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Barracks Emperors Flashcards

1
Q

How long did the span of the Barrack Emperors last?

A

235-284 A.D.

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2
Q

What is a common trend with the Barrack Emperors?

A

There were plenty, there were short reigns

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3
Q

Who was the first Barrack Emperor?

A

Maximinus Thrax

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4
Q

How long did Maximinus Thrax reign for?

A

235-238 A.D.

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5
Q

When did Maximinus Thrax begin his reign?

A

235 A.D.

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6
Q

How many emperors were there in the year 238 A.D.?

A

6

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7
Q

Who was Maximinus Thrax?

A

Thracian peasant/soldier who succeeded Alexander Severus, was one of the “6 emperors” of 238 A.D.

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8
Q

As a reward for getting him the role of emperor, what did Maximinus Thrax do for his soldiers?

A

Doubled the pay of his soldiers

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9
Q

Who did Maximinus Thrax bribe in order to become emperor?

A

His soldiers

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10
Q

What made Maximinus Thrax unpopular with the people?

A

passed taxes to pay troops and finance a German campaign

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11
Q

What sect was particularly angered by Maximinus Thrax?

A

wealthy African landowners who had gained power in the senate since time of Septimius Severus

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12
Q

What city did Maximinus Thrax fail to take?

A

strategic city of Aquileia,

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13
Q

Who killed Maximinus Thrax?

A

His soldiers

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14
Q

When did Maximinius Thrax end his reign?

A

238 A.D.

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15
Q

Gordian I & Gordian II were emperors co-ruling from where in 238 A.D.?

A

North Africa

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16
Q

How old was Gordian the First?

A

Gordian I was 80 years old, perhaps the oldest person ever named Augustus

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17
Q

Gordian I & Gordian II were defeated by whom?

A

Troops loyal to Maximinus Thrax

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18
Q

What set of emperors were essentially appointed co-rulers by the Senate in 238 A.D.?

A

Pupienus & Balbinus

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19
Q

Who killed Pupienus & Balbinus?

A

The Praetorian Guard

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20
Q

How long did Gordian III rule for?

A

238-244 A.D.

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21
Q

Gordian III was the grandson of whom?

A

Grandson of Gordian I

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22
Q

How old was Gordian III when he became emperor?

A

13

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23
Q

Who was the victor of the year 238 A.D.?

A

Gordian III

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24
Q

Who looked after Gordian III?

A

praetorian prefect Timesitheus (died in 243 B.C.,

replaced by Philip)

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25
What Praetorian Prefect was the guardian of Gordian III?
Timesitheus (died in 243 B.C., | replaced by Philip)
26
When did Gordian III end his reign?
244 A.D.
27
How long did Philip the Arab rule for?
244-249 A.D.
28
In what year did Philip the Arab begin his reign?
244 A.D.
29
Who celebrated Rome's 1000th anniversary?
Philip the Arab
30
Who defeated Philip the Arab?
Decius at Verona
31
Where was Philip the Arab defeated by Decius?
Verona in 249 A.D.
32
When did Decius begin his reign?
249 A.D.
33
How long did Decius reign for?
249-251 A.D.
34
Decius is known for his harsh prosecution of what religious group?
Christians
35
Decius was the first emperor to be killed in battle. What battle was Decius killed in?
battle at Abrittus against the Goths under Kniva
36
What enemy of Rome was Decius killed by?
Goths under Kniva
37
In what year did Decius die?
251 A.D.
38
Who ruled from 251-253 A.D.?
Trebonianus Gallus
39
Trebonianus Gallus made peace with what adversary?
Kniva and the Goths
40
Where was Trebonianus Gallus defeated?
Interamna in 253 A.D.?
41
How long did Valerian reign for?
253-260 A.D.
42
Who captured Valerian?
Captured by The Persians under Shapur I
43
Where was Valerian captured by the Persians and Shapur I?
Edessa (Carrhae)
44
How did Valerian die in 260 A.D.?
died in captivity
45
Who was the son of Valerian?
Gallienus
46
How long did Gallienus reign for as emperor?
253-268 A.D.
47
Who did Gallienus fight against?
the Alemanni and several other tribes and revolters
48
Impostors who claimed the throne under Gallienus were known as?
“Thirty Tyrants”
49
During Gallienus's reign what empire was formed?
The Gallic Empire was established by Postumus (260 A.D.) (independent of the Roman Empire)
50
In what year was the Gallic Empire founded?
260 A.D.
51
Who founded the Gallic Empire?
Postumus
52
At its greatest extent the Gallic Empire stretched out how far?
at its height, it contained Germania, Gaul, | Britannia, and Hispania
53
Gallienus abandoned his war with the Goths to defeat whom in Italy?
M’. Acilius Aureolus at | a battle near Mediolanum (Milan)
54
Where did Gallienus defeat M’. Acilius Aureolus?
a battle near Mediolanum (Milan)
55
Gallienus had trusted whom before he turned out to be one of the "thirty tyrants"?
M’. Acilius Aureolus
56
Following the defeat of M’. Acilius Aureolus, what Illyrian officers assassinated Gallienus
Illyrian officers (including Claudius II and Aurelian)
57
In what year did Gallienus die?
268 A.D.
58
Gallienus the ended prosecution of what religious group, creating a 40 year peace?
Christians
59
How long did Claudius II (Gothicus) rule for?
268-270 A.D
60
What was Claudius II nickname?
Gothicus
61
In what battle does emperor Emperor Claudius the Second defeat the Alamanni?
Battle of Lake Benacus (268)
62
In what year does the Battle of Lake Benacus occur?
268 A.D.
63
In what battle did Claudius the Second and Aurelian command the Romans in the defeat of the Goths?
Battle of Naissus (268/269, disputed date)
64
When did the Battle of Naissus occur?
(269 A.D.) (According to Ward, Naissus may have occurred under Gallienus in 268 A.D.)
65
What was the bloodiest battle in the third century A.D.?
Battle of Naissus
66
How did Claudius the Second die?
of the plague
67
In what year did Claudius the Second die?
270 A.D.
68
Who was the brother of Claudius the Second, and may have ruled for mere days before Aurelian?
Quintillus
69
Who was Claudius's magister equitum?
Aurelian
70
How long did Aurelian reign for?
270-275 A.D.
71
What nickname of Aurelian replicates his harsh discipline?
Manus ad Ferrum (Hand on Steel)
72
What Palmyrene ruler did Aurelian defeat?
Zenobia
73
What empire did Aurelian restore after the defeat of Zenobia?
Palmyrene Empire
74
Who was made king and Augustus of the Palmyrene Empire in 271 A.D.?
Zenobia's son Vabalathus
75
In what year was Zenobia's son, Vabalathus, made king of the Palmyrene Empire?
271 A.D.
76
Who was Zenobia's husband?
Odaenathus, an ally of Rome
77
When did Zenobia's husband die, leaving her to rule the Palmyrene Empire and challenge Roman authority?
267 A.D.
78
When Zenobia was defeated, where did she live out the rest of her life?
Zenobia lived her days out in dignity, living at a villa in Tibur (Tivoli), married to a Roman senator
79
What title is given to Aurelian for his success?
Restitutor Orbis (Restorer of the World)
80
What success did Aurelian win against the Gallic Empire?
defeat of Tetricus of the Gallic Empire at Chalons-Sur-Marne (French city)
81
Who did Aurelian defeat at Chalons-Sur-Marne?
Tetricus of the Gallic Empire
82
For his success in the East, what title did Aurelian receive?
Restitutor Orientis (Restorer of the East)
83
What city did Aurelian sack after they rebelled a second time?
Palmyra
84
Similar to Elagabulus, what sun god did Aurelian worship?
Sun God (Sol Invictus)
85
What defensive structure did Aurelian start building in 271 A.D.?
a brick wall around Rome that was 12 miles long, 20 | feet high, and 12 feet thick, with 18 gates
86
Aurelian stopped mint making for Roman coinage, instigating a revolt among the workers led by whom?
Felicissimus
87
Aurelian abandoned what province?
Dacia
88
How did Aurelian die?
He was murdered in Thrace
89
When did Aurelian die?
275 A.D., six months
90
How long did Tacitus reign for?
275–276 A.D.
91
How did Tacitus become emperor?
Chosen by the Senate
92
How did Tacitus die?
Assassinated by his own troops
93
Who finished construction on Aurelian's Wall around Rome?
Emperor Probus
94
What emperor sacked Ctesiphon in 283 A.D.?
Carus
95
How is emperor Carus proclaimed to have died in 283 A.D.?
he was struck by lightning or killed by the praetorian | prefect Ape
96
What emperors were the sons of emperor Carus?
Carinus (283-285 A.D.) in the West and Numerian (283-284 A.D.) in the East
97
What son of Carus ruled the west?
Carinus (283-285 A.D.)
98
What son of Carus ruled the east?
Numerian (283-284 A.D.)
99
Where was Carinus defeated by Diocletian?
at the Battle of the River Margus (285 A.D.)
100
In what year was Carinus defeated by Diocletian?
285 A.D.
101
Numerian may have been killed by what Praetorian Prefect in 84 A.D.?
praetorian prefect L. Flavius Aper
102
Who, believing praetorian prefect L. Flavius Aper had killed Numerian, slew praetorian prefect L. Flavius Aper?
Diocletian
103
In what year did the Barrack Emperors Era end?
284 A.D.

antiquity history (34 decks)

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