Julio-Claudian Dynasty Flashcards
1
Q
How long did the Julio-Claudian Dynasty last?
A
27 B.C.-68 A.D.
2
Q
Where and when was Octavian born?
A
Born in 63 B.C. in Rome
3
Q
Who were Octavian’s biological parents?
A
Gaius Octavius and Atia
4
Q
What three feats allowed Augustus to celebrate a triple triumph in 29 B.C.?
A
The conquest of Illyricum, the victory
at Actium, and the annexation of Egypt
5
Q
Which senator proposed the name “Augustus” for Octavian in 27 B.C., marking the beginning of the empire?
A
Munatius Plancus
6
Q
In what year was the empire founded?
A
27 B.C.
7
Q
What powers did Augustus gain with his new title?
A
The power of tribunicia potestas and maius proconsulare imperium
8
Q
Who established the Principate?
A
Augustus
9
Q
What does princeps senatus / princeps civitatis mean?
A
first amongst the senators/ first amongst the citizens
10
Q
In what year did Octavian annex Egypt?
A
29 B.C.
11
Q
Who annexed Egypt in 29 B.C.?
A
Octavian
12
Q
Whose death (13 B.C.) led Augustus to become pontifex maximus in 12 B.C.?
A
Lepidus (the former triumvir)
13
Q
Who was bestowed the title “pater patriae” (father of the fatherland) by the senate in 2 B.C.?
A
Augustus
14
Q
In what year did Augustus earn the title “pater patriae”?
A
2 B.C.
15
Q
From what years did Marcus Agrippa campaign in Spain?
A
26 B.C. to 19 B.C.
16
Q
Campaigning along the Danube, what set of brothers helped to defeat the Pannonian and Illyrian Bato (there were two of them) and Maroboduus of the Marcomanni?
A
Tiberius and Drusus the Elder
17
Q
What revolt occurred in 23 B.C.?
A
Revolt of Caepio & Murena
18
Q
When and how did Tiberius’s brother, Drusus the Elder, die?
A
Drusus the Elder fell off his horse and died in 9 B.C
19
Q
What debacle for the Romans occurred in 9 A.D.?
A
Teutoberg Forest
20
Q
How many legions were lost at Teutoberg Forest?
A
3 legions
21
Q
Who was the commander at Teutoberg Forest?
A
Quinctilius Varus
22
Q
Who defeated the Romans at Teutoberg Forest?
A
Arminius (Herman the German) of the Cherusci
23
Q
Who was given command in Germany in 12 A.D.?
A
Germanicus was given “chief command” in 12 A.D. (he primarily, and maybe Tiberius made retaliatory raids into Germany)
24
Q
Who established the praetorian guard?
A
Augustus
25
Whose private fire-brigade inspired Augustus to establish a praefectus vigilum
with 3500 firemen, in 26 B.C.?
Egnatius Rufus, an ambitious aedile
26
What office did Augustus make to help with grain supply and distribution?
praefectus annonae, in charge of the grain supply
27
Who was the first to hold the office of praefectus annonae, instructor of the grain supply?
Gaius Turranius, a governor of Egypt
28
What famous quote did Augustus say when reflecting on his reign as empire?
"I found Rome a city of brick, left it a city of Marble”
29
What forum did Augustus build?
the Forum of Augustus
30
A temple to whom was in the Forum of Augustus?
Had Temple to Mars Ultor
31
Who-- former commander under Augustus at Actium-- is credited with building the first PERMANENT amphitheater?
T. Statilius Taurus
32
What four major constructions did Marcus Agrippa build?
Pantheon, Baths of Agrippa, Aqua Virgo, and Aqua Julia
33
How many different wives did Augustus have over the course of his life?
Three
34
What are the names of Augustus's wives?
– Claudia, Scribonia (2nd), with whom he had Julia,
| and then Livia (3rd), mother of Tiberius (but not by Augustus)
35
Who is the mother of Julia?
Scribonia
36
Who is the mother of Tiberius?
Livia
37
Believing death was near, in 23 B.C., who did Augustus give his signet ring to?
Agrippa
38
To whom did Augustus originally betroth and marry Julia to?
C. Claudius Marcellus (famous for the theater) – Marcellus died shortly thereafter
39
How many kids did Agrippa and Julia have together?
Five kids
40
Where was Julia exiled to?
Pandeteria
41
Who where the five kids of Agrippa and Julia?
Lucius Caesar, Gaius Caesar, Agrippina the Elder, Julia the Younger, Agrippa Postumus
42
Lucius Caesar and Gaius Caesar (sons of Agrippa and Julia) were adopted by Augustus but died in what years?
2 A.D. and 4 A.D.
43
Which two brothers (sons of Agrippa and Julia) did Augustus adopt, only to see them die in 2 A.D. and 4 A.D.?
Lucius Caesar and Gaius Caesar
44
Where was Agrippa Postumus (son of Agrippa and Julia) exiled to?
Agrippa Postumus exiled to Planasia in 9 A.D.
45
When was Agrippa Postumus (son of Agrippa and Julia) exiled?
9 A.D.
46
When was Julia the Younger exiled?
8 A.D.
47
What was Tiberius's father's full name?
Tiberius Claudius Nero
48
Whom did Tiberius (the emperor) divorce to marry Julia the Elder?
Vipsania
49
Where did Tiberius go into exile?
Rhodes
50
When was Tiberius in exile?
6-2 B.C.
51
Where did Augustus die?
Nola
52
When did Augustus die?
14 A.D.
53
Where were Augustus's ashes kept?
In his mausoleum
54
How long was Tiberius's reign?
14-37 A.D.
55
What military position did Tiberius have under Augustus?
general
56
How did Tiberius view his position as emperor?
Gloomy, never really desiring to be emperor, and
| jealous of a fellow general, his nephew and adoptive son, Germanicus
57
Who, nephew and adopted son of Tiberius, was Tiberius jealous of?
Germanicus
58
In what year did Germanic receive a triumph?
17 A.D.
59
When did Germanicus die?
19 A.D.
60
Who suspected of killing Germanicus through poison?
governor of Syria, Gn. Calpurnius Piso (who then killed himself)
61
What revolt covered the span of seven years (17-24 A.D.) during Tiberius's reign?
Revolt of Tacfarinas
62
Who was Tacfarinas?
Numidian chieftain who revolted against Rome
63
Who trapped Tacfarinas and nearly ended the Revolt of Tacfarinas, but was recalled?
Iunius Blaesus
64
Who successfully ended the Revolt of Tacfarinas?
P. Cornelius Dolabella
65
In what year did the Revolt of Florus and Sacrovir occur?
21 A.D.
66
Who led the Revolt of Florus and Sacrovir?
Two Gallic noblemen Julius Sacrovir of the Aedui and Julius Florus of Treviri
67
In what year did Aelius Sejanus become the Praetorian Prefect?
15 A.D.
68
When did Tiberius leave Rome for Capri, never again stepping foot in Rome?
26 A.D.
69
Tiberius left Rome for his villa on what Italian island?
Capri
70
In what year did Livia die?
Livia died in 29 A.D. – Tiberius did not attend her funeral
71
Why was Aelius Sejanus deemed a villain?
Sejanus tried to kill or exile all members of the family of Agrippina the Elder
72
In what year did Aelius Sejanus face the ramifications of his villainy and was summoned to the Senate and killed?
In 31 B.C. when he was summoned to the Senate and killed
73
Who exposed Sejanus?
Antonia Minor
74
Who replaced Sejanus as Praetorian Prefect?
Sutorius Macro
75
Who issued mass treason trials on those connected to Sejanus?
Tiberius
76
Who were the parents of Caligula?
Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder
77
Who was the grandfather of Tiberius Gemellus?
Tiberius
78
Who were the final two candidates two secede Tiberius as emperor?
Tiberius Gemellus, grandson of Tiberius, or Caligula, a son of Germanicus and Agrippina the Elder
79
Who executed Gemellus as quaestor?
Caligula
80
In what year did Tiberius die?
37 A.D.
81
Where were Tiberius's ashes placed?
Mausoleum of Augustus
82
How long did Caligula reign for?
37-41 A.D.
83
Caligula was the third emperor. His name (Caligula) was known to mean what?
“little boot”
84
Instead of invading Britain, what did Caligula order his troops to do?
Commanded his soldiers to collect seashells along the English Channel (on the coast of France. His army never reached Britain).
85
What was the name of Caligula's beloved horse, whom he attempted to make a consul or senator?
Incitatus
86
Whom amongst the praetorian guard killed Caligula?
Cassius Chaerea
87
In 39 A.D., commander of the Upper Rhine Lentulus Gatulicus conspired and had plans to install whom as emperor?
nobleman M. Aemilius Lepidus
88
The Senate hoped to achieve what after a Caligula's assassination?
A restored republic
89
Who killed Caligula?
Cassius Chaerea, tribune of the Praetorian Guard, Cornelius Sabinus, and others
90
Who was the uncle of Caligula?
Claudius
91
Where was Claudius found hiding after the assassination of Caligula?
Imperial palace
92
In what year did Caligula die?
41 A.D.
93
Where were Caligula's ashes placed?
Mausoleum of Augustus
94
How long did Claudius's reign last?
41 A.D.-54 A.D.
95
Who was said to be lame or handicapped?
Claudius
96
Who was the first emperor born outside of Italy?
Claudius
97
Where was Claudius born?
Lyon in Cisalpine Gaul
98
Who were the parents of Claudius?
Nero Claudius Drusus (Drusus the Elder) and Antonia Minor (daughter of Marc Antony),
99
Who was the brother of Claudius?
Germanicus
100
Who completed that annexation of Maurentania?
Claudius
101
In 41 A.D. who put down the rebellions in Maurentania?
general Suetonius Paulinus
102
Lycia, Thrace, and Noricum were all conquered by whom?
Claudius
103
Who began the conquest in Britain?
Claudius
104
Who led the invasion of Britain?
general Aulus Plautius
105
Which two aqueducts may have been completed under Claudius?
Anio Novus and the Aqua Claudia
106
What construction did Claudius add to Ostia?
a new harbor which included a lighthouse
107
The 800th anniversary of Rome was celebrated in what year?
47 A.D.
108
What position did the freedman Narcissus have?
chief secretary (praepositis ab epistulis)
109
What is the Latin name for chief secretary?
praepositis ab epistulis
110
Among the positions filled by freedmen in Claudius's reign, there was the chief accountant (praepositis a rationibus). Who held this position?
Pallas
111
What is the Latin name for chief accountant?
praepositis a rationibus
112
What freedman occupied the office of examiner of petitions (praepositis a libellis)?
Callistus
113
Who kindled a revolt in 41 A.D.
M. Furius Camillus Scribonianus
114
The Revolt of M. Furius Camillus Scribonianus happened in what year?
41 A.D.
115
M. Furius Camillus Scribonianus was governor of what province?
Dalmatia
116
The Revolt of M. Furius Camillus Scribonianus was a conspiracy involving who?
M. Furius Camillus Scribonianus, governor of Dalmatia, and Annius Vinicianus
117
The Revolt of M. Furius Camillus Scribonianus conspired against whom?
Claudius
118
Who were the four wives of Claudius?
Plautia Urgulanilla, Aelia Paetina, Valeria Messalina and Agrippina the Younger
119
Who was the third wife of Claudius?
Valeria Messalina
120
Who was the fourth wife of Claudius?
Agrippina the Younger
121
Valeria Messalina bore Claudius what son?
Britannicus
122
How did Valeria Messalina die?
She was killed by the Praetorians in 48 A.D.
123
When did Messalina die?
48 A.D.
124
Why was Messalina killed by the Praetorians?
supposed conspiracy against Claudius with one of her lovers, C. Silius
125
Who was Messalina's secret lover?
C. Silius
126
Who was Agrippina the Younger?
The fourth wife of Claudius
127
The father of Agrippina the Younger was whom?
Germanicus
128
What was Agrippina the Younger's relation to Caligula?
Sister
129
Agrippina the Younger had a son with whom before wedded to Claudius?
Gn. Domitius Ahenobarbus
130
The son of Gn. Domitius Ahenobarbus and Agrippina the Younger was named what?
L. Domitius Ahenobarbus –better known as Nero
131
Who adopted Nero?
Claudius
132
Who were the heirs of Claudius?
Nero and Brittanicus
133
Who poisoned Claudius?
Agrippina the Younger
134
How did Claudius die?
He was poisoned through mushroom soup
135
Who made the poisons for Agrippina the Younger?
Locusta
136
Who was the imperial taster?
Halotus
137
In what year did Claudius die?
54 A.D.
138
Where were the ashes of Claudius placed?
Mausoleum of Augustus
139
How long did Nero's reign last?
54-68 A.D.
140
How was Nero related to Caligula?
He was his nephew
141
How did Nero deal with his adoptive brother Britaniccus?
Had Britannicus poisoned (55 A.D.)
142
In what year was Britannicus poisoned?
55 A.D.
143
Nero's early reign was considered stable, hence its name- what was it?
Early reign considered stable – Quinquennium Neronis
144
Who was a tutor of Nero and had influence over him?
Seneca the Younger
145
Who was the first Praetorian Prefect under Nero?
Africanus Burrus
146
Who did Nero have murdered in 59 A.D.?
His mother, Agrippina the Younger
147
Who carried out the assassination of Agrippina the Younger?
Nero’s admiral, Anicetus
148
Later murdered, who missed death when a ship meant to sink failed in its function?
Agrippina the Younger
149
Who was Nero's first wife (and half-sister)?
Octavia
150
Where was Octavia exiled to?
Pandateria
151
Who killed Octavia?
Nero
152
Who was the second wife of Nero?
Poppaea Sabina
153
Otho (the future emperor) was made governor of what region by Nero?
Lusitania
154
Why did Nero make Otho governor of Lusitania?
to take Poppaea Sabina from him
155
Nero took to take Poppaea Sabina what spouse?
Otho
156
When did the Praetorian Prefect Africanus Burrus die?
62 A.D.
157
Who replaced Africanus Burrus?
Tigellinus
158
Who replaced Tigellinus?
Nymphidius Sabinus
159
What Praetorian Prefect supported Galba against Nero?
Nymphidius Sabinus
160
In what year did the Great Fire occur?
64 A.D.
161
Where was Nero during the Great Fire?
Said to be "fiddling" while Rome burned down, was actually away in Antium.
162
What was the name of Nero's new house?
Domus Aurea (Golden House)
163
Which group did Nero blame for the Great Fire?
Christians
164
Who was placed on the Armenian throne in 66 A.D.
Tiridates
165
Who restores order in Armenia?
The general (and governor of Syria) Gn. Domitius Corbulo
166
Who is forced to commit suicide after restoring order in Armenia in 67 A.D.?
The general (and governor of Syria) Gn. Domitius Corbulo
167
When did the Revolt of Boudicca take place?
60-61 A.D.
168
What was the Revolt of Boudicca?
Queen Boudicca of the Iceni (tribe) revolts in Britain
169
Who ends the Revolt of Boudicca?
Suetonius Paulinus
170
Who was Boudicca's husband?
Prasutagas, who probably allied with the
| Romans
171
When did the Jewish Revolt happen?
66-70 A.D.
172
Who ends the Jewish revolt?
Vespasian (future emperor)
173
In what contest did Nero compete in, bribing the judges for him to win?
Olympic Games
174
When does the Pisonian Conspiracy occur?
65 A.D.
175
Who was the Pisonian Conspiracy against?
Nero
176
Who leads the Pisonian Conspiracy?
C. Calpurnius Piso
177
What was the outcome of the Pisonian Conspiracy?
Failure
178
How did Nero die?
Committed suicide
179
When did Nero die?
68 A.D.
