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Science > Matter And Mixtures > Flashcards

Matter And Mixtures Flashcards

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1
Q

Matter

A

Anything that occupies space and has mass

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2
Q

Mass

A

Is the amount of matter in an object

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3
Q

3 States of Matter

A

Solids
Liquids
Gases

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4
Q

Properties of Solids

A

Solids have a definite shape
Solids have a definite volume
Solids cannot be compressed
Solids cannot flow

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5
Q

Properties of Liquids

A

Liquids have no definite shape
Liquids have a definite shape
Liquids cannot be compressed
Liquids can flow

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6
Q

Properties of Gases

A

Gases have no definite
Gases have no definite volume
Gases can be compressed
Gases can flow

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7
Q

Heat Energy

A

In order for a substance to change state
(From a solid to a liquid or liquid to a gas)
It needs Heat Energy

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8
Q

Latent Heat

A

As a substance changes state it
uses Latent Heat. There is no change to
temperature but the state of the material changes.

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9
Q

Melting point

A

The melting point is when both
the solid and liquid state exist together
(Changing from a solid to a liquid

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10
Q

The boiling point

A

The boiling point of a liquid is when
evaporation begins to happen throughout
the liquid (changing from a liquid to a gas)

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11
Q

Condensation

A

Condensation is the changing of a gas to a liquid

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12
Q

Diffusion

A

Diffusion is the movement of particles from an area of
high concentration to an area of low concentration E.g. spray
perfume in one corner of the room, and it spreads to the rest of the room

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13
Q

Plasma

A

It is very similar to a gas, in fact plasma
is a gas that can carry an electric charge

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14
Q

Physical Change

A

No change in particles, just the particle arrangement
and energy, easy to reverse e.g. mixing water and salt

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15
Q

Chemical Change

A

A chemical reaction takes place and a new substance
is formed,very difficult to reverse e.g burning a match

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16
Q

During a Chemical Reaction

A

The atoms rearrange to form a new
substance. Might be seen by colour change
Temperature change, light being emitted or bubbles

17
Q

Law of Conservation of Mass

A

Matter can be changed from 1 form
to another. During physical and chemical
changes, there is no overall change in mass

18
Q

Mixture

A

A mixture consists of 2 or more
Substances mingled together but not
chemically combined e.g. sand and water

19
Q

There are 4 Methods of separating Mixtures

A

Filtration
Evaporation
Distillation
Chromatography

20
Q

Filtration

A

Used to separate small insoluble
solids (Do not dissolve in a liquid)
from a liquid by using filter paper and a
funnel to trap the solids e.g sand and water

21
Q

Evaporation

A

Used to separate solids (dissolve in liquids)
from a solution by evaporating off the
liquid to leave the solids e.g. salt and water

22
Q

Distillation

A

Used to separate two liquids with different
boiling points such as alcohol (boils at 78 degrees)
and water (boils at 100 degrees). Also used to separate a
soluble solid from a liquid (e.g. seawater) to give a pure sample of each.

23
Q

Chromatography

A

Used to separate a mixture
of dissolved substances in a solution.
E.g. the different colours in a black marker.

24
Q

Insoluble

A

Does not dissolve in a liquid

25
Q

Soluble

A

Dissolves in a liquid

26
Q

Residue

A

The soil left in the filter paper after filtration

27
Q

Filtrate

A

The clean water that comes after filtration

28
Q

Solvent

A

The liquid that a solid is dissolved into

29
Q

Solute

A

The solid that is left behind after evaporation

30
Q

Distillation

A

Method of separation used to separate a soluble solid
and its solvent or 2 miscible liquids with different boiling points

31
Q

Miscible

A

Liquids that mix together e.g. alcohol and water

32
Q

Liebig Consender

A

Piece of equipment used in distillation in
which cool water flows to condense steam to water

33
Q

Distillate

A

Clean water at the end of distillation

34
Q

Chromatography

A

Used to separate mixtures of
substances that are in a solution e.g. dyes in ink

35
Q

Chromatogram

A

Chromatography paper with separated ink

36
Q

Reactant

A

Chemicals that react together in a chemical reaction

37
Q

Products

A

The substances formed after a chemical reaction

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