The Rise Of Sovereignty In Britain Flashcards
What is the order of the Stuart Kings?
James I
Charles I
Charles II
James II
During this time period there was a constant struggle between __________ & _________?
The Stuart dynasty and the English parliament
What was the English Parliament?
An assembly of the elite who advised the king
What view of themselves did the English parliament have?
That they were the voice of the “English people”
Describe what England was like under James I
- wanted to rule England through absolutism (Divine Right of Kings)
- anti-catholic but not so much bc mom was catholic
- wrote the Book of Sports
What was the Divine Right of Kings and what did it apply to?
The idea that the king was chosen by God to rule
-under this they were entitled to rule with absolute authority over their subjects (absolutism)
What was the Trew Lawe of Free Monarchyes? By who
Pamphlet created by James I
Tells parliament that he is the absolute ruler
What was the book of sports?
Written by James I
Said that if people wanted to participate in recreational activities they have to attend high church services (Anglican church) on Sunday
Why was there conflict between Charles I and Parliament?
1) married a catholic
2) favored a war with Spain and France (which was hella expensive)
What happened as a result of Charles I not being given the proper funding for a war with Spain and France?
He ended up putting more taxes into place
- ship money: tax on ppl living in port towns
- taxes on royal domain
- court of the star chamber: one could be arrested, tried & imprisoned & never know why
The rise of sovereignty took place during what time?
1600-1715
What were 3 factions of the church?
Independents- extreme puritans (h888 Catholicism) want decentralization of church; want to get rid of book of common prayer
Presbyterians- moderate puritans same thoughts as ^ except don’t want decentralization
Conservatives- want to keep church the same
What were the 2 sides of the English civil war?
Cavaliers vs. Roundheads
Describe the cavaliers?
supported the king, clergy and supporters of anglican church,
They fought to defend the pwr of the monarchy, the Anglican Church & privileges of the nobility
Describe the Roundheads?
Supported the parliament
Puritans
Leader = Oliver Cromwell
Fought to support rights of parliament, end of official state church & for notions of individual liberty and the rule of law
Who won the English civil war? What happened as a result?
The Roundheads; Charles was executed for treason
ESTABLISHMENT of the Commonwealth (Puritan republic) by Oliver Cromwell
What happened after Cromwell’s death in 1658?
The restoration began in which England tried to bring back the monarchy
Describe the restoration? What period was it?
England invited the son of Charles I (previous King who was executed) to take the throne as Charles II
When did the restoration period break down in England?
When James II came to the throne
What did James II want to do?
Wanted religious toleration (freedom)
Wanted to restore the absolute monarchy
What was the treaty of Dover?
formal alliance between England and France against the Dutch
King of France is like ey I’ll give you money if you convert to Catholicism
What was the test act?
If you wanted a govt position you needed to take an oath saying that you DONT believe in transubstantiation
Trying to exclude Catholics
What was the Declaration of Indulgence?
Igk
Describe what the bill of rights said?
- guarantee civil liberties of English ppl
- monarchy rules by consent of parliament
- parliament must meet once every 3 years
