The psychodynamic approach Flashcards
What are the 3 structural personality’s
The ID
The Ego
The superago
What is the Ego?
The ego is developed at 2 years old.
The principles of the ego is the reality , it tames the ID
It reduces conflict
It is in the conscious mind
What is the ID?
- It is presented at birth.(devil)
The principles (the pleasure principles) It demands instant gratifications.
It is in the unconscious part of the mind.
What is the superego?
The superego is developed at 5 years ago(angel)
The principles of the superego is to sense the right or wrong.
It demands you to do the right things
it is in the unconscious mind.
What is the role of defence mechanisms?
- To reduce conflict.
-To reduce anxiety we use defence mechanisms.
What is denial
Denail is refusing to acknowledge some aspect of reality.
What is repression?
- Repression is forcing an unpleasant memory out of the conscious mind?
What is displacement?
-Displacement is transferring feelings from the true source of distress onto a substitute.
Psychosexual next: Theory
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What does fixation mean?
When ones desire is tied to an object of desire connected to an earlier phase in ones psychosexual development.
What are the five stages and the pleasure centre and fixations.
Oral , anal , phallic , latency , genitals puberty .
OLD
AGE
PENSIONERS
LOVE
GEINEA PIGS
What is the pleasure centre and consequence of unresolved conflict for the ORAL stage( 0-1 years)
pleasure centre : the mouth
Consequence in adulthood: smoking and biting nails.
What is the pleasure centre and consequence in adulthood for the ANAL stage(1-3 years)
Pleasure centre :Anus
Consequence: Anal retentive(perfectionist) or Anal expulsive (messy)
What is the pleasure centre and consequence in adulthood for the PHALLC stage ( 3-5 years)
Pleasure centre: Genital area (Oedipus complex)
Consequence:
Narcissistic , reckless, Vanity.
What is the pleasure centre and consequence of adulthood for the GENITALS PUBERTY stage(12 years onwards)
Pleasure centre: Sexual desires become conscious.
Consequence: Struggle to form heterosexual relationships.
What is the pleasure centre and consequence in childhood for the LATENCY stage(6-12 years)
Pleasure Centre: Earlie conflicts are repressed.
Consequence : there isn’t one
What are the Psychodynamic research methods most commonly used by Freud?
Case study
An in depth investigation.
What are the strengths of this method?
1 It is rich detail as it is an in depth look at one individual which is rich in validity.
What are the weaknesses of this method?
-1 his research is very biased in interpretations of reporting.
2 It is not representative due to small sample meaning no two cases are alike , results cannot be generalised to wider population.
Example of one of his case studies?
Little hans.
What is the case study about.
Freud used the study of Little Hans to support his views on the origins of Phobias, childhood sexuality and the Psychosexual sages.
Freud believed Hans’fears,dreams and fantasies were symbolic of his unconscious passing through the Phallic stage of psychosexual development.
Because Han’s was experiencing the Oedipus complex(A sexual desire for his mother) and rival for his father.
This fear was manifested in a fear of horses , particularly those with dark around the mouth(representing the father beard) and blinkers( his glasses)
Han’s obsession with his penis was another sign of being in the Phallic stage of development and experiencing the Oedipus complex.
What is the real world application?
The primary assumption of psychoanalysis is the belief that all people possess unconscious thoughts , feeling ,desires and memories
THERAPY: this is used to release repressed emotions and experience. It is only having a cathartic experience can the person be helped and cured.
What are the negative about this?
It is not appropriate for individuals suffering from more serious disorder such as schizophrenia.
What is the determinism in this?
The psychodynamic approach suggests that human behaviour is governed by unconscious drives and early traumatic childhood experiences which are repressed into the unconscious mind.
As such, an individual does not have free will over there haviour and instead is under the influence of psychic determinism.
What is gender bias?
- Gender bias refers to research that lead to one gender being treated less favourable than the other.
What doe Androcentrism mean?
- being centred on or dominated by males , seeing all behaviour through males eyes.( fight of flight response)
What is Oedipus complex?
A desire for sexual involment with the parent of the opposite sex and a sense of rivalry with th parent of the same sex.
