Halogens Flashcards
Halogens are group
7
Halogens are … Molecules
Diatomic
Fluorine is which state and which colour
Gas and yellow
Chlorine is which state and which colour
Gas and green
Bromine is which state and which colour
Liquid and red with a brown vapour
Iodine is which state with which colour
Solid and dark grey with a purple vapour
Halogens need to be handled in…
A fume cupboard
Astatine is…
Solid and radioactive
Down the halogens the MP and BP … And the colour gets
Increase and the colour gets darker
Halogens react with hydrogen to form
Hydrogen halides
Hydrogen halides are…
Steamy, poisonous and acidic gases
Hydrogen halides are… In water
Very soluble
Hydrogen halides react with water to produce
Solutions of acids (making H+ ions)
Hydrogen halides are not … As gases
Acidic
When hydrogen halides are dissolved in organic solvents there is…
No colour change
Halogens are … Reactive
Highly reactive as they only need to gain one electron
Fluorine reacts with hydrogen with a…
Violent explosion, even in the cold or dark
Chlorine reacts with hydrogen with a …
Violent explosion is exposed to a flame or sunlight
Bromine reacts with hydrogen with a…
Mild explosion if a bromine vapour/hydrogen mixture is exposed to a flame
Iodine reacts with hydrogen with a…
Partial reaction to form hydrogen iodide if vapour is heated continuously with hydrogen
Sodium burns in chlorine to produce
The ionic white solid sodium chloride (salt)
In the reaction between sodium and chlorine the sodium has been … And the chlorine has been … In a … Reaction
The sodium has been oxidised and the chlorine has been reduced in a redox reaction
Equation for sodium and chlorine reaction
2Na(s) + Cl2(g) = 2NaCl(s)
Halogens are … Reactive as you go down the group
Decreasingly
Halogens can … Each other
Displace
Iodine turns Volasil…
Pink
Finding the reactivity of halogens is done by…
Reacting the elements with potassium halides (a colour change will indicate a reaction)
Colour changes between halogens and potassium halides are due to…
The less reactive element being displaced
In a reaction between halogens and potassium halides, potassium is…
A spectator ion
In a displacement reaction with potassium iodide and either chlorine or bromine, you tell the difference between the two as…
Volasil (an organic solvent) is added and will turn iodine pink while bromine stays orange
Displacement reactions with halogens are … Reactions
Redox
Reaction between Potassium Chloride and Bromine?
Stays orange (no reaction)
Reaction between potassium chloride and Iodine?
Stays brown (no reaction)
Reaction between Potassium bromide and Chlorine?
Turns orange
Reaction between potassium bromide and iodine?
Stays brown (no reaction)
Potassium Iodide and chlorine reaction?
Turns brown
Reaction between potassium iodide and bromine
Turns brown
