The Skeletal System Flashcards
Condyle
A smooth, rounded articular process
Crest
A narrow ridge of bone, especially on its border
Epicondyle
Raised area near a condyle
Fissure
A deep furrow, cleft, or slit-like opening
Foramen
A rounded opening
Fossa
A shallow depression
Head
A rounded projection forming part of a joint, often separated from the shaft by a narrow “neck”
Spine
A sharp, pointed projection
Trochanter
A large, rough, blunt process
Tubercle
Small, round projection
Tuberosity
A rough projection
Long Bones
Have a shaft and two enlarged ends
Short Bones
Usually cube-shaped
Sesamoid Bones
Short bones that form within tendons
Flat Bones
Usually thin, curved and flattened
Irregular Bones
Complicated shapes that do not match the other categories
The human skeleton is organized into 2 major divisions:
1.
2.
- The axial skeleton
- The appendicular skeleton
What are the major bones of the axial skeleton?
-Skull and associated bones
-Thoracic cage
-Vertebral column
What are the major bones of the appendicular skeleton?
-Pectoral girdles
-Upper limbs
-Pelvic girdle
-Lower limbs
Compact bone is constructed of a solid matrix with numerous cavities and passageways for _______, blood vessels, and nerves.
Osteocytes
(Bone cells)
The structural unit of compact bone is called an ______.
osteon
At the center of the osteon is the _________ containing blood vessels and nerves.
Central (Haversian) canal
The ______ surrounding each central canal is deposited in rings termed _______.
matrix; lamellae
(Matrix is composed of hardened minerals and collagen fibers.)
Cavities, ______, in the matrix holding the living osteocytes.
lacunae