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The Persian Conflict Flashcards

1
Q

Hoplites

A

Heavily armored Greek infantrymen

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2
Q

Ephebes

A

Athenian citizen, between 18 and 20, required to undergo military training.

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3
Q

Persian provincial governor

A

Satrap

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4
Q

Polycrates of Samos

A

Killed by Persian governor
Attracted distinguished physicians and poets to his court
Usurped power at Samos with the help of his two brothers

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5
Q

585

A

Media tries to conquer Persia

Thales predict eclipse of the sun which led to peace

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6
Q

560

A

Croesus calls the name of Solon three times after being condemned to die by Cyrus

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7
Q

Peltasts

A

Lightly armed Greek infantrymen
Originally Thracian
Fought in Archidamian war
Name comes from their shield

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8
Q

Who founded the Persian Empire?

A

Cyrus

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9
Q

Achaemenid Dynasty

A

Darius & Xerxes were members of this Persian dynasty

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10
Q

Official religion under Darius

A

Zoroastrianism

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11
Q

540

A

Polycrates seizes Samos with the aid of his two brothers

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12
Q

Histiaeus, tyrant of Miletus

A

Held captive as a councilor in Darius’ court

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13
Q

494

A

Battle of Lade

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14
Q

497

A

Ionians and Athenians burn Sardis

“Master Remember the Athenians”

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15
Q

Ionian revolt

A

499
Led by Aristagorus against Persia
Athens sends 20 ships

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16
Q

493

A

Themistocles elected archon

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17
Q

490

A

Battle of Marathon

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18
Q

491

A

Darius sends envoys to Sparta asking for earth and water

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19
Q

Mt Laurium

A

Silver mines
Used for building Athenian fleet
Silver was supposed to be distributed equally between every citizen

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20
Q

Athenian leaders during the Battle of Marathon

A

Callimachus & Militiades

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21
Q

Who is accredited the victory at Marathon?

A

Callimachus

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22
Q

Who is responsible for the victory at Marathon?

A

Militiades

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23
Q

Athenian forces vs Persian forces at Marathon(count of soldiers)

A

10,000 vs 20,000

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24
Q

Persian leaders at Marathon

A

Datis and Artaphernes

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25
Victory at Marathon avoided the restoration of what tyrant in Athens?
Hippias
26
Random people who fought at Marathon
Cynegeirus & Aeschylus
27
Death count(Greek:Persian)
192:6403
28
Pheidippides
Ran 26 miles from Marathon to either: - Athens, announce victory - Sparta, request aid
29
Who did Darius marry?
Atossa, daughter of Cyrus
30
Which Spartan King threw Darius' envoys in a well?
Cleomenes
31
Why didn't Sparta fight during the Battle of Marathon?
Sparta was delayed by the position of the moon
32
499-497
Persian Wars
33
Mardonius appeased the Ionians by-
Permitting democracies
34
489
Aristides is elected archon
35
Who recorded the history of the Persian Wars?
Herodotus
36
487
Militiades secures his downfall
37
485
Darius dies
38
Militiades ruled Cheronese, a region inherited from his-
Maternal uncle
39
484
Xanthippus is ostracized
40
Persian strategy
Cooperation and close contact between army and navy
41
482
Aristides is ostracized
42
Mardonius is Darius'-
Son-in-law
43
Who is nicknamed "The Just"?
Aristides
44
481
Synedrion of Probuloi
45
Leader of army and navy respectively
Leonidas and Eurybiades
46
Synedrion of Probuloi
Congress of Greek states at Corinth | Sparta is elected leader of army and navy
47
Which Persian king ordered that the Hellespont be given 300 lashes?
Xerxes
48
Which city-state provided a base of operations for the Persians?
Thebes
49
480
``` Battle of Artemissium Battle of Thermopylae Battle of Salamis Battle of Himera (aka ATSH) ```
50
What is the "wooden wall" that the Delphic Oracle predicted could save Athens? What did Themistocles take the meaning as?
A navy; an actual dumb af wooden wall
51
What exiled Sparta King acted as an adviser to Xerxes?
Dermatus
52
Which battles during the Persian war happened simultaneously?
Artemissium & Thermopylae | Salamis & Himera
53
What is the exact date for the Battles of Salamis & Himera?
September 20 or 23, 480
54
Battle of Artemissium
Naval Battle Giant storm destroyed 200 Persian ships Neither side won(Greeks consider it their victory though)
55
Who led the Greeks during the Battle of Thermopylae?
Leonidas
56
Medism
Cooperation of any Greek with the Persian Empire
57
What traitor led the Persians during the Battle of Thermopylae?
Ephialtes
58
How many Greeks fought at the Battle of Thermopylae? How many were Spartan? How many Spartans survived?
7,000; 300; 2
59
Thermopylae means-
"Hot Gates"
60
"So much better, we will fight in the shade."
Dienekes
61
Why couldn't Sparta send reinforcements during the Battle of Thermopylae?
The Camean Festival
62
What Spartan King died at Thermopylae?
Leonidas
63
Who led the Persian forces at Thermopylae?
Hydarnes
64
Battle of Thermopylae
Land Battle | Persians won
65
What Greek instigated the Battle of Salamis?
Themistocles
66
After the Battle of Thermopylae, who became leader of the Greek Army?
Cleobrotus
67
What queen assisted the Persians during that Battle of Salamis?
Artemisia, queen of Caria
68
Where was Xerxes during the Battle of Salamis?
Watching the battle from a golden throne on a nearby hill
69
What Greek city-state did not send any ships to Salamis?
Thebes
70
Battle of Salamis
Naval Battle Large Persian ships could not navigate in the small pass Greek victory Mardonius continued the war for Persia after Xerxes failure
71
479
Battle of Plataea Battle of Mycale Siege of Sestos (aka PMS)
72
Battle of Himera
Land Battle Greek victory Syracuse mints "damaretion" to commemorate victory
73
Who wrote the earliest literary account of the Battle of Salamis?
Aeschylus
74
Siege of Sestos
Led by Xanthippus
75
Battle of Mycale
Ionian cities were freed from Persian rule | Led by Leotychidas
76
Pentekontoetia
480-430 "Period of Fifty Years" Period of Peace
77
Battle of Plataea
Fought at the foot of Mt Cithaeron Led by Pausanius Persians never make a serious attempt against Greece again
78
What was the first true instance of Panhellic Policy?
Synedrion of Probuloi
79
523
Persia captures Samos | Polycrates is crucified
80
538
Cyrus dies | Cambyses ascends throne
81
522
Cambyses dies | Darius becomes King
82
When were Aristides and Xanthippus recalled?
480

antiquity history (34 decks)

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