Keep yeasts healthy
  • Avoids stuck fermentations
85
Q

True or False

There is one AOC to cover the entire region of the South-West wine region and an AOC for each of the three sub-regions.

A

False

No AOCs for the entire region nor sub-region.

86
Q

Which AOC the Micro-Oxygenation started and who came up with the idea?

A
  • Madiran AOC
  • Patrick Ducournau
87
Q

What is AOC that has widest wine styles in South West?

A

Gaillac AOC

88
Q

What is the production percentages of:

  • Dry White
  • Sweet White
  • Rose
  • Red

in Cotes de Gascone IGP?

A
  • 75% Dry White
  • 10% Sweet White
  • 8% Rose
  • 7% Red
89
Q

What are two well known AOCs in the Pyrenees sub-region?

A
  1. Madiran
  2. Jurancon
90
Q

Which two wine regions sandwitch the Garonne, Tarn and Lot sub-region?

A
  • Bordeaux
  • Languedoc
91
Q

True or False

Cotes de Bergerac AOC whites can be dry, semi-sweet or sweet.

A

False

Cotes de Bergerac whites cannot be DRY.

92
Q

Name the two well known AOCs in Dordgone/ Bergerac sub region.

A
  1. Bergerac
  2. Monbazillac
93
Q

In Bergerac, what is focused for red blends made there?

A

Early ripening Merlot to soften the more astringent tannins of the two Cabernets.

94
Q

What is the wine style of Madiran AOC?

A

Red only

Must contain more than 50% Tannat

95
Q

What are three primary soil types the vines are planted in Cahors AOC?

A
  1. Limestone plateaus of the Causses
  2. Gravelly slopes
  3. River terraces
96
Q

What is climate of Dordogne/Bergerac sub-region as a whole?

A

Continental

97
Q

What is the speciality grape of Fronton?

A

Negrette

98
Q

What four RED grapes are primarilly used in Bergerac/Dordogne?

A
  • Cabernet Sauvginon
  • Cabernet Franc
  • Merlot
  • Cot
99
Q

Name the top four AOCs by the South-West region’s production.

A
  1. Bergerac AOC (22%)
  2. Cahors AOC (12%)
  3. Gaillac AOC (11%)
  4. Monbazillac AOC (8%)
100
Q

What are two sweet wines from Gaillac are called?

A
  • Gaillac Doux
  • Gaillac Vendanges Tardives
101
Q

List FOUR wine styles made in Jurancon AOC.

A
  • Dry White
  • Semi-Sweet White
  • Sweet White
  • Vendanges Tardives
102
Q

What are the followng grapes called in Madiran:

  • Fer Servadou
  • Cabernet Franc
A
  • Fer Servadou = Pinenc
  • Cabernet Franc = Bouchy
103
Q

Which South-West grape variety has been adopted in Uruguay?

A

Tannat

104
Q

Which culture influenced the South-West historically?

A

Basque

105
Q

Name three primary white grapes of Gaillac AOC.

A
  • Len de l’El / Loin de l”Oeil
  • Mauzac Blanc
  • Muscadelle
106
Q

True or False

Jurancon Sweet and Jurancon Vendanges Tardives wines are affected by Noble Rot.

A

False

107
Q

What grape variety resulted from the cross of Gros Cabernet (a Hondarribi Bleza x Fer Servadou cross) and Cabernet Franc?

A

Carmenere

108
Q

What grape is a cross of South-West native Magdelaine Noire des Charentes and Cabernet Franc which originated in Spanish Basque Country?

A

Merlot

109
Q

True or False

Cotes de Gascogne IGP production is 75% dry white.

A

True

110
Q

What are two grape vareties used for Methode Ancestrale in Gaillac AOC?

And two varieties for Traditional Method?

A
  • Methode Ancestrale - Mauzac Blanc and/or Rose
  • Traditional Method: Len de l’El and Mazac
111
Q

Name the second largest IGP in production volume in France.

A

Cotes de Gascogne IGP

Second only to Pays d’Oc IGP

112
Q

What four grape varieties typically make up Gaillac AOC Whites?

A
  • Mauzac
  • Mauzac Rose
  • Muscadelle
  • Len de l’El
113
Q

How are Gaillac white primeur style wine made?

A
  • Cool fermentation
  • Early bottling

Deliverying a very fresh, simple quaff that represents a small niche segment of production

114
Q

Are some South-West Reds made as vin primeur?

A

Yes

115
Q

What are the two ways that Blanc Sec Perle can be made?

A
  • Carbon Dioxide can be captured during malolactic conversion so when bottled the wine retains the “peales”
  • CO2 can be added to the wine after malolactic conversion is complete
116
Q

This appellation is equidistant from the Atlantic and the Pyrenees and is bordered by Saint-Mont to the north.

Name the AOC

A

Madiran AOC

117
Q

How is the sweet wine of Pachrenc du Vic Bilh AOC made?

A

Passerillage Only

Not by Botrytis infection

118
Q

What is the minimum passes required for Jurancon Vendanges Tardives wines?

A

At least two passes

119
Q

What is the minimum sweetness level required for Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC White Sweet Wine?

A

4.5% / 45 g/l

120
Q

Which two grape varieties are crafted for Vendanges Tardives in Gaillac AOC?

How are the grapes harvested?

A
  • Len de l’El
  • Ondenc
  • Passerrillage
  • Botrytis
  • Hand harvested
121
Q

What are two beneficail end results of Micro-Oxydation?

A
  • Softens the tannins
  • Eliminates Reduction issues
122
Q

What are the soils of Fronton AOC?

A

Sandy clays (Boulbenes)

123
Q

Name SIX rivers that influence the South-West region.

A
  1. Dordogne
  2. Lot
  3. Tam
  4. Garonne
  5. Gers
  6. Adour
124
Q

For Jurancon AOC Sweet wines, in addition to Passerillage (raisining on the vine), are they also botrytized?

A

No.

Passerillage only

125
Q

What are three styles of Sparkling wines produced in Gaillac AOC?

A
  • Methode Ancestrale
  • Traditional Method
  • Blanc Sec Perle
126
Q

True or False

All Monbazillac wines must use 50% of the primary varieties (Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Muscadelle).

A

False

Requires 80% of the primary grapes

127
Q

Name the red grape used to make Gaillac Primeur.

A
  • Red: 100% Gamay
128
Q

True or False

Bergerac AOC allows for Varietal wines.

A

False

All wines must be blends of at least two varieties and contain up to 50% of the primary varieties

129
Q

List the borders of the South-West wine region

A
  • West - the Atlantic
  • East - the Massif Central
  • South - the Pyrenees
  • North - Bordeaux
130
Q

What is the native grape to the Adour River Basin and main grape in Madiran?

A

Tannat

131
Q

What is the grape variety used for Rose wines in Gaillac AOC?

A

Mauzac Rose

132
Q

What appellation is the largest dessert wine appellation by size and volume in France?

A

Monbazillac AOC

133
Q

What two styles of Sweet whites are made in Gaillac AOC?

A
  • Doux
  • Vendanges Tardives
134
Q

What are three primary grarpes used in Gaillac Rose and Red wines?

A
  • Duras
  • Syrah
  • Fer Sevadou
135
Q

As a general rule, are the wines of Monbazillac AOC sweeter than those from Saunternes?

A

Yes

136
Q

Name the varieties as a result of the cross between Cabernet Franc and South-West native Magdeleine Noire des Charantes.

A

Merlot

137
Q

What two grapes (either one or both) must constitute Vendanges Tradives Sweet wine of Jurancon AOC?

A
  • Gross Manseng
  • Petit Manseng
138
Q

Name one white grape variety popular for dry and sweet wine, another variety important in Gaillac.

A
  • Len de l’El / Loin de l’Oeil for white
  • Mauzac Blanc for sparkling
139
Q

True or False

Irouleguy AOC makes only dry and sweet white wines.

A

False

It only makes Rose and Red wines.

140
Q

What RED grape variety is used as a primary or secondary grape throughout the Garonne, Tarn and Lot sub-region?

A

Cot

141
Q

What is the style of wines Cahors AOC?

A

Red wines only

142
Q

What are two primary white grapes in the Pyrenees sub-region?

A
  • Gros Manseng - bring freshness to thedry wines of Jurancon, Saint-Mont and Pacherene du Vic-Bilh
  • Petit Manseng - Develops high sugar levels white maintaining acidity - for sweet wines of Jurancon and Pacherene du Vic-Bilh
143
Q

What are soils of Madiran AOC?

A

Pebble-studded limestone rich clays and silts

144
Q

What AOC features Negrette grape variety?

A

Fronton AOC

145
Q

What three soil types found in Pecharmant?

A
  • Red clay
  • Flint
  • Gravels
146
Q

Jurancon AOC sweet wines are labeled “Jurancon”. What does label show for dry white wines made in Jurancon.

A

Jurancon Sec.

147
Q

What are four white grape varieties that primarilly make up Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC?

A
  • Gros Manseng
  • Petit Manseng
  • Corbu
  • Petit Corbu
148
Q

What two synonyms Fer Servadou are known for?

A
  1. Braucol
  2. Pinenc
149
Q

What Red varieties must be included in Irouleguy Red wines?

A
  • Tannat

and/or

  • Cabernet Franc
150
Q

What is general climate of the South-West?

A

Continental

The appellaitons are influenced by the topographical features that are in closest proximity. to them

151
Q

Name the principal grape of Madiran AOC and the country it became the speciality grape.

A
  • Tannat
  • Uruguay
152
Q

This versitile grape has been cultivated in Fronton as far as can be remembered.

It can produce both fruity red and rose wines to enjoy in their youth as well as substantial wines capable of aging.

A

Negrette

153
Q

Which river is in close proximity to Coteaux du Quercy, Fronton and Gaillac?

A

Tarn River

154
Q

What was the most planted grape in South-West before phylloxera?

A

Cot

155
Q

Historically how were the wines of Cahors AOC known for?

A

“Black Wines of Cahors

French Wine Scholar V7.1 (15 decks)

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