Close Relationships Chapter 12 MCQ Flashcards
Passionate love (romantic love)
strong feelings of longing, desire, and excitement toward a special person
Companionate love (affectionate love)
mutual understanding and caring to make the relationship succeed
Passionate love (romantic love)
an emotional state characterised by high bodily arousal, such as increased heart rate and blood pressure
Intimacy
a feeling of closeness, mutual understanding, and mutual concern for each others welfare and happiness
Commitment
a conscious decision that remains constant
Exchange relationships
relationships based on reciprocity and fairness, in which people expect something in return
Communal relationships
relationships based on mutual love and concern, without expectation of repayment
Attachment theory
a theory that classifies people into four attachment styles (secure, preoccupied, dismissing avoidant, and fearful avoidant) based on two dimensions (anxiety and avoidance)
Secure attachment
style of attachment in which people are low on anxiety and low on avoidance, they trust their partners, share their feelings, provide and receive support and comfort, and enjoy their relationships
Preoccupied (anxious/ambivalent) attachment
style of attachment in which people are low on avoidance but high on anxiety; they want and enjoy closeness but worry that their relationship partners will abandon them
Dismissing avoidant attachment
style of attachment in which people are low on anxiety but high on aviodance, they tend to view partners as unreliable, unavailable, and uncaring
Fearful avoidant attachment
style of attachment in which people have both high anxiety and high avoidance; they have low opinions of themselves and keep others from getting close
Self-acceptance
regarding yourself as being a reasonably good person as you are
Investment model
theory that uses three factors - satisfaction, alternatives, and investments - to explain why people stay with their long-term relationship partners
Relationship-enhancing style of attribution
tendency of happy couples to attribute their partners good acts to internal factors and bad acts to external factors
Distress-maintaining style of attribution
tendency of unhappy couples to attribute their partners good acts to external factors and bad acts to internal factors
Social constructionist theories
theories asserting that attitudes and behaviours, including sexual desire and sexual behaviour, are strongly shaped by culture and socialisation
Evoluationary theory
theory of sexuality asserting that the sex drive has been shaped by natural selection and that its forms thus tend to be innate
Social exchange theory
theory that seeks to understand social behaviour by analyzing the costs and benefits of interacting with each other; it assumes that sex is a resource that women have and men want
Coolidge effect
the sexually arousing power of a new partner (greater than the appeal of a familiar partner)
Erotic plasticity
the degree to which the sex drive can be shaped and altered by social, cultural, and situational forces
Extradyadic sex
having sex with someone other than ones regular relationship partner, such as a spouse of boy/girlfriend
Social reality
beliefs held in common by several or many people; public awareness
Paternity uncertainty
the face that a man cannot be sure that the children born to his female partner are his
Double standard
condemning women more than men for the same sexual behaviour (e.g. premarital sex)
Reverse double standard
condeming men more than women for the same sexual behaviour (e.g. premarital sex)
