The South-West Wine Region Flashcards
1
Q
What small appellation makes wines of a similar style to Monbazillac?
A
Saussignac AOC
Grapes may be late-harvest and/or botrytized and primary varieties must consitute the majority of the blend.
2
Q
Name the appellation with the largest dessert wine by size and volume in France.
A
Monbazillac AOC
3
Q
What is the primary grape variety of Cahors AOC?
A
Cot
4
Q
True or False
Cahors AOC makes both red and white as well rose wines.
A
False
Only red wines featuring Cot.
5
Q
What is two general soils found in Dorgogne/Bergerac?
A
- Limestone
- Clay
6
Q
What AOC covers the same area as Madiran AOC and only makes dry and sweet whites?
A
Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC
7
Q
What is the primary white grape especially popular for dry or sweet white wines in Gaillac?
A
Len de l’El (Loin de l’Oeil)
8
Q
What is the principal grape for dry white wines in Dordgone/Bergerac sub region?
A
Sauvginon Blanc
9
Q
True or False
All wines in Cotes de Bergerac AOC must have higher minimum alcohol level than Bergerac AOC.
A
True
10
Q
Describe “Marques & Coop”
A
An umbrella label to promote top cuvees by Vinovalie Co-Operative and 11 other Co-operatives in France
11
Q
Which grape variety is used in Gaillac for dry and sweet white wines plus sparkling wines made by both Ancestrale and Traditional methods?
A
Mauzac Rose
12
Q
Which is the southern most AOC of South-West France and the only AOC within French Basque country?
A
Irouleguy AOC
13
Q
In Fronton AOC, this grape variety must have at least 40% for Reds and Roses and 100% if the producers so choose.
Name the grape variety
A
Negrette
14
Q
True or False
Bergerac AOC can produce semi-sweet or sweet white wines from Semillon.
A
False
Only dry wines are produced in Begerac AOC.
15
Q
In Jurancon AOC, varietal bottlings from both of the primary white grapes are allowed.
What are the two grape varieties?
A
- Gross Manseng
- Petit Manseng
16
Q
What three grapes are primarilly used for white Doux style of sweet wines in Gaillac?
How are the grapes harvested?
A
- Mauzac
- Muscadelle
- Len de l’El
- Grapes are amply over-riped or over riped before fermented
17
Q
What is the primary soil type of Fronton AOC?
A
Boulbenes
18
Q
Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC covers the same area as Madiran AOC.
What other AOC wines are also made in the territory of Pachrenc du Vic-Bilh?
A
Bearn AOC
19
Q
What is Cahor’s inky wine known?
A
“Black wines of Cahors”
20
Q
Name the top three grape varieties in volume of South West region.
A
- Merlot (14%)
- Colombard (13%)
- Sauvginon Blanc (13%)
21
Q
Name the grape variety produced by the cross of Prunelard and Magdeleine Noire des Charantes.
A
Cot
22
Q
What is the ageing requirement of Jurancon Vendanges Tardives wines?
A
Only allowed to be released for sale after June 15 of the second year after harvest
23
Q
What is Micro-Oxygenation or MOS called in French?
A
Micro-Bullage
24
Q
True or False
Over 300 different grape varieties have been identified in the South-West.
A
True
120 of these are indigenous
25
True or False
All reds and roses in South-West are dry and still.
True
26
Name two tributaries of Garonne River and have transported eroded materials from the Causses and the Massif Central downriver.
* Tarn River
* Lot River
27
True or False
Viticulture was established in the South West before Bordeaux.
True
The Romans helped cultivate vineyards during the 1st century BCE.
28
In Cahors AOC, which grape variety must constitute 70% of its wines?
Cot (Auxerrois)
29
What grape variety is used primarilly for Rose in Begerac/Dordogne region?
Sauvginon Gris
30
Name two grape varieties used to make Gaillac Sparkling - Methode Traditionelle?
* Len de l'EL / Loin de l'Oeil
* Mauzac
31
Which AOC benefits from foehn winds which makes its Autumn mild and extended?
Irouleguy AOC
32
What historical and cultural region Dordogne/Bergerac wineregion is a part of?
Perigold
Several dialects of Occitan are spoken here
33
What are the labels of dry and sweet wines of Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC?
* Sweet: Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh
* Dry: Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh Sec
34
What are two primaryWHITE grape varieties of Bergerac/Dordogne?
* Sauvignon Blanc
* Semillon
35
What were the South West region historically known as (3)?
1. Gallia Aquitania
2. Aquitaine
3. Gascony
36
What is the primary difference between Bergerac AOC and Cotes de Bergerac AOC as related to their wine style?
* Bergerac AOC : Dry White, Rose, Red
* Cotes de Bergerac AOC: Red, Semi-Sweet to Sweet White
37
Name three primary red grape varieties used in Gaillac AOC.
* Duras
* Syrah
* Fer Servadou
38
What are two well known AOCs in the Garonne, Tarn and Lot sub-region?
1. Cahors
2. Gaillac
39
Describe "VinoValie"
An co-operative in South-West itself an amalgamation of four co-operatives working to entice and train people to work in the wine industry.
Partnered with 11 other co-operatives in France to collectively promote all of their top cuvees under the Marques & Coop umbrella.
40
What is the most important white grape for sweeter wines especially in Monbazillac?
Semillon
41
Name the geological feature the South-West wine region is located.
Aquitaine Basin
42
Name the grape variety produced from the cross of Cabernet Franc and Gros Cabernet.
Which country did the grape find home?
Carmenere
Chile
43
What grape vareity was the most planted grape in South-West before phylloxera?
Cot/Malbec
44
True or False
Bearn AOC covers the terriotoiry of both Jurancon and Madiran.
True
45
What AOC makes the widest range of wine styles in all of South-West France?
Gaillac AOC
46
Which IGP is the second in IGP production volume next to IGP Pays d'Oc?
Cotes de Gascone IGP
Approximately 100 million bottles (750,000 hl) are produced annually.
47
What is the primary grape variety of Madiran AOC?
Tannat
Madiran AOC only makes red wines.
48
Which AOC did Cot find fame in the South-West?
What is another name for Cot and which country it has found success in?
* Cahors
* Malbec
* Argentina
49
What grape variety is used for Gaillac Red Primeur wines?
100% Gamay - by Semi-Carbonic Maceration and is released on the third Thursday of November
50
What is the requirement of Cahors AOC as related to the grapes used?
* Minimum of 70%
* No Cabernet Sauvignon nor Cabernet Franc allowed
51
What grape resulted from the cross of Magdelaine des Charantes and South-West native Prunelard?
Cot
52
What type of wine is Gaillac Blanc Sec Perle?
Lightly sparkling "prickly" or petillant style.
* Carobon dioxide captured during Malolactic conversion
* CO2 added to the wine after Malolactic conversion
53
Who is Patrick Ducournau?
While working with the native South-West grape Tannat Patrick Ducournau introduced Micro-Oxygenation technique in 1991.
54
Vin de Paille is made in this Dordogne/Bergerac sub-region AOC.
Name the AOC
Correze AOC
55
True or False
The Tarn and Lot rivers are both tributaries of Dordogne River.
False
Both Tarn and Lot Rivers are tributaries of the Garonne River and the western AOCs are closer to the Atlatnic and have strong Maritime influence.
56
Name two grape varieties Gaillac Sparkling - Methode Ancestrale are made from.
* Mauzac Blanc and/or
* Mauzac Rose
57
Which AOC is the home of Negrette?
Fronton AOC
58
What AOC covers the same area as Madiran AOC but for whites only?
Pacherenc du Vicc-Bilh AOC
59
What is the only AOC within the French Basque country?
Irouleguy AOC
60
This AOC is on steep slope with soils sandy-clays studded with Galets (known locally as Poundingues) washed down from the Pyrenees.
It produces Dry White, Semi-Sweet to Sweet Wine with Gross Manseng and Petit Manseng represent the majority of wines.
Name the AOC
Jurancon AOC
61
What is the primary red grape in Gaillac where it is usually known as Braucol?
Fer Servadou
62
True or False
The Pyrenees sub region vineyards benefit from the warm dry foehn winds that crest the Pyrenees and chase away humidity and bring clear skies.
True
63
True or False
Dorgodgne/Bergerac sub region is also known as Perigord.
True
64
What river Cahor AOC lie on?
Lot River
65
What are two **administrative** regions covered by the South-West wine region?
1. Most of Nouvelle-Aquitaine
2. Half of Occitanie
66
What is well known production area Cotes de Gascone IGP shares with?
Armagnac
67
Name the grape variety that produced by the cross of Handabrribi Beltza and Fer Servadou.
Gros Cabernet
68
What grape variety is well known in Argentina and synonym of Cot?
Malbec
69
What are two primary grapes of Jurancon?
* Gros Manseng
* Petit Manseng
Jurancon is white (dry, semi-sweet and sweet) wines only AOC
and Bearn AOC wines are also made here.
70
What grape was once an important part of the Bordeaux blend and today found success in Cahors?
Cot (aka Malbec)
71
True or False
Cotes de Begerac wines must NOT be dry
True
72
What is the Cot grape referred locally in Cahors?
Auxerrois
73
What is a primary red grape in Gaillac where it is known as "Braucol"?
Fer Servadou
74
Name the four grape varieties that Gaillac Blanc Sec and Gaillac Blanc Sec Perle are based on.
* Mauzac
* Mauzac Rose
* Muscadelle
* Len de 'El / Loin de l'Oeil
75
Which route is well transversed by pilgrims in the South-West?
Path to Santiago de Compostela in Spain
76
Point out the requirement on the label of Jurancon AOC Dry White wines.
"Sec" must aplpear on the label so that consumers know there is no residual sugar for Jurrancon Sec wines
77
True or False
Armagnac is the famous brandy of Gascony and has AOC status.
True
78
What is the soil of sand-clay with dotted galets called locally in Jurancon?
Poundingues
79
What is another name used for Cot in Cahors?
Auxerrois
80
Which well known area shares the same zone of production as Cotes de Gascogne IGP?
Armagnac
81
Describe "Micro-Oxygeneration"
Very small quantities of oxygen are bubbled through a vat of fermenting wine to keep yeast healthy and avoid stuck fermentation.
Likewise small qunatities of oxygen can be bubbled through a vat of finished wine to polymerize tannins, clarity and stablize.
This technique is employed worldwide today.
82
What AOC lies deep within Gascony on the left bank of the Ardour River?
Madiran AOC
83
Which sub-region is the southernmost of the South-West?
Pyrenees
84
By having small amounts of oxygen bubbled through a vat of fermenting wine i.e. Micro-Oxygeneation, what are two beneficial effects?
* Keep yeasts healthy
* Avoids stuck fermentations
85
True or False
There is one AOC to cover the entire region of the South-West wine region and an AOC for each of the three sub-regions.
False
No AOCs for the entire region nor sub-region.
86
Which AOC the Micro-Oxygenation started and who came up with the idea?
* Madiran AOC
* Patrick Ducournau
87
What is AOC that has widest wine styles in South West?
Gaillac AOC
88
What is the production percentages of:
* Dry White
* Sweet White
* Rose
* Red
in **Cotes de Gascone IGP**?
* 75% Dry White
* 10% Sweet White
* 8% Rose
* 7% Red
89
What are two well known AOCs in the Pyrenees sub-region?
1. Madiran
2. Jurancon
90
Which two wine regions sandwitch the Garonne, Tarn and Lot sub-region?
* Bordeaux
* Languedoc
91
True or False
Cotes de Bergerac AOC whites can be dry, semi-sweet or sweet.
False
Cotes de Bergerac whites cannot be DRY.
92
Name the two well known AOCs in Dordgone/ Bergerac sub region.
1. Bergerac
2. Monbazillac
93
In Bergerac, what is focused for red blends made there?
Early ripening Merlot to soften the more astringent tannins of the two Cabernets.
94
What is the wine style of Madiran AOC?
Red only
Must contain more than 50% Tannat
95
What are three primary soil types the vines are planted in Cahors AOC?
1. Limestone plateaus of the Causses
2. Gravelly slopes
3. River terraces
96
What is climate of Dordogne/Bergerac sub-region as a whole?
Continental
97
What is the speciality grape of Fronton?
Negrette
98
What four RED grapes are primarilly used in Bergerac/Dordogne?
* Cabernet Sauvginon
* Cabernet Franc
* Merlot
* Cot
99
Name the top four AOCs by the South-West region's production.
1. Bergerac AOC (22%)
2. Cahors AOC (12%)
3. Gaillac AOC (11%)
4. Monbazillac AOC (8%)
100
What are two sweet wines from Gaillac are called?
* Gaillac Doux
* Gaillac Vendanges Tardives
101
List FOUR wine styles made in Jurancon AOC.
* Dry White
* Semi-Sweet White
* Sweet White
* Vendanges Tardives
102
What are the followng grapes called in Madiran:
* Fer Servadou
* Cabernet Franc
* Fer Servadou = Pinenc
* Cabernet Franc = Bouchy
103
Which South-West grape variety has been adopted in Uruguay?
Tannat
104
Which culture influenced the South-West historically?
Basque
105
Name three primary white grapes of Gaillac AOC.
* Len de l'El / Loin de l"Oeil
* Mauzac Blanc
* Muscadelle
106
True or False
Jurancon Sweet and Jurancon Vendanges Tardives wines are affected by Noble Rot.
False
107
What grape variety resulted from the cross of Gros Cabernet (a Hondarribi Bleza x Fer Servadou cross) and Cabernet Franc?
Carmenere
108
What grape is a cross of South-West native Magdelaine Noire des Charentes and Cabernet Franc which originated in Spanish Basque Country?
Merlot
109
True or False
Cotes de Gascogne IGP production is 75% dry white.
True
110
What are two grape vareties used for Methode Ancestrale in Gaillac AOC?
And two varieties for Traditional Method?
* Methode Ancestrale - Mauzac Blanc and/or Rose
* Traditional Method: Len de l'El and Mazac
111
Name the second largest IGP in production volume in France.
Cotes de Gascogne IGP
Second only to Pays d'Oc IGP
112
What four grape varieties typically make up Gaillac AOC Whites?
* Mauzac
* Mauzac Rose
* Muscadelle
* Len de l'El
113
How are Gaillac white primeur style wine made?
* Cool fermentation
* Early bottling
Deliverying a very fresh, simple quaff that represents a small niche segment of production
114
Are some South-West Reds made as vin primeur?
Yes
115
What are the two ways that Blanc Sec Perle can be made?
* Carbon Dioxide can be captured during malolactic conversion so when bottled the wine retains the "peales"
* CO2 can be added to the wine after malolactic conversion is complete
116
This appellation is equidistant from the Atlantic and the Pyrenees and is bordered by Saint-Mont to the north.
Name the AOC
Madiran AOC
117
How is the sweet wine of Pachrenc du Vic Bilh AOC made?
Passerillage Only
Not by Botrytis infection
118
What is the minimum passes required for Jurancon Vendanges Tardives wines?
At least two passes
119
What is the minimum sweetness level required for Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC White Sweet Wine?
4.5% / 45 g/l
120
Which two grape varieties are crafted for Vendanges Tardives in Gaillac AOC?
How are the grapes harvested?
* Len de l'El
* Ondenc
* Passerrillage
* Botrytis
* Hand harvested
121
What are two beneficail end results of Micro-Oxydation?
* Softens the tannins
* Eliminates Reduction issues
122
What are the soils of Fronton AOC?
Sandy clays (***Boulbenes***)
123
Name SIX rivers that influence the South-West region.
1. Dordogne
2. Lot
3. Tam
4. Garonne
5. Gers
6. Adour
124
For Jurancon AOC Sweet wines, in addition to Passerillage (raisining on the vine), are they also botrytized?
No.
Passerillage only
125
What are three styles of Sparkling wines produced in Gaillac AOC?
* Methode Ancestrale
* Traditional Method
* Blanc Sec Perle
126
True or False
All Monbazillac wines must use 50% of the primary varieties (Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon, Muscadelle).
False
Requires 80% of the primary grapes
127
Name the red grape used to make Gaillac Primeur.
* Red: 100% Gamay
128
True or False
Bergerac AOC allows for Varietal wines.
False
All wines must be blends of at least two varieties and contain up to 50% of the primary varieties
129
List the borders of the South-West wine region
* West - the Atlantic
* East - the Massif Central
* South - the Pyrenees
* North - Bordeaux
130
What is the native grape to the Adour River Basin and main grape in Madiran?
Tannat
131
What is the grape variety used for Rose wines in Gaillac AOC?
Mauzac Rose
132
What appellation is the largest dessert wine appellation by size and volume in France?
Monbazillac AOC
133
What two styles of Sweet whites are made in Gaillac AOC?
* Doux
* Vendanges Tardives
134
What are three primary grarpes used in Gaillac Rose and Red wines?
* Duras
* Syrah
* Fer Sevadou
135
As a general rule, are the wines of Monbazillac AOC sweeter than those from Saunternes?
Yes
136
Name the varieties as a result of the cross between Cabernet Franc and South-West native Magdeleine Noire des Charantes.
Merlot
137
What two grapes (either one or both) must constitute Vendanges Tradives Sweet wine of Jurancon AOC?
* Gross Manseng
* Petit Manseng
138
Name one white grape variety popular for dry and sweet wine, another variety important in Gaillac.
* Len de l'El / Loin de l'Oeil for white
* Mauzac Blanc for sparkling
139
True or False
Irouleguy AOC makes only dry and sweet white wines.
False
It only makes Rose and Red wines.
140
What RED grape variety is used as a primary or secondary grape throughout the Garonne, Tarn and Lot sub-region?
Cot
141
What is the style of wines Cahors AOC?
Red wines only
142
What are two primary white grapes in the Pyrenees sub-region?
* Gros Manseng - bring freshness to thedry wines of Jurancon, Saint-Mont and Pacherene du Vic-Bilh
* Petit Manseng - Develops high sugar levels white maintaining acidity - for sweet wines of Jurancon and Pacherene du Vic-Bilh
143
What are soils of Madiran AOC?
Pebble-studded limestone rich clays and silts
144
What AOC features Negrette grape variety?
Fronton AOC
145
What three soil types found in Pecharmant?
* Red clay
* Flint
* Gravels
146
Jurancon AOC sweet wines are labeled "Jurancon". What does label show for dry white wines made in Jurancon.
Jurancon Sec.
147
What are four white grape varieties that primarilly make up Pacherenc du Vic-Bilh AOC?
* Gros Manseng
* Petit Manseng
* Corbu
* Petit Corbu
148
What two synonyms Fer Servadou are known for?
1. Braucol
2. Pinenc
149
What Red varieties must be included in Irouleguy Red wines?
* Tannat
and/or
* Cabernet Franc
150
What is general climate of the South-West?
Continental
The appellaitons are influenced by the topographical features that are in closest proximity. to them
151
Name the principal grape of Madiran AOC and the country it became the speciality grape.
* Tannat
* Uruguay
152
This versitile grape has been cultivated in Fronton as far as can be remembered.
It can produce both fruity red and rose wines to enjoy in their youth as well as substantial wines capable of aging.
Negrette
153
Which river is in close proximity to Coteaux du Quercy, Fronton and Gaillac?
Tarn River
154
What was the most planted grape in South-West before phylloxera?
Cot
155
Historically how were the wines of Cahors AOC known for?
"Black Wines of Cahors
