The Self Chapter 3 MCQ Flashcards
Self-knowledge (self-concept)
a set of beliefs about oneself
Interpersonal self (public self)
the image of the self that is conveyed to others
Agent self (executive function)
the part of the self involved in control, including both control over other people and self-control
Self as impuse
a persons inner thoughts and feelings
Self as institution
the way a person acts in public, especially in official roles
Independent self-construal
a self-concept that emphasizes what makes the self different and sets it apart from others
Interdependent self-construal
a self-concept that emphasizes what connects the self to other people and groups
Social roles
the difference roles a person plays, as in a play or a movie
Self-awareness
attention directed at the self
Private self-awareness
looking inwards on the private aspects of the self, including emotions, thoughts, desires and traits
Public self-awareness
looking outward on the public aspects of the self that others can see and evaluate
Standards
ideas (concepts) of how things might possibly be
Public self-consciousness
thinking about how others percieve you
Self-regulation
the process people use to control and change their thoughts, feelings and behaviours
Looking-glass self
the idea that people learn about themselves by imagining how they appear to others
Generalizes other
a combination of other peoples views that tells you who and what you are
Introspection
the process by which a person examines the contents of his or her mind and mental state
Social comparison
examining the difference between oneself and another person
Upward social comparison
Comparing yourself to people better than you
Downward social comparison
Comparing yourself to people worse off than you
Self-perception theory
the theory that people observe their own behaviour to infer what they are thinking and how they are feelings
Phenomenal self (working self-concept)
the image of the self that is currently active in the persons thoughts
Intrinsic motivation
wanting to perform an activity for its own sake
Extrinsic motivation
performing an activity because of something that results from it
Overjustification effect
the tendency for intrinsic motivation to diminish for activities that have become associated with rewards
Appraisal motive
the simple desire to learn the truth about oneself, whatever it is
Self-enhancment motive
the desire to learn favourable or flattering things about the self
Consistency motive
a desire to get feedback that confirms what the person already believes about himself or herself
Self-handicapping
putting obstacles in the way of ones own performance so that anticipated or possible failure can be blamed on the obstacle instead of on lack of ability
Automatic egotism
response by the automatic system that everything good is me and everything bad is not me
Self-reference effect
the finding that information bearing on the self is processed more thouroughly and more deeply, and hence remembered better than other information
Endowment effect
the finding that items gain in value to the person who owns them
Self-esteem
how favourably someone evaluates him or herself
Self-protection
trying to avoid loss of esteem
Self-deception strategies
mental tricks people use to help them believe things that are false
Self-serving bias
a pattern in which people claim credit for success but deny blame for failure
Sociometer
a measure of how desirable one would be to other people
Narcissism
excessive self-love and selfish orientation
Self-presentation
any behaviour that seeks to convery some image of self or some information about the self to other people
