Athenian Government & Empire Flashcards
1
Q
594
A
Solon
2
Q
Seisactheia
A
Cancellation of all debts
3
Q
Axones
A
Wooden tablets
Solon laws inscribed on these
4
Q
570
A
Solon is awarded Salamis by Sparta instead of Megara
5
Q
According to Herodotus, Solon met with ___________, who considered him a very wise man.
A
King Croesus of Lydia
6
Q
What was Solon’s motto?
A
“Avoid Excess”
7
Q
Solon never tried to make himself a-
A
Tyrant
8
Q
Solon is used as a term meaning-
A
Legislator
9
Q
What was Solon’s occupation?
A
Poet, traveler, and lawgiver
10
Q
Who established the Council of Four Hundred?
A
Solon
11
Q
What was the Council of Four Hundred’s original duty?
A
To prepare the business of the Assembly
12
Q
Heliaea
A
Body of 6,000 jurors
13
Q
How long did Solon serve as archon?
A
22 years
14
Q
Shore(Coast) party
A
Merchants
15
Q
Plain Party
A
Wealthy landowners
16
Q
Mountain(Hill) Party
A
Peasants and laborers
17
Q
Which party did Pisistratus lead?
A
Mountain Party
18
Q
556
A
Pisistratus’ first expulsion
19
Q
550
A
Pisistratus’ return with Phye
20
Q
549
A
Pisistratus’ second expulsion
21
Q
546
A
Pisistratus’ third and final rise to power
22
Q
How long did Pisistratus rule during his final reign?
A
20 years
23
Q
527
A
Pisistratus’ death
24
Q
Name Pisistratus’ sons
A
Hippias, Hipparchus, and Thessalus
25
Which over Pisistratus' sons were not involved in politics?
Thessalus
26
Tyranicides
Aristogeniton and Harmodius
27
What tyrant did Aristogeniton and Harmodius kill?
Hipparchus
28
Who did Athens appeal to in order to overthrow Hippias?
Cleisthenes of the Alcaemonid family
29
Who else is a member of the Alcaemonids?
Megacles
30
"First free Athens"
Fake Delphic Oracle would repeat this to Spartans until they got rid of Hippias for Athens
31
What Spartan King drove out Hippias?
Cleomenes
32
510
Hippias expelled; Isagorus establishes an oligarchy
33
507
Cleisthenes restores democracy
34
Who is considered the "second founder of Athenian democracy"?
Cleisthenes
35
Cleisthenes' legislation
Abolished four tribes and 360 clans
Divided Attica into 10 tribes and 30 trittyes
Council of Four Hundred is replaced by Council of Five Hundred
36
Deme
Geographical district
37
Metics
Foreign freemen
38
Phratry
Brotherhood
39
Strategos
General that joined the Polemarchos
40
Who was Cleisthenes' major rival?
Isagorus
41
462
Council of Areopagus loses a bunch of power
42
Ostracism
Exile
Name came from pieces of pottery called ostraka
Could keep property and citizenship
43
Who was the first person to be ostracized? The last?
Hipparchus; Hyperbolus
44
487-417
Years ostracism used
45
Rule of the few
Oligarchy
46
Rule of the People
Democracy(Insomnia)
47
Festivals established by Pisistratus
Panathenaea and Dionysia
48
Kerarneikos
Burial ground outside of Athens
49
478
Gelon dies
| Heiron becomes ruler of Syracuse
50
Delian League
477
Protect and rescue cities from Persian re-conquest
Offset the cost of the war
Revenge on Persia
51
Who decided how much each member contributed to the Delian Treasury?
Aristides, "The Just"
52
What did Athens contribute to the Delian Treasury?
Ships
53
Athens port was moved from ________ to ________.
Phaleron; Piraeus
54
Who moved the Athenian port?
Themistocles
55
458
Long Walls connect Athens to Piraeus
56
Who was the architect of Piraeus?
Hippodamus
57
474
Battle of Cyme
58
Herodotus of Halicarnassus
484-440
| "Father of History"
59
471
Themistocles is ostracized
| Pausanius is starved to death
60
What son of Militiades brought home the bones of Theseus to Athens?
Cimon
61
Who was Cimon's main opponent?
Ephialtes
62
469
Nazos is the first state to revolt from the Delian League
63
Battle of Eurymedon
468
| Double land battle
64
Third Messenian War
464
| Earthquake
65
461
Cimon ostracized because of his pro-Sparta policy
66
What Athenian statesman was ostracized because of his raising sea power and had later become the Persian provincial governor of Magnesia?
Themistocles
67
Who ruled Athens during her Golden Age?
Pericles
68
454
Delian Treasury moved from Delos to Athens
69
451
Citizenship restricted
70
Pericles
Elected strategos 30 consecutive years. Sacrificed army for navy. Moved Delian Treasury. Restricted citizenship. Initiated building of Long Walls. Foreign Policy - imperialism
71
"Future Ages will wonder at us, as the present age wonders at us now."
Pericles
72
458
Battle of Aegina
73
457
Battle of Tanagrea
| Battle of Oenophyta
74
456
Megabyzus drained canal of Nile, drives Greeks out of Egypt
75
446
The Thirty Year Treaty
76
How long did the Thirty Year Treaty last?
Three years
77
440
Samos and Byzantium revolt from Delian League
78
Who are the architects of the Parthenon?
Ictinus and Callicrates
79
Phidias
Pericles' sculptor
Made the "Athene Parthenos" and the "Olympian Zeus" out of gold and ivory
Targeted in order to indirectly attack Pericles
80
Temple of Sunion
Dedicated to Poseidon
81
Aeschylus
Wrote Persea
82
Sophocles
Priest of Asclepius
83
Anaxagorus
Teacher of Pericles
| Expelled because taught the sun was not a god
84
Socrates
"The unexamined life is not worth living"
Wisest man in the world
Greatest philosopher in the world
85
Sophists
Educators that traveled throughout Greece
86
Protagorus
415
First and greatest sophist
Banished because of book, On the Gods, that questioned the existence of Gods
"Man is the measure of all things"
87
Name significant sophists.
Protagorus, Gorgias, Prodicus, and Hippias
88
Erechtheum
It's on the Acropolis
89
Solon's legislation
Repealed Draco's legislation(except concerning murder)
Divide Athens into four economic classes
Seisactheia
Embargo on all agricultural foods except olives and oil
