The Roaring Twenties Flashcards
Popular image of the decade as a period of prosperity, optimism, and changing morals; symbolized best by the “flapper.”
Roaring Twenties
Harding’s campaign slogan after World War I 1919-20s, when Harding was President, the US and Britain returned to isolationism. The US economy “boomed” but Europe continued to struggle. It was the calm before the bigger storm hit: World War II
Return to normalcy
A period of intense fear of communism and other politically radical ideas
Red Scare
Scandal during the Harding administration involving the granting of oil-drilling rights on government land in return for money
Teapot Dome Scandal
29th president of the US; Republican; “Return to Normalcy” (life as it had been before WWI-peace, isolation); presidency was marred by scandal
Warren Harding
30th president; (1923-1925) and (1925-1929), taciturn; small gov’t conservative; laissez faire ideology; in favor of immigration restriction (Immigration Act); reduced the tax burden; the Bonus Bill was passed over his veto; Revenue Act of 1924; Kellogg-Briand Pact
Calvin Coolidge
1928; Republican; approach to economy known as voluntarism (avoid destroying individuality/self-reliance by government coercion of business); of course, in 1929 the stock market crashed; tried to fix it through creating the Emergency Relief and Construction Act and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (didn’t really work)
Herbert Hoover
The belief that all individuals, or nearly all individuals, can succeed on their own and that government help for people should be minimal. Popularly said by Herbert Hoover.
Rugged Individualism
(1863-1947) he was an American businessman, the founder of Ford Motor Company, the father of modern assembly lines, and an inventor credited with 161 patents
Henry Ford
…, the period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the United States by a constitutional amendment
Prohibition
Became head of the WCTU (Women’s Christian Temperance Union) educated the public about the dangers of alcohol abuse
Frances Willard
“Prohibition Law” declared it illegal to make, transport, or sell alcohol in the United States.
Eighteenth Amendment
Ends prohibition by repealing the 18th amendment
Twenty-first Amendment
1925, the trial that pitted the teaching of Darwin’s theory of evolution (defended by Clarence Darrow and prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan) against teaching Bible creationism
Scopes “Monkey Trial”
Defense attorney for John Scopes, defended Darwin and his idea of evolution in the Scopes Monkey Trial
Clarence Darrow
Set of laws starting in 1921 that set quotas for the number of immigrants let in to the United States
Immigration Acts
Literally, “Good genes”; science of improving a breed through selection
Eugenics
A 1920s term used to describe a new type of young woman; rebellious, energetic, and bold
Flapper
Section of New York City where song-writing and musical ideas mixed together to form american popular music; the name given to the collection of New York City-centered music publishers and songwriters who dominated the popular music of the United States in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s.
Tin Pan Alley
…, movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920
Great Migration
1920s black literacy and cultural movement that produced many works depicting the role of blacks in contemporary American society: Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston
Harlem Renaissance
A leading poet of the Harlem Renaissance. He wrote verse, essays, and 32 books; he helped define the black experience in America for over four decades.
Langston Hughes
A Jamaican immigrant to New York City who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association, which became the largest African American activist organization of the 1920s. Garvey focused on African American pride and self-help.
Marcus Garvey
…, United States aviator who in 1927 made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean (1902-1974)
Charles Lindbergh
Roaring Twenties
Popular image of the decade as a period of prosperity, optimism, and changing morals; symbolized best by the “flapper.”
Return to normalcy
Harding’s campaign slogan after World War I 1919-20s, when Harding was President, the US and Britain returned to isolationism. The US economy “boomed” but Europe continued to struggle. It was the calm before the bigger storm hit: World War II
Red Scare
A period of intense fear of communism and other politically radical ideas
Teapot Dome Scandal
Scandal during the Harding administration involving the granting of oil-drilling rights on government land in return for money
Warren Harding
29th president of the US; Republican; “Return to Normalcy” (life as it had been before WWI-peace, isolation); presidency was marred by scandal
Calvin Coolidge
30th president; (1923-1925) and (1925-1929), taciturn; small gov’t conservative; laissez faire ideology; in favor of immigration restriction (Immigration Act); reduced the tax burden; the Bonus Bill was passed over his veto; Revenue Act of 1924; Kellogg-Briand Pact
Herbert Hoover
1928; Republican; approach to economy known as voluntarism (avoid destroying individuality/self-reliance by government coercion of business); of course, in 1929 the stock market crashed; tried to fix it through creating the Emergency Relief and Construction Act and the Reconstruction Finance Corporation (didn’t really work)
Rugged Individualism
The belief that all individuals, or nearly all individuals, can succeed on their own and that government help for people should be minimal. Popularly said by Herbert Hoover.
Henry Ford
(1863-1947) he was an American businessman, the founder of Ford Motor Company, the father of modern assembly lines, and an inventor credited with 161 patents
Prohibition
…, the period from 1920 to 1933 when the sale of alcoholic beverages was prohibited in the United States by a constitutional amendment
Frances Willard
Became head of the WCTU (Women’s Christian Temperance Union) educated the public about the dangers of alcohol abuse
Eighteenth Amendment
“Prohibition Law” declared it illegal to make, transport, or sell alcohol in the United States.
Twenty-first Amendment
Ends prohibition by repealing the 18th amendment
Scopes “Monkey Trial”
1925, the trial that pitted the teaching of Darwin’s theory of evolution (defended by Clarence Darrow and prosecuted by William Jennings Bryan) against teaching Bible creationism
Clarence Darrow
Defense attorney for John Scopes, defended Darwin and his idea of evolution in the Scopes Monkey Trial
Immigration Acts
Set of laws starting in 1921 that set quotas for the number of immigrants let in to the United States
Eugenics
Literally, “Good genes”; science of improving a breed through selection
Flapper
A 1920s term used to describe a new type of young woman; rebellious, energetic, and bold
Tin Pan Alley
Section of New York City where song-writing and musical ideas mixed together to form american popular music; the name given to the collection of New York City-centered music publishers and songwriters who dominated the popular music of the United States in the late 1800’s and early 1900’s.
Great Migration
…, movement of over 300,000 African American from the rural south into Northern cities between 1914 and 1920
Harlem Renaissance
1920s black literacy and cultural movement that produced many works depicting the role of blacks in contemporary American society: Langston Hughes and Zora Neale Hurston
Langston Hughes
A leading poet of the Harlem Renaissance. He wrote verse, essays, and 32 books; he helped define the black experience in America for over four decades.
Marcus Garvey
A Jamaican immigrant to New York City who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association, which became the largest African American activist organization of the 1920s. Garvey focused on African American pride and self-help.
Charles Lindbergh
…, United States aviator who in 1927 made the first solo nonstop flight across the Atlantic Ocean (1902-1974)
