The pediatric Patient Flashcards
1
Q
Parental influence on the peds patient
A
- conception
- health awareness: nutition, wellness checks, lifestyle etc
2
Q
Normal growth and development
stages
A
- infancy: 0-12 months
- early childhood: 1-4 years
- middle childhood 5-10
- adolescence: 11-20
3
Q
Infancy
A
- 0-12 months
- most rapid physical development
- exploration
- cognitive, language
- self and family: attachment and trust
- concerns: delays in mapping sensoimotor cortex
4
Q
Early childhood 1-4 years
A
- physical development slows to 1/2 rate of infancy
- gross motor skills and fine motor skills
- language
- cognitive-preoperational; lacks logic
- seeking independence
- developing personal boundaries: being shy
- becoming more self-sufficient in basic activities
- concerns: human interaction, pscyhosocial milestones, reading, language
5
Q
Middle childhood
A
- 5-10 years
- physical growth slower
- concrete operational: goal directed exploration; rec activities
- environmental influence-self efficacy, self esteem, social independence, right/wrong
- concerns: self-esteem, physical challenges increase fo those with illness of disabilities may influence learning and development
6
Q
Adolescence
A
- 11-20 years
- endocrine-mediated changes
- formal operrational: thinking, logic, abstact reasoning, future implications of actions
- socially and emotionally challenging period
- family an deeper influence development of self and independence
- concerns: identity, independence and intimacy
- social emotional maturity by 20 for most
7
Q
bone health
A
- total lifetime bone mass estabilished during puberty (12.5 females, 14 males)
- calcium - most important dietary nutrient
- decreased activity, caffeine, dietary restriction, soft drinks, excessive thinness with late menarche or amenorrhea can impact and intensify bone loss of aging
8
Q
Pediatric physical therapy: congential, genetic and acquired pediatic conditions table
A
- achondroplasia (dwarfism)
- cerebal palsy
- cycstic fibrosis
- down syndrome
- hemophilia
- juvenile rheumatoid arthitis
- neural tube defect
- osteogeneiss imperrfecta
- praderwili syndrome
- sickle cell disease
- spinal muscle atrophy
9
Q
puberty
A
- females: 10 (8-13)
- males 11 (9.5-14)
- growth spurts
- sexual characteristics
- precocious puberty: early onset (before 8 females and before 9 in males)
- possible underlying disorders require endocrine screening, radiogaphs of growth plates
- CNS disease, trauma, tumors, McCune-Albright Syndrome, pimary hypothryroidims
- Growth plate images if not w/i normal percentiles
10
Q
A
11
Q
Female athlete triad
A
- energy availability
- menstural function
- bone mineral density
- dysmenorrhea: delay or irregular cycles, referrral to gyno/endocrinologist
- concern around age 16
12
Q
male milestones
A
- normal development
- first orgasm (organsmarche)
- first ejaculation (oigarche)
- and first wet dream (nocturnal emissions)
- occur between 12.2 and 16.2 years
13
Q
MSK system
A
- vertebral column: axial skeletal growth plates - epiphyses activates between 7-9 and close between 14-24
- Susceptible to spinal pathology (tumors) and growth distrubances scoliosis and scheurmann’s
- 50% will complain of back pain
14
Q
DDX for MSK and back pain
A
- trauma 25%
- sickle cells crisis 13%
- idiopathic cause 13%
- UTI 5
- viral 4
15
Q
common MSK disease
in peds
A
- osteochondrosis AVN
- legg-calve-perthes diseases
- freiberg’s disease: osteochonrosis of metatarsal heads
- UE osteochonrosis: shoulder and elbow
- epiphyseal disorders
- scoliosis
- osteochondritis dissecnas (typically in knees and talus)
- neoplastic disorders
