The Pharynx

Question 1

What are the divisions of the pharynx cavity?

Answer 1

Nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx (hypopharynx)

Question 2

From what levels does the pharynx extend?

Answer 2

From the base of the skull to C6

Question 3

What structure begins when the pharynx ends at C6?

Answer 3

The esophagus

Question 4

What two divisions of the pharynx remain open for breathing?

Answer 4

nasopharynx and oropharynx

Question 5

What muscles contract to shut off the nasopharynx during swallowing?

Answer 5

Pharyngeal muscles

Question 6

What is the nerve supply to the pharynx and where does it receive its contributions?

Answer 6

Pharyngeal Plexus

1. GSA fibers from CN 9
2. GVE Parasympathetic fiber from CN 10
3. GVE Sympathetic fibers from Cervical Sympathetic Ganglia

Question 7

The posterior wall of the nasopharynx lies against the ________ part of the occipital bone where the _________ tubercle is located.

Answer 7

Basilar; pharyngeal

Question 8

What structure lies within the mucosa against the occipital bone which can make breathing through the nose difficult if it is infected?

Answer 8

Pharyngeal Tonsil

Question 9

What are the entrances from the nasal cavities into the pharynx called?

Answer 9

Choanae

Question 10

The _______ is an elevation where the mucosa covers the cartilaginous portion of the _________ (structure) as it penetrates through the pharyngobasilar facia.

Answer 10

Torus tuberius; auditory tube

Question 11

What fold extends inferiorly from the posterior border of the torus tubarius?

Answer 11

Salpingopharyngeal Fold

Question 12

What muscle does the salpingopharyngeal fold overlap?

Answer 12

Salpingopharyngus Muscle

Question 13

What deep space is located at the superior end of the nasopharynx, just posterior to the torus?

Answer 13

Pharyngeal Recess

Question 14

Where does the nasopharynx extend?

Answer 14

From base of skull to palate

Question 15

Where does the oropharynx extend?

Answer 15

From the palate to the level of the hyoid bone

Question 16

What 2 systems cross at the oropharynx?

Answer 16

Digestive and Respiratory

Question 17

The (anterior/posterior) extent of the oropharynx is also the (anterior/posterior) limit of the oral cavity

Answer 17

anterior; posterior

Question 18

Where is the junction between the oropharynx and oral cavity located and what is it called?

Answer 18

At the tonsillar pillars

Called the palatoglossal fold

Question 19

What muscles do the tonsillar pillars cover and where are they in relation to the tonsil?

Answer 19

Palatoglossus muscle anterior to tonsil

Palatopharyngeus muscle posterior to tonsil

Question 20

What structure lies between the tonsillar pillars that is important to the immune system?

Answer 20

Palatine Tonsil

Question 21

What fold covers the palatopharyngeus muscle?

Answer 21

Palatopharyngeal fold

Question 22

What fold spans between the palatopharyngeal fold and the epiglottis?

Answer 22

Pharyngoepiglottic fold

Question 23

What muscle attaches to the superior border of the thyroid cartilage deep to the pharyngoepiglottic fold?

Answer 23

Stylopharyngeus Muscle

Question 24

The laryngopharynx lies posterior to where?

Answer 24

The laryngeal inlet and larynx

Question 25

The ______ are relatively deep pockets that lie on either side of the _________ (structure).

Answer 25

Piriform recesses; cricoid cartilage

Question 26

What branches compose the pharyngeal plexus?

Answer 26

CN 9, 10, and postganglionic sympathetic fibers of superior cervical ganglion

Question 27

(T/F) 9th, 10th, and 11th CN have superior and inferior ganglia.

Answer 27

False. Only the 9th and 10th.

Question 28

What is the first branch of CN 9?

Answer 28

Tympanic nerve

Question 29

What fibers does the tympanic nerve contain?

Answer 29

Preganglionic parasympathetic motor fibers and sensory fibers

Question 30

Where does the Tympanic nerve re-enter the skull?

Answer 30

Tympanic Canaliculus

Question 31

From what structures does the Tympanic Nerve return information from?

Answer 31

The tympanic cavity, auditory tube, and the mastoid air cells

Question 32

What does the next branch of CN 9 innervate?

Answer 32

Stylopharyngeus Muscle

Question 33

Where does the stylopharyngeus muscle originate?

Answer 33

From the 3rd pharyngeal arch

Question 34

What nerve fibers make up CN 9 fibers innervating the stylopharyngeus muscle?

Answer 34

BE (branchiomeric motor)

Question 35

Where does the main trunk of CN 9 continue after the stylopharyngeus muscle?

Answer 35

The Tongue

Question 36

What path does CN 9 take to enter the tongue?

Answer 36

Through gap b/t superior and middle constrictor muscles and deep to hyoglossus muscle

Question 37

Sensory branches from CN 9 contain tastes sensation from what part of the tone?

Answer 37

Posterior 1/3 (SA fibers)

Question 38

Where does the general somatic sensation input come from in the tongue from CN 9?

Answer 38

Posterior 1/3 of tongue and tonsillar bed

Question 39

The superior part of the nasopharynx also gets overlapping sensory nerve supply from branches of what?

Answer 39

V2 of CN5

Question 40

Where does the sensory information from the laryngopharynx come from?

Answer 40

The vagus nerve

Question 41

What body contains chemoreceptors for O2, CO2, pH, and temperature?

Answer 41

Carotid Body

Question 42

What is the area that is at the bifurcation of the common carotid artery into the internal and external carotids?

Answer 42

Carotid Sinus

Question 43

What does the carotid sinus contain?

Answer 43

Baroreceptors

Question 44

Where is the pharyngeal nerve plexus formed?

Answer 44

On the middle constrictor near the greater horn of the hyoid bone

Question 45

What fibers of the pharyngeal nerve plexus are vasomotor?

Answer 45

Sympathetic fibers

Question 46

What part of the pharynx receives sensory fibers of glossopharyngeal nerve?

Answer 46

Upper 2/3rds of the pharynx