Respitory system Flashcards
Where the lungs located
Found in the thorax in each side of the ribcage
What is the function of the lungs
Take in oxygen from the air and remove carbon dioxide
Where does oxygen enter the body during inhalation
Nose
How does oxygen pass through the respiratory tract
Nose- pharynx- larynx- trachea- primary bronchi- Bronchioles- Alveoli
What are the main muscles involved in breathing
Diaphragm and intercostal muscles
What is inspiration
Drawing air into the lungs - aka inhalation
What is expiration
Expelling air out of the lungs - aka expiration
What are the alveoli
Small air sacks surrounded by capillaries found in the lungs, this is where oxygen diffuses into the blood
What is gaseous exchange
Gaseous exchange takes place in the alveoli, oxygen diffuses into the blood stream and carbon dioxide is removed from the body via the blood, the carbon dioxide diffuses into the alveoli and is then expelled from the lungs
Where does Gaseous exchange take place
Alveoli
What is diffusion
The movement of gas from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration
How does exercise effect the respiratory system
Short term- tidal volume increases (more air is inhaled and exhaled) and the breathing rate increases
Long term- Capillary beds surrounding alveoli increase allowing greater potential for gas exchange. Respiratory muscles get stronger, no change to lungs
What is costal breathing
Shallow pattern of breathing through chest, which involves the contraction of external intercostal muscles.
What is diaphragmatic breathing
Deep method of breathing, Abdomen is encouraged to rise and fall, it involves the contraction and lowering of the diaphragm.
What is lateral thoracic breathing
This encourages the side and back of the ribcage to expand during inhalation to maximise expansion of the ribcage and use of lower lungs.
