Close Relationships Chapter 12 MCQ

Question 1

Passionate love (romantic love)

Answer 1

strong feelings of longing, desire, and excitement toward a special person

Question 2

Companionate love (affectionate love)

Answer 2

mutual understanding and caring to make the relationship succeed

Question 3

Passionate love (romantic love)

Answer 3

an emotional state characterised by high bodily arousal, such as increased heart rate and blood pressure

Question 4

Intimacy

Answer 4

a feeling of closeness, mutual understanding, and mutual concern for each others welfare and happiness

Question 5

Commitment

Answer 5

a conscious decision that remains constant

Question 6

Exchange relationships

Answer 6

relationships based on reciprocity and fairness, in which people expect something in return

Question 7

Communal relationships

Answer 7

relationships based on mutual love and concern, without expectation of repayment

Question 8

Attachment theory

Answer 8

a theory that classifies people into four attachment styles (secure, preoccupied, dismissing avoidant, and fearful avoidant) based on two dimensions (anxiety and avoidance)

Question 9

Secure attachment

Answer 9

style of attachment in which people are low on anxiety and low on avoidance, they trust their partners, share their feelings, provide and receive support and comfort, and enjoy their relationships

Question 10

Preoccupied (anxious/ambivalent) attachment

Answer 10

style of attachment in which people are low on avoidance but high on anxiety; they want and enjoy closeness but worry that their relationship partners will abandon them

Question 11

Dismissing avoidant attachment

Answer 11

style of attachment in which people are low on anxiety but high on aviodance, they tend to view partners as unreliable, unavailable, and uncaring

Question 12

Fearful avoidant attachment

Answer 12

style of attachment in which people have both high anxiety and high avoidance; they have low opinions of themselves and keep others from getting close

Question 13

Self-acceptance

Answer 13

regarding yourself as being a reasonably good person as you are

Question 14

Investment model

Answer 14

theory that uses three factors - satisfaction, alternatives, and investments - to explain why people stay with their long-term relationship partners

Question 15

Relationship-enhancing style of attribution

Answer 15

tendency of happy couples to attribute their partners good acts to internal factors and bad acts to external factors

Question 16

Distress-maintaining style of attribution

Answer 16

tendency of unhappy couples to attribute their partners good acts to external factors and bad acts to internal factors

Question 17

Social constructionist theories

Answer 17

theories asserting that attitudes and behaviours, including sexual desire and sexual behaviour, are strongly shaped by culture and socialisation

Question 18

Evoluationary theory

Answer 18

theory of sexuality asserting that the sex drive has been shaped by natural selection and that its forms thus tend to be innate

Question 19

Social exchange theory

Answer 19

theory that seeks to understand social behaviour by analyzing the costs and benefits of interacting with each other; it assumes that sex is a resource that women have and men want

Question 20

Coolidge effect

Answer 20

the sexually arousing power of a new partner (greater than the appeal of a familiar partner)

Question 21

Erotic plasticity

Answer 21

the degree to which the sex drive can be shaped and altered by social, cultural, and situational forces

Question 22

Extradyadic sex

Answer 22

having sex with someone other than ones regular relationship partner, such as a spouse of boy/girlfriend

Question 23

Social reality

Answer 23

beliefs held in common by several or many people; public awareness

Question 24

Paternity uncertainty

Answer 24

the face that a man cannot be sure that the children born to his female partner are his

Question 25

Double standard

Answer 25

condemning women more than men for the same sexual behaviour (e.g. premarital sex)

Question 26

Reverse double standard

Answer 26

condeming men more than women for the same sexual behaviour (e.g. premarital sex)