Muscular system Flashcards
Name the 3 types of muscle
Smooth muscle- involuntary, controlled by nervous system
Cardiac muscle- found in the heart to pump blood around the body
Skeletal muscle- striated, crosses over the joints and attaches to the bones via tendons
Give an example of smooth muscle
Digestive system
Give an example of Cardiac Muscle
Heart
Give an example of skeletal muscle
Biceps, Quadriceps
Name the muscles of the leg
Quadriceps, hamstrings Tibialis Anterior, hip adductors, hip abductors, gluteus maximus, Gastrocnemius, sleus
Name the muscles of the arm
Biceps & triceps brachii
What is the sliding filament theory
Sliding filament theory is what is used to explain the contraction of skeletal muscle
What is the difference between fast and slow twitch muscle fibres (function)
slow twitch deliver more oxygen than fast, slow twitch is used in long term contractions, in aerobic conditions and is resistant to fatigue.
Fast twitch muscle fibres produce more force than slow twitch, they are less fatigue and are used in short term contractions in anaerobic conditions
How does isotonic muscle work
This describes muscle actions involving movement, eg concentric and eccentric
Which muscle flexes the knee
Hamstring
How does Concentric muscle work
The muscle generates force and shortens, eg the upward stage of a squat
How does Eccentric Muscle work
The muscle generates force and elongate usually on the lowering phase.
How does isometric muscle work
Generates force while staying the same length
What are the origin and insertion of the muscle
Origin; The end of the muscle attached to a bone. It doesn’t move during body movement, aka the proximal attachment. (muscles can have more than one of theses)
Insertion; The end of the muscle connected to the bone that moves during contraction. (the distal attachment). Muscles usually only have one of these.
Which muscle extends the hip
Gluteus medius
