The Renal System Flashcards

1
Q

What forms the renal system?

A

Bladder, Kidney, Ureter and Urethra.

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2
Q

Role of the Ureter/Urethra?

A
Ureter = Takes urine from the kidney to bladder.
Urethra = Removes urine from the bladder to the exterior.
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3
Q

What happens during tubular reabsorption in the nephron?

A

Solute is removed from the filtrate and returned to the blood.

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4
Q

What happens during tubular secretion in the nephron?

A

Removes additional waste from the blood and returns it to the filtrate.

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5
Q

What is glomerular filtration?

A

Filtering of blood to produce protein free plasma from the glomerulus to bowman’s capsule.

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6
Q

The role of the proximal convoluted tube?

A

Reabsorbs chemicals from other parts of the nephron; sodium, glucose and amino acids.

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7
Q

The role of the loop of henle?

A

Counter current exchange (sodium and water), concentrating urine and conserving water.

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8
Q

What does aldosterone do?

A

Stimulates sodium reabsorption, Potassium excretion and increases blood volume.

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9
Q

What does ANP do?

A

Increases sodium excretion and decreases blood volume.

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10
Q

The role of renin?

A

To control body fluid.

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11
Q

The role of Erythropoetin?

A

Stimulate red blood cell production in the bone marrow.

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12
Q

What does Calcitrol do?

A

Activates vitamin D.

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13
Q

What is the largest cause of renal failure?

A

Diabetes.

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14
Q

The effects of hypertension on the kidney?

A

Damages the glomeruli in the nephron reducing the ability to filter blood (glomerulonephritis)

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