The Science Behind Infection Prevention and Control Measures Flashcards
There are 11 VERY important steps for Outbreak Investigation
These are SOOOO worth memorizing >=/
Sorry for how long this card is
- Prepare for the investigation
- Confirm the existence of an outbreak
- Establish or verify diagnosis
- Search for additional cases; collect critical data; develop a line listing; collect specimens as indicated
- Characterize cases of disease by person, place, and time
- Take immediate control measures, if indicated
- Formulate tentative hypothesis to explain the observations
- Test hypothesis
- Plan an additional systematic study
- Implement and evaluate control and preventative measures
- Communicate findings
Impact of Healthcare-Associated Infection (HAI)
99,000 patient deaths/year
$22-28 billion/year in US
In the US, ______of in patient Staphylocccal infections are due to MRSA
60%
Contact Precautions Used to prevent spread of multi-drug-resistant organisms, ex:
VRE, MRSA, MDR Acinetobacter, etc.
Most GI tract pathogens (C. difficile)
Wash hands, ware gloves, etc
When does an infection become hospital aquired
48 hour into hospital
Community-acquired (CA) pneumonia
Pneumonia in patient NOT hospitalized or long-term-care for ≥ 14 days before onset of symptoms
Healthcare-associated (HCA) pneumonia
Patients who were hospitalized in an acute care hospital for ≥ 2 days within previous 90 days
Among Enterococcus species, vancomycin resistance is now >____
> 30%
Negative Outcomes Associated With Resistant Gram-Negative Infections
Doubled Mortality, Length of stay, and ↑ ↑ ↑ Cost
Breaks down sensitivity of organisms in each hospital
Anabiogram
Contact Precautions
- Private room
- hand hygiene
- Gloves and gowns donned prior to entry
- Used to prevent spread of multidrug-resistant organisms
How long do bugs live on surfaces
Spore forms live REALLY long
GNR live kinda long
Gram Pos lives the shortest
How many people got VRE during a hospital stay
8 %
Rooms with more VRE gave people VRE
THANK GOD I’M STUDYING THESE DETAILS!
MOST IMPORTANT FACT
Even if you do not touch the patient, you will still get exposed
42 % got MRSA on gloves even without touching the patient
What’s best to prevent VRE
glove AND gown
