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Chemistry > The Periodic Table Of Elements > Flashcards

The Periodic Table Of Elements Flashcards

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1
Q

What are ionic bonds made up of?

A

Metal + non-metal

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2
Q

What are covalent bonds made up of?

A

Non-metal + non- metal

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3
Q

What are metallic bonds made up of?

A

Metal + Metal

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4
Q

What kind of bond do Nobel gasses form?

A

None, they don’t form any bonds

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5
Q

Physical properties of metals? (7)

A

High melting point
Good heat conductors
Good electrical conductors
High density
Malleable
Ductile
Lustrous (shiny)

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6
Q

Physical properties of non-metals? (7)

A

Low melting point
Poor heat conductors
Poor electoral conductors
Low density
Brittle
Brittle
Dull

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7
Q

What do the metalloids generally share physical properties with?

A

Metals

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8
Q

Chemical properties of metals? (6)

A

Tend to loose electrons
Low ionization energy
Low electronegativity
Often good reducing agents
Form basic oxides in presence of oxygen
React with water

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9
Q

Chemical properties of non-metals? (6)

A

Tend to gain electrons
High ionization energy
High electronegativity
Often good oxidising agents
Form acidic oxides in presence of oxygen
Do not react water

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10
Q

What w metaloids share chemical properties with?

A

Non-metals

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11
Q

What is one physical property alkali metals & alkaline earth metals don’t share with metals in general?

A

Density, they have low density

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12
Q

Which is the least electronegative group? & what direction does it increase?

A

1, alkali metals, increases going up the group

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13
Q

Are alkali metals very or not very reactive?

A

Very reactive

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14
Q

What do alkali metals & alkaline earth metals form when reacting with water?

A

Metal hydroxide & hydrogen gas

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15
Q

What do alkali metals & alkaline earth metals form when reacting with oxygen?

A

Basic metal oxides

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16
Q

What is the main difference between alkaline earth metals & alkaline metals?

A

alkaline earth metals form a 2+ cations where alkine metals form a 1+

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17
Q

Is zinc a transition metal?

A

Not really, don’t treat it as one

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18
Q

Properties of transition metals

A

Chemical/physical properties of metals
Form colored compounds
Only some react w/ water
Only some react w/ oxygen
Have an incomplete d subshell
Often act as catalysts
Have multiple possible ionic change

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19
Q

Rule about naming compounds with transition metals

A

Always include number of the charge in roman numerals

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20
Q

What does halogens have the chemical & physical properties of?

A

Non-metals

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21
Q

What is the electronegativity of halogens at which direction does it increase?

A

High, going up

22
Q

What is the reactivity of halogens at which direction does it increase?

A

High, going up

23
Q

What is the charge of halogens?

A

Anions with -1

24
Q

What group of elements engages in displacement reactions

A

Halogens

25
Q

Are halogens colored?

A

Yes

26
Q

Properties of Nobel gasses

A

Non-reactive
Full octet
Very low electronegativity
Monatomic gasses at room temp

27
Q

Do Nobel gasses share the properties of non-metals?

A

No

28
Q

What determines atomic radius?

A

Number of shells, the more shells the larger
Number of protons, the more the protons the smaller the radius

29
Q

What is the trend for atomic radius?

A

Increases going down & to the left, except for hydrogen which is the smallest

30
Q

What determines electronegativity?

A

Valence electrons, the closer to I the more electronegativity
Atomic radius, the smaller the radius the closes the proton to the electron

31
Q

What is the trend for electronegativity?

A

Increases going up & to the right, exclude Nobel gasses

32
Q

What is ionization energy?

A

The energy required to remove an electron

33
Q

What determines the ionization energy?

A

Valence electrons, the closer to 8 the higher the ionization energy
Atomic radius, the smaller the radius the closer to the electron the higher the ionization energy

34
Q

What is the trend of ionization energy?

A

Increases going up & to the right

35
Q

What does melting & boiling point depend on?

A

The type of bonding

36
Q

What is the trend for melting point in group 1 (not including hydrogen)?

A

Increases going up

37
Q

What is the trend for melting point in group 17?

A

Increases going down

38
Q

What is the effective nuclear charge?

A

The positive attraction of the protons on the valence electrons

39
Q

How do you calculate the effective nuclear charge?

A

Effective nuclear charge = number of protons- number of non- valence electrons

40
Q

What is the trend for effective nuclear charge

A

Increase going right

41
Q

What is ionic radius?

A

Radius of the ion of an element

42
Q

What determines ionic radius?

A

Number of shells: the more shells, the larger the radius
Number of protons: the more protons the smaller the radius

43
Q

What is the trend for ionic radius ( hint: same as atomic radius)

A

Increase going left & down

44
Q

General rule about ion size

A

Cations are smaller than their elements
Anions are larger than their element

45
Q

Which element has the highest electron affinity?

A

Cl

46
Q

Are noble gases diatomic?

A

No, they are monoatomic

47
Q

Are noble gases diatomic?

A

No, they are monoatomic

48
Q

What is the physical property of viscous?

A

Measure of how fast or slow a liquid flows (stickyness)

49
Q

What is the physical property of volatility?

A

How readily a substance vaporizes ( dependant on intermolecular forces)

50
Q

Which metals react with water to form hydrogen gas & an alkali solution?

A

The alkali metals

Chemistry (10 decks)

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