the role of the father AO1 Flashcards
available evidence suggests that fathers are much …. likely to become babies’ …. attachment figure compared to ….. . for example, …. and ….. found that the majority of babies first became attached to their …. at around .. months. in only ..% of cases the ….. was the first sole object of attachment. in ..% of cases the father was the …. …. object of attachment with the ….. . however, it appears that most fathers go on to become …… attachment figures. ..% of the babies studied by ….. and …… formed an attachment with their father by the age of … months. this was determined by the fact that the babies ….. when their father walked away - a sign of …..
available evidence suggests that fathers are much less likely to become babies’ first attachment figure compared to mothers. for example, schaffer and emerson found that the majority of babies first became attached to their mother at around 7 months. in only 3% of cases the father was the first sole object of attachment. in 27% of cases the father was the joint first object of attachment with the mother.
however, it appears that most fathers go on to become important attachment figures. 75% of the babies studied by schaffer and emerson formed an attachment with their father by the age of 18 months. this was determined by the fact that the babies protested when their father walked away - a sign of attachment.
what did grossmann et al carry out?
a longitudinal study
what did grossman et al study?
- babies’ attachments were studied until they were into their teens
grossmann et al looked at both parents’ ….. and its …… to the …. of their baby’s …. attachments to other people. …. of a baby’s attachment with …. but not ….. was related to attachments in ….. . this suggests that attachment to ….. is …. important than attachment to …..
grossmann et al carried out a longitudinal study where babies’ attachments were studied until they were into their teens. the researchers looked at both parents’ behaviour and its relationship to the quality of their baby’s later attachments to other people. quality of a baby’s attachment with mothers but not fathers was related to attachments in adolescence. this suggests that attachment to fathers is less important than attachment to mothers.
however, grossmann et al also found that the quality of father’s …. with babies was related to the …. of ….. attachments. this suggests that fathers have a …. role from mothers - one that is more to do with …. and …. and …. to do with …. development
however, grossmann et al also found that the quality of fathers’ play with babies was related to the quality of adolescent attachments. this suggests that fathers have a different role from mothers - one that is more to do with play and stimulation and less to do with emotional development.
what is the distinction between primary and secondary attachment figures?
- a baby’s primary attachment figure forms the basis of all later close emotional relationships
…. filmed .. month old babies in face-to-fae interaction with …. caregiver mothers, …. caregiver fathers and …. caregiver fathers. …. caregiver fathers, like …. caregiver mothers, spent …. time smiling, imitating and holding babies which are all part of …. and …. ….., parts of the process of attachment ….. .
so fathers have the potential to be the …. ….-focused …. attachment figure - they can provide the ….. required for a close ….. attachment but perhaps only express this when given the role of …. caregiver
field filmed 4 month old babies in face-to-face interaction with primary caregiver mothers, secondary caregiver fathers and primary caregiver fathers. primary caregiver fathers, like primary caregiver mothers, spent more time smiling, imitating and holding babies are all part of reciprocity and interactional synchrony which are part of the process of attachment formation.
so, fathers have the potential to be the more emotion-focused primary attachment figure - they can provide the responsiveness required for a close emotional attachment but perhaps only express this when given the role of primary caregiver.
