Bordeaux Flashcards
1
Q
What are “Cool Soils” and where are they found in Bordeaux?
A
Clay and Limestone
On the right bank of the Gironde and Dordogne as well as on the hill sides of Entre-Deux-Mers.
The soils are dense and moisture-retaining, they do not speed up ripening process.
Suit for early ripening varieties such as Merlot, Malbec and Caberent Franc.
2
Q
Describe soils of the Medoc AOCs.
A
Generally Gravel mounds on limestone
3
Q
How many Co-operatives and Co-operative unions in Bordeaux and what is their share of the harvest?
A
- 29 Co-operatives
- 3 Co-operative Unions
- 23% of harvest
4
Q
‘True or False
Graves Superieurs AOC ONLY produces Sem-Sweet white wines acoss the entire Graves area.
A
True
5
Q
True or False
One vine of botrytized grapes yields one to three glasses of wine.
A
True
The finished wines must possess residual sugar to excess of 4.5% (45 g/l).
6
Q
True or False
In Bordeaux, Clairet is made by often using Saignee (Bleeding) method with a very short maceration, 24 to 36 hrs skin contact and then bled off to ferment as white wine.
A
True
7
Q
True or White
85% of wine producgton in Graves AOC is Red.
A
True
8
Q
True or False
Most red Bordeaux AOC wiens are made from blends based on Merlot for light tannins and are best drunk young.
A
True
9
Q
How many AOCs are in Sautennais sub region?
A
3 AOCs (Barsac/Sauternes/Cerons)
10
Q
What are three white grape varieties used in Graves?
A
- Sauvignon Blanc
- Semillon
- Muscadelle
11
Q
True or False
Bordeaux Blanc Sec (dry white) wines are primarilly Sauvignon Blanc or blends with Semillon.
A
True
12
Q
True or False
Cremant de Bordeaux AOC wines are produced by the traditional method only.
A
True
13
Q
What percentage does Entre-Deux-Mers wine region produce out of all Bordeaux white wine production ?
A
Nearly 25%
14
Q
What are the soil makeup of Saint-Julien DOC?
A
Gravel mounds over sub soils of clay, marl and iron-pan.
15
Q
True or False
The Haut-Medoc AOC covers the southern two-thirds of the Medoc Peninsula.
A
True
16
Q
True or False
Moulis-en-Medoc wines are primarilly made from Merlot.
A
True
With higher content of clay and marls.
17
Q
True or False
Haut-Medoc AOC also covers the six specific commune AOCs.
A
False
18
Q
True or False
Entre-Deux-Mers AOC which covers the entire Entre-Deux-Mers area makes only Dry White wines.
A
True
19
Q
True or False
The majority of the Chateaux ranked in the Classificaiton of 1855 are in the the four communes of the Medoc Peninsula.
A
True
20
Q
What are three AOCs located directly across the Garonne River from the famous sweet wine regions of the Sauternais?
State the wine sttyle their production.
Which of the three is the most prestigeous?
A
- Cadillac AOC
- Loupiac AOC
- Sainte-Croix-du-Mont AOC
- Sweet White Wine
- Sainte-Croix-du-Mont (contains more gravel soils)
21
Q
What are four primary grapes of the Libournais AOCs?
A
- Merlot
- Cabernet Franc
- Cabernet Sauvginon
- Cot
22
Q
Based on the soil types of clay and limestone, Fronsac AOC and Canon Fronsac AOC, the only two AOCs west of Isle River in the Libourna, produce wines based on two grapes.
What are the varieties?
A
- Merlot
- Cabernet Franc
23
Q
What is the main difference betweent Bordeaux Haut-Benauge DGC and Entre-Deux-Mers Haut-Benauge DGC as far as wine style is concerned?
A
- Bordeaux Haut-Benauge produces Dry and Semi-Sweet wines
- Entre-Deux-Mers Haut-Benauge Dry whites using the same grape varieties.
24
Q
True or False
Barsac AOC producers may label their wine as Sauternes if desired.
A
True
Barsac is included in the Sauternes zone of production.
25
What soil type is featured in Margaux AOC?
Sand in the sub-soil below the gravel which is quick to warm and not very water retentaive.
26
True or False
The soil of Saint-Estephe has a higher percentage of clay than the southern neighbours.
True
As a result the higher percentage of Merlot in the Cabernet Sauvginon-dominant blend relative to other communes of the Medoc.
27
What mesoclimate is special to Sautenais sub-region?
The morning mist caused by the cooler waters of Ciron River meeting the warmer waters of the Garonne River promoting Botrytis / the noble rot.
28
True or False
Haut-Medoc is mostly covered by gravel top soil.
True
29
True or False
Medoc AOC located in the north of Medoc Peninsula and in genreal Merlot dominates.
True
More clay and limestone and less gravels in this area.
30
True or False
No dry white wines are allowed for Bordeaux Superieur DOC.
True
Red wines must have more strict production standards
No Alvarinho as the AOC is for Moelleux (semi-sweet) wines only
31
True or False
Bordeaux Superieus AOC Red wines must be aged at least until June 15 of the year following harvest.
True
32
What is Tris?
Muliple passes - hand picked several times to ensure only those desirable grape berries are picked.
33
Which river deposits small pebbles to its gravel beds in Graves de Vayres AOC?
Isle River
34
What feature protects Graves (of Bordeaux area) from the Altantic Ocean to the west?
Les Landes
35
This **RED** grape variety plantings are largely found in Bourg, Blaye and Entre-Deux-Mers.
What is it?
Cot (Malbec)
36
True or False
Cotes de Bordeaux AOC is red wine only AOC.
True
However three of DGCs also make white wine and two make sweet styles
37
How many categories were set for Sweet wines in the 1855 Classification?
What producer achieved the top status?
3 Categories
* Premier Cru Superieur
* Premier Cru
* Deuxieme Cru
* Chateau d'Yquem
38
Name the DGCs (3) that are NOT red wine only of Cotes de Bordeaux:
1. Blaye Cotes de Bordeaux DGC - Dry Whites+Red
2. Francs Cotes de Bordeaux DGC - Dry and Sweet Whites+Red
3. Saint-Foy Cotes de Bordeaux DGC - Dry, Semi-Sweet and Sweet Whites+Red
The other two are:
* Cadillac Cotes de Bordeaxu DGC - Red only
* Castillion Cotes de Bordeaux DGC - Red only
39
Since the 1855 classification was establishe for the Paris Exhibition, there was only one change.
What was the change?
Chateau Mouton Rothchild was promted from Deuxieme Cru to a Premier Cru in 1973.
40
Who were Bituriges Vivisci?
Romans conquered the tribe of Bituriges Vivisci who lived around what is the modern day Bordeaux.
41
Which river does Barsac AOC lie?
Ciron River
Located on the left bank across from Sauternes
42
What are two training methods in Bordeaux?
1. Taille medocaine
2. Single or double Guyot
43
What soil type is found close to the rivers in Enter-Deux-Mers AOC?
Alluvial deposits
44
True or False
The Majority of Cru Bourgeois chateaux are located within the Medoc and Haut-Medoc AOCs.
True
45
What are the followings in French:
* Punch Down
* Pump Over
* Rack and Return
* Punch Down - Pigeage
* Pump Over - Remontage
* Rack and Retrun - Delstage
46
What are three AOCs in the Sauternais?
* Sauternes
* Barsac
* Cerons
47
What are two primary grape varieties and four grape supplientary grape varieties in the Medoc sub region of Bordeaux?
1. Cabernet Sauvginon
2. Merlot
and suipplimentary grapes -
1. Cabernet Franc
2. Petit Verdot
3. Cot
4. Carmenere
48
What two AOCs are contained in Sautenais region and what special wine style they feature?
* Sauternes
* Barsac
* All sweet white wines
49
Two producers are found on iron rich soils in Saint-Emilion.
Name them.
* Chateau Figeac
* Chateau Cheval Blanc
50
Which commune is considered to be the most "Californian" of the Medoc communes?
Saint-Julian AOC
51
Which classification is only Bordeaux sub region classfication to rank both red and white wines?
Graves Classification (part of Pessac-Leognan AOC.
52
How many DGCs in Cotes de Bordeaux AOC?
List the DGCs.
5 DGCs
1. Blaye Cotes de Bordeaux DGC
2. Cadillac Cotes de Bordeaux DGC
3. Castillon Cotes de Bordeaux DGC
4. Francs Cotes de Bordeaux DGC
5. Sainte-Foy Cotes de Bordeaux DGC
53
What AOC is used for red wines produced and dry wine wines produced in Sautenais sub-region?
* Red wines: Bordeaux AOC or Bordeaux Superieur AOC
* Dry White: Bordeaux AOC
54
Name two lightly pigmented wines produced in Bordeaux:
* Rose (which is pink)
* Clairet (which is light red)
55
What makes Pauillac AOC wines powerfully structured that age well and have a benchmark note of dusty cocoa in the Cabernet Sauvginon dominated blends as far as the soil is cocerned?
Gravelly soil with excellent natural drainage
56
What is Le Landes?
Man made forest to the west of Bordeaux which protects Bordeaux wine region.
57
What grape variety is planted in the two thirds of Sauternes?
Semillon
58
Name SIX allowed red grapes (vinified as Blanc de Noirs) for Cremant de Bordeaux AOC:
* Cabernet Sauvignon
* Merlot
* Cabernet Franc
* Petit Verdot
* Cot
* Carmenere
59
How many estates in Cru Bourgeois?
249 Estates - became formal in 2020
60
What does "Listrac" mean?
Either "fringe" or :edge.
61
What are three categories of Sainte-Emilion Grands Crus Classes?
1. Premiers Grands Crus Classes A (top category)
2. Premiers Grands Crus Classes B
3. Grands Crus Classes
62
What is the major difference between Moelleux and Sweet wines during the harvest?
Sweet wine category is hand harvested in multiple passes (Tris) so that to pick only the botritis affected grapes whilte the Moelleux it is optional so it may have a mix of both non and botritis affected grapes.
63
Three grapes make up almost 90% of area under vine in Bordeaux (2019).
List them .
* Merlot (59%)
* Cabernet Sauvginon (20%)
* Cabernet Franc (8%)
64
True or False
All the Medoc AOCs are Red wine only.
True
65
The 1855 Classificaion categorized producers in the Medoc and Sauternes with one exception.
Name the exception.
Chateau Haut Brion
in Pessac-Leognan (in Graves)
66
True or False
Libournaios sub-region only produces red wines.
True
67
Name the categories in Cru Bourgeois.
* Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnels (top category)
* Cru Bourgeois Superieur
* Cru Bourgeois
Rankings reviewed every five years
68
Whare are two primary red grapes and four secondary grapes in Graves?
* Cabernet Sauvginon
* Merlot
* Cabernet Franc
* Petit Verdot
* Carmenere
* Cot
69
What is another name of Downy Mildew and who developed to combat it?
Peronospera
Jura born botanist/mycologist Pierre-Maire-Alexis Millardet working at the Univeristy of Bordeaux developed "Bordeaux Mixture" (Copper-Sulfate application)
70
True or False
Bordeaux AOC and Bordeaux Superieur AOC covers the same area and use exactly the same grape varieties.
False
Bordeaux Superiur Blanc wines must be made Moelleux or semi sweet in style and NO DRY white Bordeaux Superieur. ***Alvarihno is not Allowed.***
71
True or False
Bourg AOC is a part of Cotes de Bordeaux AOC.
False
72
In what year did the extenisve winter freeze destroy much of the Cot crop in Bordeaudx and South-West France?
1956
73
Who was Emile Paynaud and what did he accomplish?
Professor of Oeonology of Bordeaux.
Paynaud encouraged wine makers to use the fruits from young vines for their second labelled wine - a second wine.
This gave a boost to the quality of the Grand Vin - the primary and most important wine that the chateaui produces.
74
What are two new approved white grape varieties in Bordeaux?
* Alvarinho
* Liliorila
75
List five top harvested (as of 2019) grape varieties of Bordeaux.
1. Merlot (59%)
2. Cabernet Sauvginon (20%)
3. Cabernet Franc (8%)
4. Semillon (5%)
5. Sauvignon Blanc (5%)
76
Describe soil types suiting Cabenret Sauvignon and Merlot in the Medoc?
* Cabernet Sauvginon: Gravel on Limestone
* Merlot: Less Gravel and More Clay
77
Which sub region was the first vineyards planted in Bordeaux?
Graves
78
What are three appellations that make Sweet Wines as well in Entre-Deux-Mers?
* Graves de Vayres AOC
* Premieres Cotes-de-Bordeaux AOC
* Cotes de Bordeaux Saint-Macaire AOC
79
What are five sub-regions in Bordeaux AOC region?
* Medoc
* Graves
* Sautennais
* Entre-Deux-Mers
* Libournais
80
What two soil types typicalluy found in the Cotes vineyards?
* Clay
* Limestone
81
What well known AOC is located within Graves?
Pessac-Leognan
82
What is the main difference between regular red wine and Clairet?
Short macerating time - 24 to 36 hours. It is made by Saignee method.
Rose wines have even shorter maceration time and also uses Saignee method in Bordeaux.
83
True or False
Bordeaux and Bordeaux Superieur AOCs, the regional appellations of Bordeaux, are responsible for approximately 50% of the region's production.
Ture
84
List two training systems in Bordeaux
* Taille Medocaine
* Guyot
85
List French equivalent terms of the follwings:
* Punch Down
* Pump-Over
* Rack and Return
* Pigeage
* Remontage
* Delestage
86
Where does Entre-Deux-Mers sub-region lcoated?
Betwee the Two Seas, located between the Dordgone and Ganonne Rivers.
87
What are "warm soils" and where are they found in Bordeaux?
Gravel and Sands
Primarilly on the left bank of the Gironde and Garonnne as well as parts of Entre-Deux-Mers
They warm up quikcly and radiatte back up into the vine canopy and well drained.
Suit late ripening varieties like Cabernet Sauvginon and Petit Verdot.
88
True or False
Haut-Medoc covers the one third of the Medoc Peninsula?
False
Two thirds of the Medoc Peninsula
89
True or False
The majority of the Cru Bourgeios are located within Medoc and Haut-Medoc AOCs.
True
90
What status is entitled to those AOCs in the Graves Classification?
Grand Cru Classed de Graves (may be labeled Cru Classe de Graves)
91
Which sub region AOCs Premieres Cotes de Bordeaux AOC and Cotes Bourdeaux located?
Entre-Deux-Mers
Located along the right bank of the Garonne
92
White three WHITE grape varieites that must be used for Bordeaux Superieur AOC at least 70%?
* Sauvginon Blanc
* Semillon
* Muscadelle
93
Which area in Bordeaux was the first vineyards planted?
Graves
94
What two AOCs are located inland, away from the tempering influence of the Gironde so the climate is a bit cooler?
* Listrac Medoc
* Moulis-en-Medoc
95
What are the four second grape varieties of the Medoc AOCs after Cabernet Sauvginon and Merlot?
1. Cabernet Franc
2. Petit Verdot
3. Cot
4. Carmenere
96
Define "Grand Vin".
The primary or most important lable that a Chateux produces.
97
What is Burdigala?
During the Roman times, Bordeaux was known as the town of Burdigala.
98
True or False
With climate change, Bordeaux needs drought-resistant rootstocks.
True
99
True or False
Bordeaux boasts the greatest percentage of large estates of any wine region in France.
True
100
What wine styles does Bordeaux Haut-Benauge produce using which two grapes?
* Dry and Semi Sweet
* Largely from Semillon and Sauvginon Blanc
101
How many estates are classfied in Cru Artisan?
36 Estates
102
True or False
About 70% of Bordeaux wine is sold through a network of 300 wine traders that deal with importers in over 165 countries.
True
103
Name the two AOCs in Blaye not a part of Cotes de Bordeaux.
* Blaye AOC
* Cotes de Blaye AOC
104
True or False
Entre-Deux-Mers AOC produces more dry whites than the Bordeaux AOC
False
Entre-Deux-Mers AOC produces nearly 25% all the dry white wines in Bordeaux while the Bordeaux AOC produces over 60% (2018).
105
What are "Petits Chateaux"?
**Unranked chateaux** as many of the top growth Bordeaux wines priced themselves out and consumers renewed interest in findind value.
106
Name a Satellite AOC of Pomerol AOC.
Lalande-de-Pomerol AOC
107
What are two other names Bourg AOC known for and officially recognized?
* Cotes de Bourg AOC
* Bourgeais AOC
108
What are two principal red grape varieties in the Cotes de Bordeaux?
Merlot and Cabernet Franc
109
How many AOCs are in the Libournais?
What is the wine style?
* 10 AOCs
* Red Wine only
110
What is arguably the most famous of the Medoc's commune AOCs?
Pauillac AOC
111
Who contributed to the third golden age of Bordeaux?
Robert Parker
Launched Wine Advacate and was evangelical about the merits of teh 1982 vintage - giving high scroes to the wines.
This brought world attention to Bordeaux.
112
Historically, different grape varieties faded due to vineyard plagues and climate in Bordeaux.
List the following grapes in order of their decline:
* Malbec
* Carmenere
* Petit Verdot
1. Carmenere - vineyard plagues in 1800s
2. Petit Verdot - trouble ripening after phylloxera
3. Malbec - the winter freeze of 1956, Merlot took its place
113
What measures (4) are taken to combat the effects of global warming by Bordeaux vignerons?
* Used to place draining pipes or drainage underground to whisk away excess water but now switching to drought resistant rootstocks
* Introducing late-ripeining, heat-tolerant varieties
* Investigating disease resistant hybrid varieties
* Rethinking leaf removal to protect the clusters from sunburn
114
What are three regional Bordeaux AOCs?
* Bordeaux AOC
* Bordeaux Superieul AOC
* Cremant de Bordeaux AOC
115
True or False
As of 2019, most of the Bordeaux produced (56%) is consumed in France, less than half (44%) is exported. But what is exported is often very high endo Bordeaux.
True
116
True or False
Cerons AOC may label its dry red wines as Graves and its semi-sweet wines as Graves Superieures.
True
Due to higher gravel and sand soil content than Sauternes and Barsac.
117
Which first growth classificed prodcuer was the first to build a physical building i.e. chateau and the only non Medoc classified producer in the 1855 Classification?
Chateau Haut-Brion.
118
What is the most widely planted grape variety in Bordeaux?
Merlot
119
True or False
Production of Saint-Emilion Grand Cru is over three times the production of Saint-Emilion AOC.
True
As of 2018
120
What AOC is used for white wines made in the Medoc?
Bordeaux AOC
121
True or False
Soils in the Haut-Medoc AOC are gravels atop subsoils.
True
122
Aside from lower yields and higher minimum alcohol than Saint-Emilon AOC, what are three additional requirements of Saint-Emilion Grand Cru?
* Must be bottled at the chateau
* Undergo two tastings before and after the aging period
* Mandatory one year ageing
123
Name the three White grape varieties that must make at least 70% of the white Cremant de Bordeaux AOC.
1. Semillon
2. Sauvignon Blanc
3. Muscadelle
124
What wine styles Graves and Sauternais feature?
* Graves: Both Red and White wines
* Sautenais: Sweet Whie wines
125
What are three AOCs located directly across the Garonne from the Saunternes vineyards?
Which one of three is considered to be the most prestigeous and why?
1. Cadillac AOC
2. Loupiac AOC
3. Saint Croix-du-Mont AOC
* Saint-Croix-du-Mont AOC is considered to be the most prestigeous because of greater concentration of gravels in the soils.
126
True or False
Bordeaux Superieur AOC must have 70% of the primary white varieties at least and must be Moelleurx (semi-sweet).
True
127
True or False
Cremant de Bordeaux is the region-wide appellation for Sparkling wines.
True
128
How many AOCs in the Medoc sub region?
What are their wine styles?
* 8 AOCs
* Red wines only
129
Name the St Emilion classfication category
1. Premier Grand Classe Cru 'A'
2. Premier Grand Class Cru 'B'
3. Grand Cru Classe
All Classfied producers must be Saint-Emilion Grand Cru AOC.
130
What is the predominant grape variety in Entre-Deux-Mers?
Sauvginon Blanc
131
Bordeaux Sauvginon Blanc wines used to be know as mineral with herbal overtones.
Today Sauvginon Blanc has become more aromatic.
Why?
Judicious use of Copper-Sulfite sprays to combat mold and mildews
132
True or False
Planting density is generally higher for less fertile soil in the Medoc.
True
133
How many estates were ranked in Saint-Emilion Grands Crus Classes?
82 Estates
134
Which commune of the Medoc is said to produce the most delicate, perfumed and elegant of all of the Medoc commune wines and is home to one of the Premier Cru Classes?
Margaux AOC
135
Name DGC of Entre-Deux-Mers AOC.
Entre-Deux-Mers Haut-Benauge.
136
How many AOCs are in Libournais sub-region?
10 AOCs
137
Which classification system in Bordeaux that ranks the wines not the estatles
Crand Crus Classes de Graves
138
What is the grape variety allowed in Graves Rose / Gris?
Sauvignon Gris
139
What soil type does contribute to Pomerol AOC wines to be velvety, round and generous?
Iron rich soil
140
Today 97% or Bordeaux plantings are made up of three red grapes and three white grapes.
List them.
1. Red: Merlot
2. Red: Cabernet Sauvgignon
3. Red: Cabernet Franc
4. White: Sauvignon Blanc
5. White: Semillon
6. White: Muscadelle
141
Which two rivers are responsible for Noble Rot in Sauternes AOC?
Ciron and Garonne Rivers
The source of the Ciron is a spring which has cooler waters than the Garonne. In the autumn, when the climate is warm and dry, the different temperatures from the two rivers meet to produce mist that descends upon the vineyards from evening to late morning.
142
Which commune is considered to have the wines the most delicate, perfumed and elegant of all the Medoc communes?
Margaux AOC
143
What are two AOCs with iron rich soils to produce soft, velvety and generous wines in the Right Bank?
Pomerol
Lalande-de-Pomerol
144
What wine styles are produced in Bordeaux Superieur AOC?
* Semi-Sweet
* Red wines
145
Four Red and two White grape varieties were added for use in 2021 to respond to warmer climate conditions in Bordeaux.
What are the current limit of producer's vineyard and in blends for the newly added grapes?
List the Six grape varieties added
* 5% of producer's vineyard
* 10% of blends
Grape varieties are:
1. Red: Arinarnoa
2. Red: Castets
3. Red: Marselan
4. Red: Touriga Nacional
5. White: Alvarinho
6. White: Lilioria
146
Which producer was elevated to the first growth from the second after the original 1855 Classification and the only one to do so in its history?
Chateau Mouton Rothchild
147
Graves de Vayres AOC is known for its gravel beds. What is the source of the pebbles?
The Isle River
148
True or False
For Bordeaux Moelleux, selective sorting is not manadated, meaning they may include grapes affected by Botrytis.
True
149
What wine styles (2) Entre-Deux-Mers AOCs focus on?
* Dry White
* Sweet
150
What soil type is primarilly found in the Medoc and Graves areas of the Bordeaux?
Gravel (mounds)
151
What is the major difference in winemaking for Bordeaux Clairet compared to regular Bordeaux red wines?
* Short maceration period - 24 to 36 hours
* Wine is bled off the skins by the Saignee method
152
In Saint-Emilion, which soil type provides the following profile:
* High acidity and Velvety tannins
* More fruit-forward
* Limestone - high acidity and velvety tannins
* Sand - more fruit forward
153
True or False
Soils in the sub region of Medoc are mostly gravel mounds atop limestone.
True
154
Which of the Medoc communes has more classified growths and is famously home to the three Premier Crus Classes out of five?
Pauillac with 17 classified growths
155
Which river creates cool waters mist to the Sauternais sug-region?
The Ciron River
156
How many AOCs in Entre-Deux-Mers?
7 AOCs
Three are directly across from Garonne River from Sauterne and Sweet wine AOC
1. Cadillac AOC
2. Loupiac AOC
3. Saint-Croix-du-Mont AOC
4. Graves de Vayres AOC (White/Red/Semi Sweet White)
5. Premieres Cotes de Bordeaux AOC (Semi Sweet to Sweet White)
6. Cotes de Bordeaux Saint-Macaire AOC (Dry White, Semi-Sweet White, Sweet White)
7. Entre-deux-Mers AOC (Dry White)
157
What wine style the three AOCs directly across the Garonne from Sautneres vineyards produce?
Which AOC produces the sweetest wine of the three?
* Sweet white wines from the usual Bordeaux grapes
* Cadillac AOC - Min R.S. 5.4% / 54 g/l
* Loupiac AOC / Saint Croix-du-Mont AOC both have Min R.S. of 4.5% / 45 g/l
158
What is the dominant grape variety of Entre-Deux-Mers sub-region?
* Sauvignon Blanc
* Most makes Dry and Sweet WHITE wines
159
How many classificed growhs in Pauillac AOC?
17
More than any other commune in the Medoc
160
Whith two white grape varieties take the lead in the Cotes de Blaye?
Ugni Blanc
Colombard
161
Which AOC in Bordeaux is the most famous sweet wine AOC in tthe world.
Sauternes AOC
162
True or False
In Bordeaux, Rose can come in either Dry or Sweet.
In Bordeaux, Rose wines are always DRY.
163
True
All Bordeaux Superieur must be estate-bottled.
True
164
True or False
Cru Artisans recognizes "boutique" wineries of quality which are entirely responsible from the vineyard to the bottle.
True
Small (2.5 - 12. 5 acres / 1 to 5 hectres)
165
True or False
Most Bordeaux Cahier des Charges do not differentiate between primary and secondary grapes.
True
166
True or False
Pessac Leognan AOC white wines are acidic and oaked and can age gracefully for a decade or two.
True
167
What is another name of Powdery Mildew and what can combat it?
Oidium
Sulfur sprays
168
True or False
Bordeaux Superieur Blanc wines are all semi sweet (Moelleux).
True
169
Why would Listrac wines be considered heavier and denser than the other Medoc communes as related to the soil type is concerned?
More clay sands and limestone, benefit from a few years in the celllars
170
True or False
Bordeaux is mostly flat.
Elevation peaks in Sainte-Foy Cotes de Bordeaux, the eastern most appellation on the Right Bank.
True
171
After Phylloxera hit Bordeaux in 1860s, what became the result of replanting?
Impetus to replace white grape varieities with red and Bordeaux's production began to shift accordingly
172
What are Moelleux and Liquoreux?
* Moelleux - Semi Sweet wine - hand picked but may include noble rot
* Liquoreux - Sweet wine -hand picked with muliple passes (Tris). In most applications only those grapes that are infected with botryits are picked.
173
Which grape variety may not use Carmenere in Libournais sub-reiong?
Carmenere
174
List all 10 AOCs for Sweet Wine in Bordeaux:
1. Barsac AOC
2. Bordeaux Superieur AOC
3. Cadillac AOC
4. Cerons AOC
5. Cotes de Bordeaux Saint-Macaire AOC
6. Loupiac AOC
7. Premieres Cotes de Bordeaux AOC
8. Sainte-Croix-du-Mont AOC
9. Sauternes AOC
10. Graves de Vayres AOC
11. (Bordeaux Haut-Benauge AOC also produces semi sweet wine however this is a DGC)
175
Who launched Wine Advocate and touted the merits of the 1982 vintage, giving high scores to the wines?
Robert Parker
Propelled Bordeaux to enter the third Golden Age.
176
What are the primary grapes of Enter-Deux-Mers AOC?
* Sauvginon Blanc
* Semillon
* Muscadelle
177
What is the northernmost and a part of Graves AOC and received its AOC status in 1987?
Pessac-Leognan AOC
178
How many red and white wines fallen into one single classification - Grand Cru Classe de Graves?
13 Red
9 White
179
What are two AOCs in Libournais that lie on the right bank of the Isle River?
* Fransac AOC
* Canon Fransac AOC
180
What are two communes located more inland thatn the others in the Medoc with cooler climate?
Which grape variety is predominant in these areas?
* Listrac-Medoc AOC
* Moulin-Medoc AOC
* Merlot based
181
What AOC label can be used for white wines produced in all of the Libournais AOCs?
Bordeaux AOC
182
True or False
Approximately 10% of the Medoc Peninsula's entire production is made in the Medoc AOC.
False
40%
183
Which of the following is NOT a sweet wine appellation of Bordeaux?
1. Cadillac
2. Loupiac
3. Sainte-Croix-du-Mont
4. Cadillac Cotes de Bordeaux
4. Cadillac Cotes de Bordeaux
184
What wine style Entre-Deux-Mers AOC produce?
Dry white wines
185
True or False
All Bordeaux Superieur AOC must be estate-bottled.
True
186
The Saint-Emilon consists of 6 appellations with the two covering exactly the same zone of production.
The two are:
Saint-Emilon
Saint-Emilon Grand Cru - Must be bottled at the chateaux and undergo two tastings before and after its mandatory one year period of aging. Prodiction of Saint-Emilion Grand Cru AOC is over three times the production of Saint-Emilion AOC (2018)
* Saint-Emilion AOC
* Saint-Emilion Grand Cru AOC
187
Which two AOCs Haut-Benauge is DGC of?
* Bordeaux AOC
* Entre-Deux\_Mers
188
Which AOC may not use Carmenere in Libournais sub-region?
Pomerol
189
What are five secondary grapes in Entre-Deux-Mers AOC?
1. Colombard
2. Mauzac
3. Merlot Blanc
4. Ugni Blanc
5. Sauvginon Gris
190
Who encouraged Vignerons to use the fruit of young vine stocks under a second label, thereby boosting the quality of the Grand Vin?
Emile Paynaud, Professior of Oenologn at the University of Bordeaux.
191
True or False
Entre-Deux-Mers AOC must contain a blend of grape varieties.
True
Only Dry White wines produced
192
True or False
Cotes de Bordeaux is one of geogrpahical suib region of Bordeaux.
False
A group of vineyard areas that slope towards the rivers of Bordeaux and to the Garonne estuary.
193
What style of wines is produced in Graves Superieures AOC?
Semi-Sweet white wines only
by either Noble Rot or Passerillage
194
What grape variety dominates Saint-Julien AOC?
Cabernet Sauvignon
Often show chocolate and cherry
195
Why in Saint-Estephe AOC has higher percentage of Merlot in the Cabernet Sauvignon dominated blends compared to other communes of the Medoc?
More Clay than the communes to the South.
196
True or False
Geographically the vineyard areas that make up the Cotes de Bordeaux AOC are all in multiple sub-regions.
True
197
Why does Merlot dominate in the Medoc AOC as far as the soil makeup is concerned?
More Clay and Limestone and Less Gravel
198
True or False
Those estates categorized in Saint-Emilion Grands Crus Classes must FIRST be in Saint-Emilion Grand Cru AOC.
True
199
What are four Saint-Emilion Satellites AOC?
* Lussac Saint-Emiilion
* Montagne-Saint-Emilion
* Puisseguin-Saint-Emilion
* Saint-Georges-Saint-Emilion
200
What are two secondary grape varieties of the Libournais?
Out of the two, which grape variety is NOT permitted in Pomerol?
* Petit Verdot
* Carmenere
* Carmenere not permitted in Pomerol
201
What are flavor profiles (3) of Pomerol?
* Velvety tannins
* Hint of walnut
* Hint of prune
202
What is the main difference between Bordeaux Rose and that of Loire Valley?
And to the Rhone Rose?
* Always finshied dry unlike those of Loire
* Truly pink unlike those of Rhone
203
True or False
Bordeaux Rose has even shorter maceration time than Bordeaux Clairet so they are even paler.
True
Most often made by the Saignee method
204
Identify Wine Styles of the Blaye:
* Blaye Cotes de Bordeaux DGC
* Blaye AOC
* Cotes de Blaye AOC
* Blaye Cotes de Bordeaux DGC - Dry White, Red
* Blaye AOC - Red only
* Cotes de Blaye AOC - Dry White (from Colombard and Ugni Blanc)
205
What are two primary grape varieties in Cotes de Blaye AOC and what wine style does the AOC produce?
* Colombard and Ugni Blanc
* Dry White
* Blaye AOC is Red Only AOC
* Blaye Cotes de Bordeaux AOC is for Dry Red and Dry White
