The skeleton & joints

Question 1

What minerals are stored in bones

Answer 1

Calcium and Phosphorus

Question 2

What is produced in red bone marrow

Answer 2

Blood cells

Question 3

What is the name of the main bone shaft

Answer 3

Diaphysis

Question 4

What soft Tissue attaches to bone

Answer 4

Ligaments (bone to bone)

Tendon (muscle to bone)

Question 5

What vital organs are protected by the Sternum and ribs

Answer 5

Heart, lungs

Question 6

What ranges of motion are possible for the cervical spine

Answer 6

rotation

Question 7

What forms the axial skeleton

Answer 7

Spine, ribs, skull

Question 8

Which bones are more distal (distance) carpals or phalanges

Answer 8

phalanges

Question 9

Which bone is more proximal (close) ischium or tibia

Answer 9

ischium

Question 10

Name the bones that form the Pelvis

Answer 10

llium, ischium, pubis

Question 11

Name the bones that form the leg or lower limb

Answer 11

Femur, tibia, fibula, patella (knee cap)

Question 12

What is hyaline cartilage

Answer 12

The cartilage that forms the temporary skeleton of the foetus

Question 13

What is ossification

Answer 13

The process by which bone is formed in the body

Question 14

How can diet and exercise affect the health of bones

Answer 14

Caffeine, alcohol and carbonated drinks reduce the absorption of calcium
A healthy diet helps provide calcium e.g oily fish, dairy, vegetables

Question 15

How many natural curves are there in the developed spine

Answer 15

4

Question 16

What is natural spine alignment

Answer 16

S-shape

Question 17

What ranges of motion are possible for the thoracic spine

Answer 17

Flexion, extension, lateral flexion and rotation

Question 18

What is osteoporosis

Answer 18

Brittle bones

Question 19

How can diet and exercise affect the health of bones

Answer 19

Caffeine, alcohol and carbonated drinks reduce the absorption of calcium
A healthy diet helps provide calcium e.g oily fish, dairy, vegetables
Exercise helps to keep bone strong

Question 20

What is the name of an excess curvature of the lumbar sign

Answer 20

Lordosis

Question 21

What is the name of an excess curvature of the thoracic spine

Answer 21

Hypokyphosis

Question 22

What ranges of motion are possible for the cervical spine

Answer 22

Rotation

Question 23

What ranges of motion are possible for lumbar spine

Answer 23

some flexion, extension (possible but limited; rotation and lateral flexion)

Question 24

What is a joint

Answer 24

junction where 2 or more bones meet

Question 25

Name 3 classifications of joints

Answer 25

Fibrous, cartilaginous, synovial

Question 26

What are fibrous joints

Answer 26

Immovable and interlocking joints, eg plates in the skull

Question 27

What are cartilaginous joints

Answer 27

Slightly movable joints joined by cartilage eh vertebrae

Question 28

What are synovial joints

Answer 28

freely movable, most common joint eg hip, knee, shoulder, wrist elbow

Question 29

Give an example of a ball and socket joint

Answer 29

Shoulder

Question 30

Give an example of a hinge joint

Answer 30

Knee or elbow

Question 31

Give an example of a pivot joint

Answer 31

In forearm, ulua and radius

Question 32

Give an example of a saddle joint

Answer 32

Thumb joint

Question 33

What is the function of tendons

Answer 33

Connect Muscle to bone

Question 34

What are the functions of ligaments

Answer 34

Connect bone to bone enhancing joint stability Guiding joint motion prevent unwanted motion

Question 35

What id the function of cartilage

Answer 35

To withstand compressive forces

Question 36

What are characteristics of ligaments

Answer 36

tough white, non elastic, fibrous hung strung in cord formation

Question 37

What are characteristics of tendons

Answer 37

formed from muscle fibres

Question 38

What are characteristics of cartilage

Answer 38

dense, tough, fibrous, no blood supply

Question 39

What is synovial fluid

Answer 39

Gives lubrication to the joint

Question 40

What types of movements can the shoulder joint perform

Answer 40

flexion, extension, internal rotation, external rotation, adduction, abduction, horizontal flexion and horizontal extension

Question 41

What types of movements can the spine perform

Answer 41

Flexion, extension, lateral flexion, rotation

Question 42

What types of movements can the shoulder girdle perform

Answer 42

Elevation, depression, protraction, retraction

Question 43

What types of movements can the elbow preform

Answer 43

Flexion, extension, pronation, supination

Question 44

What types of movements can the hip perform

Answer 44

Extension, flexion, abduction, adduction, external and internal rotation, circumduction

Question 45

What Types of movements can the knee perform

Answer 45

Flexion, extension

Question 46

What types of movements can the ankle perform

Answer 46

Eversion, inversion, dorsiflexion, plantarflexion