The Periodic Table Flashcards
What is the periodic table?
The periodic table shows the list of all the elements.
The modern Periodic Table
Vertical columns, called groups, in which the element with similar physical and chemical properties are grouped together.
Horizontal rows, called periods, which are in the order of increasing proton number.
Group names
Alkali metals
The alkaline earth metals
The halogens
The noble gases
The alkali Metals
All the alkali metals have one electron in their outer shell
The alkaline Earth Metals
All elements in this group have 2 electrons open their outer shell.
The halogens
The elements in group 7 have seven electrons in their atoms outer shell.
The noble Gases
The elements open group 8 are all gases and have full outer shells of electrons in their atoms.
Ions
When atoms lose or gain electrons they become charged particles and aré called ions.
How are chemical bonds formed?
A compound forms when two different elements chemically combined.
Ionic Bonding
Ionic Bonding produces a compound that is formed from a metal and a non-metal and is made up of ions. This occurs when one atom loses electrons and another atom gains electrons.
Covalent Bonding
Covalent Bonding produces a compound formed from non-metals in which each atom shares electrons with another atom.
Chemical Formulas
Every compound has a formula, it tells you the type and number of atoms present in a compound.
Combining metals and non-metals
When a metal and non-metal are combined, the resultant compound is called after the name of the metal followed by the name of the non-metal, with its ending changed to “-ide”.
Metals + Non-Metals
Sodium + Chlorine = Soduim Chloride
Metal + Non-Metal = Compound
