The Role of the Brain in Behavior and Mental Processes (Chapter 4)

Question 1

heart hypothesis

Answer 1

the heart is the source of all thoughts feelings and behaviors, brain had no purpose

Question 2

brain hypothesis

Answer 2

the brain is the source of all thoughts, feelings and behaviors.

Question 3

monism

Answer 3

the belief that the human mind and body are together a singular complete entity

Question 4

dualism

Answer 4

the belief that the mind and body are separate and distinguishable from one another.

Question 5

phrenology

Answer 5

involves studying lumps and bumps on a person head allowing them to determine personality and behavioral traits

Question 6

brain ablation

Answer 6

the surgical removal, destruction, or cutting of a region of brain tissue

Question 7

brain lesioning

Answer 7

the practice of inducing and/or studying the effects of damage to an area of the brain

Question 8

what is a CT scan

Answer 8

non-invasive structural neuroimaging technique

Question 9

what is an MRI scan

Answer 9

non-noninvasive structural neuroimaging technique

Question 10

what is a PET scan

Answer 10

non-invasive functional neuroimaging technique

Question 11

what is a fMRI scan

Answer 11

non-invasive functional neuroimaging technique

Question 12

what does the hindbrain regulate

Answer 12

sleep-wake cycle
automimic functions such as breathing, heart rate, digestion

Question 13

what is the midbrain responsible for

Answer 13

relaying messages between the hindbrain and fore brain

filtering and directing sensory info

regulates physiological arousal and alertness

Question 14

3 key structures of the hind brain

Answer 14

pons
medulla
cerebellum

Question 15

key structure of the midbrain

Answer 15

reticular formation

Question 16

what is the forebrain responsible for

Answer 16

complex mental processes such as decision-making, learning, and filtering sensory info
maintains homeostasis

Question 17

3 key structures of the forebrain

Answer 17

cerebrum
thalamus
hypothalamus

Question 18

what is the cerebellum responsible for

Answer 18

to monitor and coordinate skeletal muscle movement.

maintaining balance and posture.

has an important role in controlling voluntary movement involving procedures or sequences

Question 19

what is the medulla responsible for

Answer 19

regulate autonomic processes
involuntary reflexive actions

Question 20

what is the pons responsible for

Answer 20

relay neural information between different brain areas
involved in involuntary behavior

Question 21

what is the reticular formation responsible for

Answer 21

controls sleep-wake cycle
regulating brain arousal
selective attention

Question 22

what is the thalamus responsible for

Answer 22

sensory relay station
integrates info from the senses

Question 23

what is the hypothalamus responsible for

Answer 23

involved in homeostasis

Question 24

what is the cerebral cortex responsible for

Answer 24

involved in processing info

Question 25

what is the left hemisphere of the brain responsible for

Answer 25

analysing info
language functions
logic and reasoning
processing info sequentially
mathematical skill
verbal

Question 26

what is the right hemisphere of the brain responsible for

Answer 26

creative expression
detecting and expressing emotions
spatial and visual thinking
processing info holistically
non-verbal communication
recognition of patterns and faces

Question 27

what is the cerebral cortex responsible for

Answer 27

higher order thinking processes
memory
language
regulation of emotions

Question 28

what are the four lobes

Answer 28

temporal lobe
parietal lobe
occipital lobe
frontal lobe

Question 29

what does the association area of the frontal lobe control

Answer 29

planning
personality

Question 30

what is the primary motor cortex responsible for

Answer 30

voluntary movement of skeletal muscles

Question 31

what does the primary somatosensory cortex control

Answer 31

receives and processes sensory info including touch, pressure and temp

Question 32

what does the association area of the parietal lobe control

Answer 32

attention
spatial perception

Question 33

what does the association area of the occipital lobe control

Answer 33

visual perception

Question 34

what is the primary visual cortex responsible for

Answer 34

receives and processes visual info

Question 35

in which hemisphere is Wernicke’s area located in

Answer 35

left hemisphere

Question 36

what is Wernicke’s area responsible for

Answer 36

involved with comprehension of speech and interpreting the sounds of human speech

Question 37

what is the primary auditory cortex responsible for

Answer 37

receives and processes sound from both ears
word sounds processed in the left hemisphere
music processed in the right hemisphere

Question 38

what is the association area of the temporal lobe responsible for

Answer 38

facial recognition
memory

Question 39

in which hemisphere is Broca’s area located in

Answer 39

left hemisphere
but in the right hemisphere in a small number of the population

Question 40

what is Broca’s area responsible for

Answer 40

speech production

Question 41

what is Broca’s aphasia

Answer 41

difficulty speaking
can still understand speech
short sentences
aware of own language impairment
lack grammatical endings

Question 42

what is Wernicke’s aphasia

Answer 42

inability to understand language (written or spoken)