The Reactivity Series Flashcards
The reactivity if metals can be deduced by…
Using displacement reactions, in which a less reactive metal is pushed out of its compound by a more reactive metal
Mg + CuO = MgO + Cu is a … Reaction
Displacement
Displacement reactions are also … Reactions
Redox
What happens on redox reactions
Oxidation and reduction happen in the same reaction
The reducing agent is…
A substance that reduces something else
An oxidising agent is…
Something that oxidises something else
Acronym for redox?
OILRIG (oxidation is loss, reduction is gain)
Leo Says Ger
Olé
Acronym for reactivity series
Police Sergeant Lord Charlie MA (Carbon) ZITL (Hydrogen) Caught Me Stealing Gold Plate
Spectator ions aren’t included in…
Ionic equations
What are the ionic and half equations of
Mg + Cu(2+) + O(2-) = Mg(2+) + O(2-) + Cu
Ionic - Mg + Cu(2+) = Mg(2+) + Cu
Half:
Mg = Mg(2+) + 2e-
Cu(2+) + 2e- = Cu
Potassium, Sodium and Lithoum react with water…
Very vigorously, producing hydroxides and hydrogen gas
Potassium, Sodium and Lithoum react with dilute acids…
So vigorously that they are too reactive to be added safely
Calcium reacts with water…
Well and produces calcium hydroxide and hydrogen
Calcium reacts with dilute acids…
Violently but safely enough if the acid is dilute enough
Magnesium reacts with water…
It reacts with steam to produce magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen
Magnesium reacts with dilute acids…
Vigorously, and strongly exothermically to produce a salt and hydrogen
Zing or Iron react with water…
Slowly, forming a hydroxide and hydrogen
Zinc or Iron react with dilute acids…
Slowly
Anything below iron reacts with water or dilute acids…
Not at all
For iron to rust two things are needed
Water and Oxygen
You can prevent the rusting of iron by…
Using Barriers
Alloying the iron
Galvanising the iron
Using sacrificial anodes
How do you alloy iron to stop it rusting?
Alloy it with chromium or nickel to produce stainless steel
Galvanise iron by…
Costing it with a layer of zinc, which is more reactive than iron and will corrode instead
During the process of sacrificial protection with zinc and iron…
Zinc corrodes, losing electrons to form ions. These electrons flow into the iron so any iron atom which has lost ions immediately regains them, so even if the zinc is scratched, the iron won’t rust
Sacrificial anodes can also help iron that has already rusted, as…
The iron can still be displaced by the more reactive zinc
Equation for iron oxide reacting with zinc
Fe2O3 + 3Zn = 2Fe + 3ZnO
