The Renaissance Flashcards
What was the main idea is the renaissance
It was a time of new ideas and fresh thinking
A time of continuity and change
What was rediscovered in the renaissance
The classic knowledge from the Greek and Roman times
Western doctors rediscovered the writings of Galen and Hippocrates
What did the renaissance see the emergence of
Science
People were thinking of how the human body worked based on direct observation and experimentation
What were the new book discoveries suggesting
And what did this encourage
That anatomy and dissections were very important
It encouraged people to examine the body themselves and come to their own conclusions on the cause of disease
Who did people begin to question
The way of galens thinking and ideas
What did Vesalius believe
He beloved that successful surgery would only be possible if doctors had a proper understanding of the anatomy
Who did Vesalius perform dissections on
Criminals who has been executed
What did he wrote books on and what was his most famous book
His observations using accurate diagrams to illustrate his work
The fabric is the human body in 1543
What did the invention of printing mean
Books could be copied more easily and it allowed new ideas to be shared and old ideas to be discussed and questioned
How was Vesaliuss work spreaded
It was printed and distributer across Europe and British doctors read his work
How did Vesalius point out some of galens mistake
He showed there were no holes in the septum of the heart
What did Vesalius show was important
That dissecting bodies was important to find out exactly how the human body was structured
Did Vesaliuss work have an immediate impact on the diagnosis or treatment of disease
No it didn’t have
But by producing a realistic description of the human anatomy and encouraging dissection he provided an essential first step to improving them
What were the 3 key individuals of the renaissance
William Harvey and ambroise pare and Vesalius
What did Harvey discover
The circulation of the blood
Where did Harvey come from
Britain
Who did he become a royal physician for
James I and Charles I
What did it mean that he was a British doctor studying in a European university
He could bring the latest ideas of medicine back to Britain
What did Harvey study on
Both animals and humans
What did people think about the blood before Harvey
They thought there were 2 kinda of blood and that they flowed two though two completely separate systems of blood vessels
This idea came from Galen
What did Harvey realise
He through the blood must circulate as too much blood would of been being formed and consumed
So the blood must go round and round the body
What did Harvey show in his books
A map of how the body worked changing doctors understanding of anatomy
Did everyone believe his theories straight away?
No because people didn’t want to question Galen
People continued to use blood letting
What did paré improve
Surgical techniques
Who was paré
A French barber-surgeon born in 1510
He became an army surgeon
What did paré do as an army surgeon
Great many serious injuries caused by war and this experience of treating these wounds led him to develop some improved surgical techniques
What was the usual treatment for gunshot wounds
To burn the wound with red hot iron or boiling oil which did more harm than good
What happenend to paré to led him to a new discovery
He ran out of oil and resorted to a type of ointment called cool salve
To his surprise the patients treated in this way did better than the ones scaled with oil
What happenend before paré to severed blood vessels left by amputations
They were sealed by burning their ends with red hot iron which was called cauterisation
What method did paré invent to treat severed blood vessels
He tied off the end of vessels with threads
Called ligatures
What was better about parés use of ligatures
It was less painful than cauterisation and it reduces the chances of the patient dying of shock
What was bad about parés invention of ligatures
It increased the risk of infection
Why were parés ideas resisted
Because doctors felt that a lowly surgeon shouldn’t be listened to
What time of impact did parés inventions have
Long term impacts
