The Age Of Enlightenment

Question 0

Core Belief of Philosophers: Progress

Answer 0

Believed that society and humankind could improve

Question 1

Define social contract

Answer 1

Agreement which people give up a state of nature for an organized society

Question 3

Age of Reason

Answer 3

Another name for the Enlightenment

Question 4

How long was the Enlightment?

Answer 4

1700-1800

Question 5

Thomas Hobbes(5)

Answer 5

• believed people are naturally greedy, selfish, and cruel
• supported social contracts and absolute monarchs
• was against revolutions
• believed life would be a constant state of warfare without a strong government
• Leviathan

Question 6

Core Belief of Philosophers: Nature

Answer 6

Believed that what was natural was also good and reasonable

Question 9

John Locke(5)

Answer 9

• believed people are naturally capable of being moral and reasonable
• believed all men had natural rights(life, liberty, and property)
• the purpose of the government is to protect he people
• if the government do its job, the people have the right to a revolution
• Two Treaties of Government

Question 10

Rosseau (3)

Answer 10

• believed the natural state of people is good
• believed goodness was corrupted by society
• thought society puts limits on human behavior

Question 11

Voltaire (2)

Answer 11

• believed freedom of speech was the best weapon against the government
• “I do not agree with a word that you say, but I will defend to death your right to say it”

Question 12

Core Belief of Philosophers: Reason

Answer 12

Believed truth could be discovered through reason or logical thinking

Question 14

Mary Wollstonecraft(2)

Answer 14

• believed that woman were excluded from the social contract

- accepted that a woman’s first duty was as a mother, but thought they should decide for themselves

Question 15

Core Belief of Philosophers: Happiness

Answer 15

Believed in seeking well being on Earth instead of just in the afterlife (Medieval thinking)

Question 17

Adam Smith (2)

Answer 17

• believed that the Freemarket should regulate business activities
• strong supporter of laissez faire

Question 18

Define Laissez faire

Answer 18

Policy that allows business to operate with little to no government interference

Question 19

Diderot (3)

Answer 19

• attacked divine theory and religious beliefs of Catholics
• wrote about government philosophy and religion
• created the encyclopedia

Question 20

Montesquieu (3)

Answer 20

• supported separation of powers
• believe checks and balances were the best way to control government power
• The Spirit of the Laws

Question 27

Define natural rights

Answer 27

Rights that belong to humans, such as life, liberty and property