The Renaissance

Question 0

Gravity

Answer 0

Physical pull of objects to other objects

-discovered by Newton

Question 1

Annul

Answer 1

Cancel or invalidate

Question 2

Patron

Answer 2

Person who provides financial support for the arts

Question 3

Perspective

Answer 3

Artistic technique used to give drawings and paintings a 3D effect

Question 4

Theocracy

Answer 4

Government run by religious leaders

Ex: Geneva

Question 5

Heliocentric

Answer 5

Based on the belief that the sun is the center of the universe

Question 6

Humanism

Answer 6

Intellectual movement at the heart of the Italian Renaissance that focused on sorely subjects rather than religious issues

Question 7

Indulgence

Answer 7

Pardon from sins committed during a persons lifetime

-grants release from Purgatory

Question 8

Predestination

Answer 8

Idea that God long ago determined who will gain salvation

Question 9

Recant

Answer 9

Give up on ones views or beliefs

Question 10

John Calvin (3)

Answer 10

• supported predestination and theocratic government
• created Calvinism
• Geneva= community based on Calvin’s teachings

Question 11

Henry VIII (4)

Answer 11

• English King
• Eight wives
• was against the Reformation at first
• converted himself and all of England to Protestant when he pope refused to annul his marriage

Question 12

Leonardo da Vinci (2)

Answer 12

• artist, engineer, musician, and architect

- famous works- Mona Lisa, The Last Supper, The Flying Machine

Question 13

Niccolo Machiavelli

Answer 13

-wrote “The Prince”, describing how leaders should rule

Question 14

Lorenzo de Medici (1)

Answer 14

-patron of the arts

Question 15

Copernicus (2)

Answer 15

-proposed the heliocentric theory
Heliocentric theory- the sun is the center of universe
- published “On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Sphere”

Question 16

Martin Luther (4)

Answer 16

• spoke out against church corruption
• wrote the 95 theses
• excommunicated by the church
• created Lutheransim

Question 17

Albrecht Durer (2)

Answer 17

• painter and engraver

- helped spread the a Renaissance to Northern Europe

Question 18

Newton (3)

Answer 18

• discovered the theory of gravity, which helped explain the movement of the planets and other celestial bodies
• 3 laws of motion
• said all movement in the universe can be explained using math

Question 19

Why did Galileo withdraw his theories about the Earth’s rotation?

Answer 19

The Inquisition threatened to execute

Question 20

What effect does the printing press have on Europe? (3)

Answer 20

• printing books become cheaper and easier to produce (more people able to read)
• Europeans gained access to new ideas
• Presses contributed to religious turmoil, which leads to the Reformation

Question 21

Reasons the Renaissance began in Italy (3)

Answer 21

-visible reminders of Ancient Rome
(Architecture, statues, coins, inscriptions)
-located on the ocean shore
-Florence, Milan, and Venice grew into prosperous areas of trade and manufacturing

Question 22

What was Elizabeth’s religious policy during her reign?

Answer 22

After a series of reforms, she cautiously allowed the practice of Catholic faith along with Protestant religion

Question 23

What did Renaissance artists focus on? (2)

Answer 23

• Individuals rather than religion

- worldly ideas

Question 24

What was Martin Luther’s criticism of the Church?

Answer 24

-selling indulgences was not in the bible

Question 25

What were the results of the Catholic Reformation?

Answer 25

• restriction on Jews
• more accusations of witchcraft
• Catholics felt renewed

Question 26

What new idea does Copernicus propose?

Answer 26

Heliocentric theory- the idea that the sun stood at the center of the universe

Question 27

Who began reading as a result of the use of vernacular in writing?

Answer 27

Normal people/peasants

Question 28

How did the church pay for their large scale projects(building cathedrals)?

Answer 28

Charging money for salvation (indulgences)

Question 29

How did the church react to Martin Luther’s ideas?

Answer 29

It demanded that Luther recant his ideas. When he didn’t, the church excommunicated him and became stricter with their religion.

Question 30

How did Matin Luther think you got into heaven?

Answer 30

-through faith and honest want for forgiveness, not paying off their sins to the priest

Question 31

If you laughed in a church in Calvinism, it was considered a(n)….

Answer 31

Offense that warranted punishment

Question 32

What was the new scientific method based on?

Answer 32

Observation and experimentation