The Renaissance Flashcards
what does Renaissance mean
rebirth
what is Humanism
the idea that humans should be at the center of everything and we should link about the world in terms of the lives people live
what were the causes of the Renaissance
it began in italy
- the ruins of the Roman Empire
- The fall of Constantinople
- Wealth and trade
- New ideas from trade
- Competition between Italian states
- Patrons
state the differences between medieval painting and renaissance painting
medieval painting
- religious images
- done on wooden panels or walls while the plaster was wet (fresco)
- powdered pigment mixed with egg yolk to produce egg tempera paint which dried very quickly so artists couldn’t fix mistakes
- two dimensional
- bodies not to scale
renaissance painting
- religious images and ancient greek and roman mythological scenes, portraits of people, landscapes, nature
- painted on canvas or wet plaster on walls
- paint was mixed with oil so it dried slower
- used the smfumato technique
- used perspective to crest depth and distance in the painting
- studied anatomy to help people look real
what is sfumato
a technique which involves blurring or smudging lines and colour to soften textures and create a smoky effect
tell me about Leonardo DaVincis early life
- born 1452 in Vinci, near Florence
- at 14, sent to be an apprentice to Andrea del Verrochio, where he learned to prepare paints and sketch
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explain leonardo’s time in milan
- went to work for Duke of Milan, Ludovico
- painted the Virgin of the Rocks
- Painted the Last Supper
describe Michaelangelos life
- born near Florence 1475
- apprenticed to Domenico Ggirlandaio
- went to Rome and a cardinal commissioned him to sculpt the Pietà
- came back to florence and created the statue of David
- painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel using fresco
- spent the rest of his life in Rome where he wrote poetry and designed buildings.
what helped the spread of the renaissance
- artists visiting italy
- outside trade with italy
- northern European rulers becoming patrons to artists in their own countries
- the invention of the printing press
what is a patron
a wealthy person who commissioned an artist to produce a work of art for tbem
who invented the printing press
Johannesburg Gutenberg
how did Johannes Gutenberg make the printing press
he placed individual metal letters into a frame to form words, coated them with ink and pressed the frame onto paper
what was the first book he printed
the Gutenberg bible
what were the effects of the printing press
- printed books were cheaper than handwritten manuscripts so more people could buy them
- more people learned to read and write
- people read more and were introduced to new ideas
- fiction became more popular
- the control the catholic church had over learning and ideas declined
- the use of latin declined a writers wrote in the vernacular
what is the vernacular
the language as spoken by people in their native country
where was william shakespeare born
Stratford- on- Avon, England in 1564
explain his early life
- married to anne hathaway and had three children
- moved to london to become an actor and write plays and poetry
name some of shakespeare’s works
a midsummer nights dream, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, The Merchant of Venic, Macbeth
how many sonnets did shakespeare write
154
what is a sonnet
a fourteen line rhyming poem form popular during the Renaissance
tell me about galileos early life
he was born in Pisa in 1564 and studied mathematics at Pisa University.
he proved that all objects fall to the ground at the same speed regardless of weight, supposedly by dropping objects from the leaning tower of Pisa.
what did galileo do to the telescope
he improved upon it to magnify objects using increasingly small power lenses which he used to study astronomy
what is astronomy
the study of planets and the stars
explain galileos incident with the catholic church
galileo backed up a book which declared that the earth rotates around the sun. the pope ordered galileo to be put on trial before the Inquisition and he was convicted of heresy. Galileo agreed to say he was wrong and his books were banned by the church. he was kept under house arrest until he died
what is hersey
knowingly holding a view that goes against the official teachings of the catholic church
