The Renaissance

Question 1

what does Renaissance mean

Answer 1

rebirth

Question 2

what is Humanism

Answer 2

the idea that humans should be at the center of everything and we should link about the world in terms of the lives people live

Question 3

what were the causes of the Renaissance

Answer 3

it began in italy

1. the ruins of the Roman Empire
2. The fall of Constantinople
3. Wealth and trade
4. New ideas from trade
5. Competition between Italian states
6. Patrons

Question 4

state the differences between medieval painting and renaissance painting

Answer 4

medieval painting

• religious images
• done on wooden panels or walls while the plaster was wet (fresco)
• powdered pigment mixed with egg yolk to produce egg tempera paint which dried very quickly so artists couldn’t fix mistakes
• two dimensional
• bodies not to scale

renaissance painting

• religious images and ancient greek and roman mythological scenes, portraits of people, landscapes, nature
• painted on canvas or wet plaster on walls
• paint was mixed with oil so it dried slower
• used the smfumato technique
• used perspective to crest depth and distance in the painting
• studied anatomy to help people look real

Question 5

what is sfumato

Answer 5

a technique which involves blurring or smudging lines and colour to soften textures and create a smoky effect

Question 6

tell me about Leonardo DaVincis early life

Answer 6

• born 1452 in Vinci, near Florence
• at 14, sent to be an apprentice to Andrea del Verrochio, where he learned to prepare paints and sketch
• -

Question 7

explain leonardo’s time in milan

Answer 7

• went to work for Duke of Milan, Ludovico
• painted the Virgin of the Rocks
• Painted the Last Supper

Question 8

describe Michaelangelos life

Answer 8

• born near Florence 1475
• apprenticed to Domenico Ggirlandaio
• went to Rome and a cardinal commissioned him to sculpt the Pietà
• came back to florence and created the statue of David
• painted the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel using fresco
• spent the rest of his life in Rome where he wrote poetry and designed buildings.

Question 9

what helped the spread of the renaissance

Answer 9

• artists visiting italy
• outside trade with italy
• northern European rulers becoming patrons to artists in their own countries
• the invention of the printing press

Question 10

what is a patron

Answer 10

a wealthy person who commissioned an artist to produce a work of art for tbem

Question 11

who invented the printing press

Answer 11

Johannesburg Gutenberg

Question 12

how did Johannes Gutenberg make the printing press

Answer 12

he placed individual metal letters into a frame to form words, coated them with ink and pressed the frame onto paper

Question 13

what was the first book he printed

Answer 13

the Gutenberg bible

Question 14

what were the effects of the printing press

Answer 14

• printed books were cheaper than handwritten manuscripts so more people could buy them
• more people learned to read and write
• people read more and were introduced to new ideas
• fiction became more popular
• the control the catholic church had over learning and ideas declined
• the use of latin declined a writers wrote in the vernacular

Question 15

what is the vernacular

Answer 15

the language as spoken by people in their native country

Question 16

where was william shakespeare born

Answer 16

Stratford- on- Avon, England in 1564

Question 17

explain his early life

Answer 17

• married to anne hathaway and had three children

- moved to london to become an actor and write plays and poetry

Question 18

name some of shakespeare’s works

Answer 18

a midsummer nights dream, Hamlet, Romeo and Juliet, The Merchant of Venic, Macbeth

Question 19

how many sonnets did shakespeare write

Answer 19

154

Question 20

what is a sonnet

Answer 20

a fourteen line rhyming poem form popular during the Renaissance

Question 21

tell me about galileos early life

Answer 21

he was born in Pisa in 1564 and studied mathematics at Pisa University.
he proved that all objects fall to the ground at the same speed regardless of weight, supposedly by dropping objects from the leaning tower of Pisa.

Question 22

what did galileo do to the telescope

Answer 22

he improved upon it to magnify objects using increasingly small power lenses which he used to study astronomy

Question 23

what is astronomy

Answer 23

the study of planets and the stars

Question 24

explain galileos incident with the catholic church

Answer 24

galileo backed up a book which declared that the earth rotates around the sun. the pope ordered galileo to be put on trial before the Inquisition and he was convicted of heresy. Galileo agreed to say he was wrong and his books were banned by the church. he was kept under house arrest until he died

Question 25

what is hersey

Answer 25

knowingly holding a view that goes against the official teachings of the catholic church