Progressive Presidents

Question 1

How did Theodore Roosevelt become popular?

Answer 1

due to his status as a hero in the Spanish-American War and his belief in “speaking softly and carrying a big stick”

Question 2

What political party was Roosevelt associated with?

Answer 2

Republican

Question 3

What was Roosevelt’s policy?

Answer 3

demanded a “Square Deal” that would address his primary concerns for the era

Question 4

What were Roosevelt’s 3 C’s?

Answer 4

control of corporations, consumer protection, and conservation

Question 5

Who did Roosevelt support in the miners vs owners?

Answer 5

miners, gave them a 10% increase in pay and a 9-hour work day

Question 6

Which trust did Roosevelt dissolve earning him the title “trust buster”

Answer 6

Northern Securities

Question 7

What department did Roosevelt urge Congress to create and what do they do?

Answer 7

Department of Commerce and Labor, designed to monitor corporations and ensure that they engage in fair business practices

Question 8

Why was the Bureau of Corporations created?

Answer 8

to benefit consumers by monitoring interstate commerce, helping dissolve monopolies, and promoting fair competition between companies

Question 9

Under whose administration was the Elkins Act created and what was it?

Answer 9

Roosevelt, levied heavy fines on companies that engaged in illegal rebating

Question 10

Under whose administration was the Hepburn Act created and what was it?

Answer 10

greatly strengthened the Interstate Commerce Commission

Question 11

After the Hepburn Act, what could the ICC now do?

Answer 11

allowed the commission to set maximum rates, inspect a company’s book, and investigate railroads, sleeping car companies, oil pipelines, and other transportation firms

Question 12

Under whose administration was the Meat Inspection Act and Pure Food and Drug Act created and what was it?

Answer 12

Roosevelt, helped prevent the adulteration and mislabeling of food, alcohol, and drugs

Question 13

Under whose administration was the Newlands Act created and what was it?

Answer 13

Roosevelt, allowed the federal government to sell public lands in the arid, desert western states and devote the proceeds to irrigation projects

Question 14

What did Roosevelt do that guaranteed the preservation of some natural resources for future generations?

Answer 14

set aside 125 million acres of timberlands as federal reserves, performed similar with coal and water reserves

Question 15

What was a problem under Roosevelt’s administration and how was it attempted to be solved?

Answer 15

The Panic of 1907, tried to be solved by the issuing of the Aldrich-Vreeland Act

Question 16

Under whose administration was the Aldrich-Vreeland Act created and what was it?

Answer 16

Roosevelt, authorized national banks to issue emergency currency backed up by collateral

Question 17

When did Roosevelt become president?

Answer 17

1901

Question 18

Who was Taft?

Answer 18

a mild Progressive and an easy-going man

Question 19

What party was Taft associated with?

Answer 19

Republican

Question 20

When did Taft become president?

Answer 20

1908

Question 21

What was Taft’s policy?

Answer 21

adopted an attitude passivity toward Congress, poor judge of public opinion

Question 22

What was Taft’s administrations main goal?

Answer 22

used the level of American investments to boost American political interest abroad

Question 23

What was the name of Taft’s administration’s approach?

Answer 23

“dollar diplomacy”

Question 24

How did Taft gain fame?

Answer 24

smasher of many monopolies including Standard Oil Company

Question 25

How did Taft compare to Roosevelt?

Answer 25

did not share some of the Progressive ideas and policies that Roosevelt endorsed, many people felt that Taft lacked the mental physical stamina necessary to be an effective president

Question 26

Under whose administration was the Payne-Aldrich Tariff created and what was it?

Answer 26

Taft, effectively raised tariffs on almost all products

Question 27

Who were the groups and who did they support in the rift between the Republicans during Taft’s presidency?

Answer 27

“Old Guard” Republicans (Taft) and Progressive Republicans (Roosevelt)

Question 28

Who was Woodrow Wilson?

Answer 28

idealist, a mild conservative turned militant Progressive

Question 29

What party was Wilson associated with?

Answer 29

Democrat

Question 30

When was Wilson elected President?

Answer 30

1912

Question 31

What was Wilson’s policy?

Answer 31

called for an assault on “the triple walls of privilege”

Question 32

What were the “triple walls of privilege”?

Answer 32

tariffs, banks, and trusts

Question 33

Under whose administration was the Underwood Tariff Bill created and what was it?

Answer 33

Wilson, significantly reduced import fees, introduced graduated income tax

Question 34

Under whose administration was the Federal Reserve Act created and what was it?

Answer 34

Wilson, created a Federal Reserve Board which oversaw a system of 12 regional reserve districts, each with its own central bank

Question 35

What was issued under the Federal Reserve Act and what were they?

Answer 35

issued Federal Reserve Notes, paper currency that quickly allowed the government to adjust to the flow of money

Question 36

Under whose administration was the Federal Trade Commission Act created and what was it?

Answer 36

Wilson, allowed the government to closely inspect companies engaged in interstate commerce, such as meatpackers and railroads

Question 37

What did the Commission now investigate after the Federal Trade Commission Act?

Answer 37

investigated unfair trading practices such as false advertising, monopolistic practices, bribery, and misrepresentation

Question 38

Under whose administration was the Clayton Act created and what was it?

Answer 38

Wilson, strengthened Sherman Anti-Trust Act (prohibit trusts), redefined the practices that were considered monopolistic and illegal, provided support for labor unions by exempting labor from antitrust prosecution and legalizing strikes and peaceful picketing

Question 39

Under whose administration was the Federal Farm Loan Act created and what was it?

Answer 39

Wilson, made credit available to farmers at low rates of interest

Question 40

Under whose administration was the Warehouse Act created and what was it?

Answer 40

authorized loans on the security of staple crops

Question 41

Under whose administration was the La Follette Seamen’s Act created and what was it?

Answer 41

Wilson, required treatment and living wages on American merchant ships

Question 42

Under whose administration was the Workingmen’s Compensation Act created and what was it?

Answer 42

Wilson, granted assistance to federal civil-service employees during periods of disability

Question 43

Under whose administration was the Adamson Act created and what was it?

Answer 43

Wilson, established an 8-hour day for all employeeds on trains in interstate

Question 44

Compare the foreign policies of Roosevelt, Taft, and Wilson.

Answer 44

Wilson recoiled from an aggressive foreign policy unlike Roosevelt and Taft