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Chemistry > Acids & Bases > Flashcards

Acids & Bases Flashcards

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1
Q

How many definitions are there of acids & basis?

A

3

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2
Q

What is Arrhenius definition of acids?

A

Releases H+ in solution

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3
Q

What is Arrhenius definition of basis?

A

Releases OH- in solution

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4
Q

What is the bronsted- Lowry definition of acids?

A

H+ donor

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5
Q

What is the bronsted- Lowry definition of bases?

A

H+ acceptor

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6
Q

What is the conjugate acid? (Bronsted-lowry)

A

What receives the H+

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7
Q

What is the conjugate bases? (Bronsted-lowry)

A

What has lost the H+ & thus can now receive one

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8
Q

What is the Lewis definition of acid?

A

Electron pair acceptors (ecectrophices)

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9
Q

What is the Lewis definition of bases?

A

Electron pair donor (nucleophile)

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10
Q

What is the easiest way to identify which is a Lewis acid & base?

A

Draw the Lewis structure

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11
Q

What is a strong acid? How can you tell from a reaction equation?

A

Acid that fully dissociates and are strong electrolytes (conduct electricity better than weak acids), so reaction arrow going one way not both

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12
Q

What is a weak acid? How can you tell from a reaction equation?

A

Partial dissociated into ions, weak electrolytes ( electrical conductivity depends on extent of ionization), equation arrows are equilibrium arrows

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13
Q

What is a strong base? How can you tell from a reaction equation?

A

Base that fully dissociates and are strong electrolytes (conduct electricity better than weak bases), so reaction arrow going one way not both

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14
Q

What is a weak base? How can you tell from a reaction equation?

A

Partial dissociated into ions, weak electrolytes ( electrical conductivity depends on extent of ionization), equation arrows are equilibrium arrows

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15
Q

What is the formula for pH?

A

Google answer

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16
Q

What is the formula for pOH?

A

Google answer

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17
Q

At what temperature does pH + pOH= 14?

A

298 K

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18
Q

pH <7

A

Acidic

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19
Q

pH > 7

A

Basic

20
Q

pH = 7

A

Neutral

21
Q

What Color is the universal indicator when pH 1-3?

A

Red- orange

22
Q

What Color is the universal indicator when pH 4-6?

A

Yellow- light green

23
Q

What Color is the universal indicator when pH 7?

A

Green

24
Q

What Color is the universal indicator when pH 8-11?

A

Blue

25
Q

What Color is the universal indicator when pH 12-14?

A

Purple

26
Q

What happens when you mix an acid & a base?

A

Acid + base → salt + water

27
Q

What happens when you mix an acid & a metal?

A

Acid + metal → salt + hydrogen gas

28
Q

What happens when you mix an acid & a carbonate?

A

Acid + carbonate → salt + water + Carbon dioxide

29
Q

How do you identify acids?

A

Strong acids
Non-metal oxides: acidic as they form a acid when reacting with water
Carboxylic acids: functional group COOH means weak acid

30
Q

How do you identify bases ?

A

Strong bases
Metallic oxides: when reacting with water they become a base
Amino groups: when an NH2 is included

31
Q

What is an amphoteric compound?

A

Something that can act as either a base or an acid

32
Q

How do you identify an amphoteric compound?

A

Water
Amphoteric oxides: Al2O3
Amino acids

33
Q

What is Hcl (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Strong acid, hydrochloricacid

34
Q

What is HBr (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Hydrobronicacid, strong acid

35
Q

What is HI (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Hyndroiodic acid, strong acid

36
Q

What is H2so4 (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Sulfuric acid, strong acid

37
Q

What is HNO3 (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Nitre acid, strong acid

38
Q

What is HclO4 (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Perchloricacid, strong acid

39
Q

What is HclO3 (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Caloric acid, acid

40
Q

What is kOh (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Potassium hydroxide, strong base

41
Q

What is Naoh (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Sodium hydroxide, strong base

42
Q

What is ba(OH)2 (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Barium hydroxide, strong base

43
Q

What is Csoh (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Caesium hydroxide, strong base

44
Q

What is Sr(oh)2 (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Strontium hydroxide, strong base

45
Q

What is Ca(oh)2 (strong, week, acid, base) & name?

A

Calcium hydroxide, strong base

46
Q

What are alkali?

A

Bases that are soluable in water

47
Q

What makes buffers resistant to ph change?

A

The presence of an equilibrium between a weak acid & its conjugate base

Chemistry (10 decks)

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