The Role Of IT In Business Flashcards

1
Q

What three types of hardware are there that go into a IT infrastructure?

A

Computer hardware
External hardware deceives
Infrastructure housing

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2
Q

Physical components of computers and computer-related accessories are referred to as:

A

Computer hardware

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3
Q

Items such as mice, keyboards, speakers, microphones, disk drives, monitors, etc. that do not need to be physically inside a machine but can still connect to it are examples of what?

A

External hardware devices

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4
Q

Facilities and the safeguards on the facilities that contain hardware such as data centers or offices are part of what IT infrastructure? This could be a security system that monitors control access or ventilation and climate control to keep equipment regulated.

A

Infrastructure housing

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5
Q

What are 6 networking devices that go into the IT infrastructure that enable connectivity and communication between computer devices on a computer network by transmitting information between devices?

A
Modem
Routers
Switches
Gateway
Servers
Firewalls
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6
Q

Connects an organizations network to the internet

A

Modem

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7
Q

Manages network traffic by connecting devices to form a network

A

Router

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8
Q

Similar to routers in that they connect and divide devices within a computer network; however, they do not perform as many advanced functions as a router

A

Switches

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9
Q

A computer or device that acts as an intermediary between different networks. It transforms data from one protocol into another os that information can flow between networks

A

Gateway

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10
Q

Physical or virtual machines that coordinate the computers, programs, and data that are part of the network.

A

Servers

Various types: web servers, file servers, print servers, and database servers

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11
Q

Software applications or hardware devices that protect a company’s network traffic by filtering it through security protocols with predefined rules

A

Firewall

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12
Q

Types of firewalls include:

A
Circuit level gateways
Application level gateways
Stateful multilayer inspection firewalls
Next generation firewalls
Network address translation firewalls
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13
Q

A firewall that controls traffic solely based on the source of origin, the intended destination, the port, and potentially some other very basic information. It does not filter based on the actual content:

A

Circuit level gateways

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14
Q

A firewall that do the same thing as circuit level gateways, but they also filter by content of the packet. These are more expensive and burdensome due to the amount for processing required.

A

Application-level gateway (proxy firewalls)

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15
Q

A firewall that combines the circuit level and application level gateways, and also ensures that packets are validated at multiple levels of the communication process

A

Stateful multilayer inspection firewalls

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16
Q

A firewall that observe packets at multiple levels of the communication process and also apply more scrutiny to packets using more sophisticated techniques such as intrusion detection, user identification, etc.

A

Next-generation firewall

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17
Q

A firewall that converts a group of private IP addresses into a single public IP address prior to communicating with other devices outside of a company’s network (protects the private IP address)

A

Network address translation firewall (NAT firewall)

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18
Q

Software that is embedded in hardware that instructs the hardware how to operate

A

Firmware

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19
Q

Group of computers and other machines that are interconnected technology using a series of network devices

A

Network

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20
Q

Common types of Networks used in Software are:

A
Local area networks (LAN)
Wide are networks (WAN)
Software defined wide area networks (SD-WAN)
Edge enabled devices
Virtual private networks (VPN)
21
Q

Provides network access to a limited geographical area and data is transported over private lines:

A

Local area networks (LAN)

22
Q

Provides network access to a larger geographical area and connects LANs together

A

Wide area network (WAN)

23
Q

Support an organization at “the edge” or perimeter of a systems network

A

Edge enabled devices

24
Q

Encrypted private networks that run on a public network

A

Virtual private networks (VPN)

25
Q

Provide users predefined reports that support effective business decisions

A

Management information systems

26
Q

A management information system that collects, records, and stores accounting information and compiles it using rules to report financial and nonfinancial data. Also creates an audit trail for accounting transactions:

A

Accounting information systems

27
Q

Three main subsystems of accounting information system:

A

Transaction processing systems (TPS)
Financial reporting system (FRS) or general ledger system (GLS)
Management reporting system (MRS)

28
Q

Converts economic events into financial transactions

A

Transaction processing systems (TPS)

29
Q

Aggregates daily financial information from the TPS and other sources to enable timely financial reporting

A

Financial reporting system (FRS) or general ledger system (GLS)

30
Q

Provides internal information to solve day-to-day business problems

A

Management reporting system (MRS)

31
Q

Provides interactive tools to support day-to-day decision making as well as information or facilitate in the preparation of forecasts

A

Decision support system (DSS)

32
Q

Provides senior executives to immediate and easy access to internal and external information to assist in strategic long-term decision making. It presents data in high-level reports and visualizations.

A

Executive information system (EIS)

33
Q

Software that enables organizations to monitor and manage interactions between the organization and its past, current, and potential customers.

A

Customer relationship management system (CRM)

34
Q

Software package that assists with tracking, procurement, and distribution of inventory items. Usually connected to a point of sale system (POS)

A

Inventory management system

35
Q

Any other sort of system that helps to make the business smarter is considered a :

A

Knowledgement management system (KMS)

36
Q

Unifies the business processes throughout the supply chain (purchasing materials through product delivery) concerned with the quantity of item, the customer its going to, and how it will get there. Goal is to achieve flexibility and responsiveness in achieving customer demands.

A

Supply chain management (SCM)

37
Q

Cross-functional systems that integrate information across departments such as accounting, customer service, human resources, etc. It facilitates real-time communication between systems and operates under a centralized database and user interface.

A

Enterprise resource planning (ERP)

38
Q

Designed to help executives to make useful decisions by analyzing high-level business strategies and translating them into actionable plans

A

Enterprise performance management (EPM)

39
Q

Facilitates the sale of goods and services using the internet

A

E-commerce

40
Q

5 types of E-Commerce:

A
Business to business
Business to consumer
Consumer to business
Consumer to consumer
Government e-commerce
41
Q

A type of IT Outsourcing that rents storage space, and/or processing power, and/or proprietary software, or a combination of those three, on remote servers from another company rather than buying or building those components. Benefits exist when a company’s data is in one virtual location even if a company operates in many locations

A

Cloud computing

42
Q

Outsources and of its servers, storage, hardware, networking services, and networking components to a third party provider an is bailed on a per-use basis.

A

Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)

43
Q

Rent to tools or solutions remotely that are used to fulfill a specific business purpose such as paying an online platform to sell merchandise

A

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

44
Q

A company delivers and hosts subscription-based software services to customers through licensing or service delivery

A

Software as a service (SaaS)

45
Q

Provides assurance that the service organization’s controls are designed and operating effectively so that the financial statements are not negatively impacted.

A

SOC 1 Report

46
Q

Difference between SOC 1 Type 1 report and the SOC 1 Type 2 report:

A

Type 1: concerned with a specified date

Type 2: concerned with a specified period and confirms it operating effectiveness

47
Q

Used for users who need attestation concerning controls as they relate to security, processing integrity, availability, and privacy

A

SOC 2 Report

48
Q

For users who need attestation concerning controls as they relate to security, processing integrity, availability, and privacy but for a company that does not have a high level of expertise to read the SOC 2 report.

A

SOC 3 Report