Brain Plasticity and Brain Injury (Chapter 5)

Question 1

what are the two types of neuroplasticity

Answer 1

development plasticity and adaptive plasticity

Question 2

adaptive plasticity

Answer 2

the brains ability to restore adequate neural functioning after sustaining an injury

Question 3

what is development plasticity in response to

Answer 3

development plasticity is in response to ageing and learning

Question 4

sprouting

Answer 4

a neurons ability to develop new branches on the dendrites or axons

Question 5

rerouting

Answer 5

a neurons ability to form new connections with another undamaged neuron

Question 6

acquired brain injury

Answer 6

all types of brain injury’s that occur after birth

Question 7

examples of traumatic brain injurys

Answer 7

falling and hitting head
car accident
head assault
sporting injuries

Question 8

examples of non-traumatic brain injurys

Answer 8

stroke
aneurysm
tumor
substance abuse

Question 9

neurological disorder

Answer 9

any disease characterised by any damage to or malfunctioning of the nervous system.

Question 10

machine learning

Answer 10

a type of artificial intelligence that can mimic the way humans learn therefore become more accurate of predicting outcomes

Question 11

gut-brain axis

Answer 11

the bi-directional connection between the gut and the brain through multiple parts of the nervous system

Question 12

what does contemporary research allow for

Answer 12

contemporary research allow for the discovery of understanding new treatments

Question 13

exibhitory effect and example

Answer 13

it will stimulate or activate the post synaptic neurons to perform their function
Glutamate

Question 14

inhibitory effect and example

Answer 14

it will stop or prevent post synaptic neurons from firing
GABA

Question 15

agonist

Answer 15

may mimic neurotransmitters and bind to its receptor site to produce the effect of the neurotransmitter

Question 16

synoptgenesis

Answer 16

formation of new synapses

Question 17

synaptic pruning

Answer 17

elimination of underused synapse

Question 18

myelination

Answer 18

the development of myelin around the axon of a neuron

Question 19

what are 4 ways to maximise brain function

Answer 19

mental stimulation
diet
physical activity
social support

Question 20

antagonists

Answer 20

block a receptor site and inhibit the effect of the neurotransmitter or agonist

Question 21

neurodegenerative disease

Answer 21

a disease characterised by the progressive loss of neurons in the brain.

Question 21

gut microbiota

Answer 21

all of the organisms that live in the gut