The Process Of Respiration

Question 1

Definition of respiration

Answer 1

• Exchange of gases between the body cells and the environment

Question 2

Two main processes of respiration

Answer 2

• external respiration
• Internal respiration

Question 3

Internal respiration

Answer 3

Exchange of gases between systemic capillary blood and tissue cells

Question 4

External respiration

Answer 4

Exchange of gases between air spaces of the lungs and blood in the pulmonary capillaries across the respiratory membrane

Question 5

Muscles for breathing

Answer 5

• External intercostal muscles
• Diaphragm

Question 6

What happens when the diaphragm is relaxed

Answer 6

Central tendon is at the level of the T8

Question 7

What nerve supplies the diaphragm

Answer 7

Phrenic nerve

Question 8

What happens during inspiration

Answer 8

• the external intercostal muscles and the diaphragm contract simultaneously enlarging the TC in all sides.
• scalene muscle contract to prevent the first rib moving downwards
• This inturn increases the thorax vlm and at the same time as the ribs are moving the muscular fibres of the diaphragm contract and pull the central tendon of the diaphragm downwards.
• And the concentration of air decreases in the lungs and air enters to fill the lungs.

Question 9

quiet breathing expiration

Answer 9

Produces by the relaxation of the scalene muscles the external intercostal muscles and diaphragm
* The ribs move downwards by elastic recoil and the diaphragm is pushed upwards by the pressure of the intra-abdominal organs